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PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
a+b) Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot36,5}{14,6\%}=150\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_3}=0,2\cdot162,5=32,5\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{32,5}{150+16}\cdot100\%\approx19,58\%\)
b) PTHH: \(HCl+KOH\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{KOH}=n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2\left(l\right)\)
a) 2HCl + Ca(OH)2 = CaCl2 + 2H2O
0.2 0.1 0.1 (mol)
b) nCaCl2=11.1:111 = 0.1 (mol)
=>VHCl= 0.2:0.5= 0.4 (l)
=>VCa(OH)2=0.1:2=0.05(l)
c) CM CaCl2=0.1: (0.4+0.05)=0.22M
mình chỉ làm thử thôi nhaa
a. PTHH: Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2↑
b. Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(lít\right)\)
c. Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{Mg}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{HCl}}=\dfrac{14,6}{m_{dd_{HCl}}}.100\%=20\%\)
=> \(m_{dd_{HCl}}=73\left(g\right)\)
d. Ta có: \(m_{dd_{MgCl_2}}=73+4,8-\left(0,2.2\right)=77,4\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{MgCl_2}=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{19}{77,4}.100\%=24,5\%\)
Bài 1: gọi a,b là ố mol của Mg và Al
Mg + 2HCl - > MgCl2 + H2
-a---------------------------------a
Al + 3HCl -> AlCl3 + 3/2H2
-b---------------------b-------3/2b-
Ta có 24a+27b=7.8 g (1)
Mà bạn thấy nhé! Hòa tan 7,8g kim loại HOÀN TOÀN vào HCl dư mà dung dịch chỉ tăng thêm 7g
=> 0,8g mất đi là do H2 bay hơi -> nH2 = 0.4 mol
Có thêm a+3/2b=0.4 (2)
từ 1 và 2 ta có hệ pt: \(\begin{cases}24a+27b=7,8\\a+\frac{3}{2}b=0,4\end{cases}\)
<=> \(\begin{cases}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{cases}\)
=> mMg =0,1.24=2,4g
=> mAl=7,8-2,4=5,4g
Bài 2: H2+Cl2=>2HCl
Theo định luật bảo toàn thì là 5 lít thôi
H=20%=> V=5:100.20=1lit
Câu 16:
PTHH: \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,25\cdot1,5=0,375\left(mol\right)=n_{KOH}=n_{KCl}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,375}{2}=0,1875\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{KCl}}=\dfrac{0,375}{0,1875+0,25}\approx0,86\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 18:
PTHH: \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot14,7\%}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot56}{5,6\%}=600\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{600}{10,45}\approx57,42\left(ml\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{K_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot174}{600+200}\cdot100\%=6,525\%\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2-->0,4----->0,2------->0,2
a
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b
\(CM_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)
c
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
0,2------>0,4
\(V_{dd.NaOH}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,05 0,1 0,05 0,05
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,2 0,4 0,2
a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.1}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,05.24=1,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgO}=9,2-1,2=8\left(g\right)\)
0/0Mg = \(\dfrac{1,2.100}{9,2}=13,04\)0/0
0/0MgO = \(\dfrac{8.100}{9,2}=86,96\)0/0
b) Có : \(m_{MgO}=8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,1+0,4=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25.100}{14,6}=125\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{MgCl2\left(tổng\right)}=0,05+0,2=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{MgCl2}=0,25.95=23,75\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=9,2+125-\left(0,05.2\right)=134,1\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{23,75.100}{134,1}=17,71\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
a)\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,05 0,1 0,05 0,05
PTHH: MgO + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2O
Mol: 0,2 0,4 0,2
\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.24.100\%}{9,2}=13,04\%;\%m_{MgO}=100-13,04=86,96\%\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{9,2-0,05.24}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
b,\(m_{HCl}=\left(0,1+0,4\right).36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25.100}{14,6}=125\left(g\right)\)
c,mdd sau pứ = 9,2+125-0,05.2 = 134,1 (g)
\(C\%_{ddMgCl_2}=\dfrac{\left(0,05+0,2\right).95.100\%}{134,1}=17,71\%\)
a) $Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
$n_{MgCl_2} = \dfrac{4,75}{95} = 0,05(mol)$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{MgCl_2} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,1.36,5}{14,6\%} = 25(gam)$
$\Rightarrow V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{25}{1,12} = 22,32(ml)$
b) $n_{Mg} = n_{H_2} = n_{MgCl_2} = 0,05(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 0,05.24 + 25 - 0,05.2 = 26,1(gam)$
$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{4,75}{26,1}.100\% = 18,2\%$