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Đặt: nK= x mol
nMg= 2x mol
mhh= 39x + 24x*2= 8.7g
<=> x= 0.1
2K + 1/2O2 -to-> K2O
0.1__0.025______0.05
Mg + 1/2O2 -to-> MgO
0.2____0.1______0.2
VO2= (0.1+0.025)*22.4=2.8l
Rắn A: K2O, MgO
K2O + H2O --> 2KOH
0.05__________0.1
mK2O= 0.05*94=4.7g
dd B: KOH
Rắn C: MgO
CM KOH= 0.1/0.2=0.5M
mKOH= 0.1*56=5.6g
mH2O= 200*1=200g
mdd sau hòa tan= mK2O + mH2O= 4.7+200=204.7g
C% KOH= 5.6/204.7*100%= 2.73%
A: MgO, CuO
B: MgCl2, CuCl2
C: Mg(OH)2, Cu(OH)2
PT: \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CuO\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}\)
\(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
1. Gọi mol của Mg và Al là x, y mol
=> 24x + 27y = 12,6 (1)
nH2 = 0,6 mol => x + 1,5y = 0,6 (2)
Từ (1) (2) => x = 0,3 ; y = 0,2
=> %Mg = 57,14%
=> %Al = 42,86%
nH2=13,44/22,4=0,6(mol)
Đặt: nMg=a(mol); nAl=b(mol) (a,b>0)
1) PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
a__________a________a_____a(mol)
2Al +3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
b___1,5b______0,5b____1,5b(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=12,6\\a+1,5b=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mMg=0,3.24=7,2(g)
=>%mMg= (7,2/12,6).100=57,143%
=>%mAl=42,857%
2) mMgSO4=120.a=120.0,3=36(g)
mAl2(SO4)3=342.0,5b=342.0,5.0,2= 34,2(g)
mH2SO4= (0,3+0,2.1,5).98=58,8(g)
=>mddH2SO4=58,8: 14,7%=400(g)
=>mddsau= 12,6+400 - 2.0,6= 411,4(g)
=>C%ddAl2(SO4)3= (34,2/411,4).100=8,313%
C%ddMgSO4=(36/411,4).100=8,751%
a, PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
b, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}+2n_{Mg}=2x+2y\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}+n_{Mg}=x+y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=36,5.\left(2x+2y\right)=73\left(x+y\right)\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{73\left(x+y\right)}{20\%}=365\left(x+y\right)\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = mFe + mMg + m dd HCl - mH2 = 56x + 24y + 365.(x+y) - 2.(x+y) = 419x + 387y (g)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(C\%_{MgCl_2}=11,87\%\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{95y}{419x+387y}=0,1187\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=0,9865\Rightarrow x=0,9865y\)
Theo PT: \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127x}{419x+387y}.100\%=\dfrac{127.0,9865y}{419.0,9865y+387y}.100\%\approx15,65\%\)
\(a.Mg+2HCl->MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\\ b.Giả.sử:có:100g.dd.HCl\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{20\%.100}{36,5}=\dfrac{40}{73}mol\\ n_{Fe}=a;n_{Mg}=b\\ 2a+2b=\dfrac{40}{73}\\ BTKL:m_{ddsau}=56a+24b+100-2\left(a+b\right)=54a+22b+100\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{95b}{54a+22b+100}=\dfrac{11,787}{100}\\ -54a+783,97b=100\\ a=b=0,137\left(mol\right)\\ C\%FeCl_2=\dfrac{0,137\cdot127}{\dfrac{95\cdot0,137}{11,787\%}}\cdot100\%=15,757\%\)
Câu b) là tính nồng độ trong X chứ :v
a)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(0,4.2\right)=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> V = 0,4.22,4 = 8,96 (l)
b)
Gọi số mol Mg, Al là a, b (mol)
=> 24a + 27b = 7,8 (1)
Theo PTHH: nH2 = a + 1,5b = 0,4 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,2(mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(AlCl_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5M\\C_{M\left(MgCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25M\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu b) là tính nồng độ trong X chứ :v
a)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Theo PTHH: nH2=12.nHCl=12.(0,4.2)=0,4(mol)nH2=12.nHCl=12.(0,4.2)=0,4(mol)
=> V = 0,4.22,4 = 8,96 (l)
b)
Gọi số mol Mg, Al là a, b (mol)
=> 24a + 27b = 7,8 (1)
Theo PTHH: nH2 = a + 1,5b = 0,4 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,2(mol)
=> {nMgCl2=0,1(mol)nAlCl3=0,2(mol){nMgCl2=0,1(mol)nAlCl3=0,2(mol)
=> ⎧⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎨⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎩CM(AlCl3)=0,20,4=0,5MCM(MgCl2)=0,10,4=0,25M