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a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=-1\\x-y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3y=-6\\x-y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
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b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{5}{x}-\frac{6}{y}=3\\\frac{4}{x}+\frac{9}{y}=7\end{matrix}\right.\)ĐKXĐ: x,y≠0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{20}{x}-\frac{24}{y}=12\\\frac{20}{x}+\frac{45}{y}=35\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{69}{y}=23\\\frac{20}{x}+\frac{45}{y}=35\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3\\x=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
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c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{y-1}=1\\\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{y-1}=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)ĐKXĐ:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-1\\y\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow4\sqrt{x+1}\)\(=-1\)(vô nghiệm)
Vậy hệ pt vô nghiệm
d) Nhân 3 pt đầu rồi thu gọn
Ta có hệ pt :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{y}{3}=\frac{x}{4}\\\frac{z}{9}=\frac{x}{4}\\7x-3y+2z=90\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{3x}{4}\\z=\frac{9x}{4}\\7x-\frac{3.3x}{4}+\frac{2.9x}{4}=90\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{3x}{4}\\z=\frac{9x}{4}\\28x-9x+18x=360\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{3x}{4}\\z=\frac{9x}{4}\\37x=360\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{3}{4}.\frac{360}{37}\\z=\frac{9}{4}.\frac{360}{37}\\x=\frac{360}{37}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{270}{37}\\z=\frac{810}{37}\\x=\frac{360}{37}\end{matrix}\right.\)
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1/ ĐKXĐ:...
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{2}{x}+\frac{3}{y-2}=4\\\frac{12}{x}+\frac{3}{y-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{10}{x}=-1\Rightarrow x=-10\)
\(\frac{4}{-10}+\frac{1}{y-2}=1\Rightarrow\frac{1}{y-2}=\frac{7}{5}\Rightarrow y-2=\frac{5}{7}\Rightarrow y=\frac{19}{7}\)
2/ ĐKXĐ:...
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{2x-y}=a\\\frac{1}{x+y}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a-b=0\\3a-6b=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{1}{9}\\b=\frac{2}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{2x-y}=\frac{1}{9}\\\frac{1}{x+y}=\frac{2}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=9\\x+y=\frac{9}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow...\)
3/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+10y=3x-1\\2x+4=3x-6y-15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+10y=-1\\-x+6y=-19\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow...\)
4/ Bạn tự giải
ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{x}+y+\frac{1}{y}=5\\x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}+y^2+\frac{1}{y^2}=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{x}+y+\frac{1}{y}=5\\\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2=13\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{x}=u\\y+\frac{1}{y}=v\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u+v=5\\u^2+v^2=13\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u+v=5\\\left(u+v\right)^2-2uv=13\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u+v=5\\uv=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo Viet đảo, u và v là nghiệm của: \(t^2-5t+6=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=2\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{x}=2\\y+\frac{1}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{x}=3\\y+\frac{1}{y}=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow...\)
a/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-4y=11\\-x-10y=-15\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=8\\\frac{2x}{3}+\frac{x}{4}-\frac{y}{6}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=8\\\frac{11}{12}x-\frac{y}{6}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=8\\11x-2y=12\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{28}{13}\\y=\frac{76}{13}\end{matrix}\right.\)
(I)\(\left\{\begin{matrix}x^2=\frac{y}{2}+\frac{1}{2y}\\y^2=\frac{x}{2}+\frac{1}{2x}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\leftrightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}x^2=\frac{y^2+1}{2y}\\y^2=\frac{x^2+1}{2x}\end{matrix}\right.\leftrightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}2x^2y=y^2+1\\2xy^2=x^2+1\end{matrix}\right.\)(1)
trừ 2 vế trên và dưới của (I) ta được:
\(x^2-y^2=\frac{y-x}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}-\frac{1}{x}\right)=\frac{-\left(x-y\right)}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\frac{x-y}{xy}\)
\(\leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+\frac{x-y}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\frac{x-y}{xy}=0\)
\(\leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2xy}\right)=0\)
TH1: x=y =>thay vào hệ I ta được:\(x^2=\frac{x}{2}+\frac{1}{2x}\)
\(\leftrightarrow2x^3-x^2-1=0\leftrightarrow2x^3-2x^2+x^2-x+x-1=0\)
\(\leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(2x^2+x+1\right)=0\)
\(\leftrightarrow x=1\)(vì 2x^2+x+1>0 vs mọi x)
hệ (I) có nghiệm\(\left\{\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2\(x+y+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2xy}=0\leftrightarrow2x^2y+2xy^2+xy-1=0\)
từ (1) thế vào pt ta được\(x^2+y^2+2+xy-1=0\leftrightarrow x^2+xy+y^2+1=0\)
mà x^2+y^2+xy\(\ge\)0 vs mọi x (bình phương thiếu của tổng) nên \(x^2+y^2+xy+1>0\forall x\)=> pt vô nghiệm
vậy hệ có nghiệm là (x,y)=(1;1)
Đặt \(\frac{1}{x}=a,\frac{1}{y}=b\)
Ta có hệ phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}15a-7b=9\\4a+9b=35\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}60a-28b=36\\60a+135b=525\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-163b=-489\\4a+9b=35\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=3\\4a+9.3=35\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=3\\4a=8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=3\\a=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{x}=2\\\frac{1}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=\frac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là (x;y) = (\(\frac{1}{2};\frac{1}{3}\))