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=> 4S = 1 + 2/4 + 3/4^2 +...+ 2023/4^2022
=> 4S-S = 1 + (2/4-1/4) + (3/4^2 - 2/4^2) +...+ (2023/4^2022 - 2022/4^2022) - 2023/4^2023
=> 3S = 1 + 1/4 + 1/4^2 +...+ 1/4^2022 - 2023/4^2023
=> 12S = 4 + 1 + 1/4 +... + 1/4^2021 - 2023/4^2022
=> 12S - 3S = 4 + (1-1) + (1/4-1/4) +... + (1/4^2021 - 1/4^2021) - 1/4^2022 - 2023/4^2022 + 2023/4^2023
=> 9S = 4 - 1/4^2022 - 2023/4^2022 + 2023/4^2023
= 4- 2024/4^2022 + 2023/4^2023
Do 2024/4^2022 > 2024/4^2023 > 2023/4^2023 nên - 2024/4^2022 + 2023/4^2023 < 0
=> 9S < 4 < 9/2
=> S < 1/2 (đpcm)
Ta có S = \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{4^2}+\dfrac{3}{4^3}+...+\dfrac{2023}{4^{2023}}\)
4S = \(1+\dfrac{2}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{2023}{4^{2022}}\)
4S - S = ( \(1+\dfrac{2}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{2023}{4^{2022}}\) ) - ( \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{4^2}+\dfrac{3}{4^3}+...+\dfrac{2023}{4^{2023}}\))
3S = 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}}-\dfrac{2023}{4^{2023}}\)
Đặt A = 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}}\)
4A = 4 + 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2021}}\)
4A - A = ( 4 + 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2021}}\)) - ( 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}}\))
3A = 4 - \(\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}}\)
A = ( 4 - \(\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}}\)) : 3 = \(\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}\cdot3}\)
⇒ 3S = \(\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}\cdot3}\) - \(\dfrac{2023}{4^{2023}}\)
S = ( \(\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}\cdot3}\) - \(\dfrac{2023}{4^{2023}}\)) : 3 = \(\dfrac{4}{9}-\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}\cdot3^2}-\dfrac{1}{4^{2023}\cdot3}< \dfrac{4}{9}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy S < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(1:\dfrac{2}{3}:\dfrac{3}{4}:\dfrac{4}{5}:...:\dfrac{2024}{2025}\)
= \(1\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot\dfrac{4}{3}\cdot\dfrac{5}{4}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{2025}{2024}=\dfrac{2025}{2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}.\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=3.\dfrac{1}{3}.\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A-A=1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}-\left(\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}-\dfrac{1}{3^1}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}-...\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1-\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{4+3+1}{12}=\dfrac{8}{12}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
mà \(\dfrac{2}{3}>\dfrac{1}{2}\) \(\left(\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{4}{6}>\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{6}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< B\)
A = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{3^3}\)+............+\(\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\)
3A = 1+ \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^3}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{3^{2022}}\)
3A - A = 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\)
2A = 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2023}}\) < 1
B = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{12}\)
B = \(\dfrac{4}{12}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{12}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{12}\)
B = \(\dfrac{8}{12}\)
B = \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) ⇒ 2B = \(\dfrac{4}{3}\) > 1
2A < 2B ⇒ A < B
`a)1/2 . [-3]/4 . [-5]/8 . [-8]/9=[1. (-3).(-5).(-8)]/[2.4.8.3.3]=[-5]/[2.4.3]=[-5]/24`
`b)(2/[1.3]+2/[3.5]+2/[5.7]).([10.13]/3-[2^2]/3-[5^3]/3)`
`=(1-1/3+1/3-1/5+1/5-1/7).[10.13-2^2-5^3]/3`
`=(1-1/7).[130-4-125]/3`
`=6/7 . 1/3 = 2/7`
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`8/9+1/9 . 2/9+1/9 . 7/9`
`=8/9+1/9.(2/9+7/9)`
`=8/9+1/9 . 9/9`
`=8/9+1/9=9/9=1`
a) \(\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{-3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{-5}{8}\cdot\dfrac{-8}{9}\)
\(=\dfrac{1\cdot\left(-3\right)\cdot\left(-5\right)\cdot\left(-8\right)}{2\cdot4\cdot8\cdot9}\)
\(=-\dfrac{5}{24}\)
b) \(\left(\dfrac{2}{1\cdot3}+\dfrac{2}{3\cdot5}+\dfrac{2}{5\cdot7}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{10\cdot13}{3}-\dfrac{2^2}{3}-\dfrac{5^3}{3}\right)\)
\(=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{7}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{130}{3}-\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{125}{3}\right)\)
\(=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{7}\right)\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{7}\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{7}\)
\(\dfrac{8}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}\cdot\dfrac{2}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}\cdot\dfrac{7}{9}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{9}+\dfrac{2}{81}+\dfrac{7}{81}\)
\(=\dfrac{72}{81}+\dfrac{2}{81}+\dfrac{7}{81}\)
\(=1\)
A = \(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2022}-\dfrac{1}{2023}\)
= \(1-\dfrac{1}{2023}\)
= \(\dfrac{2022}{2023}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{4}B=\dfrac{3}{4}-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^3-....-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^{2024}+\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^{2025}\)
=>\(\dfrac{7}{4}B=\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^{2025}+1\)
=>\(B\cdot\dfrac{7}{4}=\dfrac{3^{2025}+4^{2025}}{4^{2025}}\)
=>\(B=\dfrac{3^{2025}+4^{2025}}{4^{2024}\cdot7}\)