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Ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)-2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\)(1)
Lại có:
\(B\)\(=\dfrac{2013}{51}+\dfrac{2013}{52}+...+\dfrac{2013}{100}\)
\(=2013\left(\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\)(2)
Từ (1),(2)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{B}{A}=2013\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{B}{A}\) là số nguyên
Ta có:
A\(=\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+\dfrac{1}{5\cdot6}+....+\dfrac{1}{99\cdot100}\)
=\(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+...\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
=\(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{7}...\dfrac{1}{99}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{6}...\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\)
=\(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)-2\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\)
=\(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\)
=\(\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\)
Và:
B=\(\dfrac{2013}{51}+\dfrac{2013}{52}+...+\dfrac{2013}{100}\)
=\(2013\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{B}{A}=2013\)
Vậy\(\dfrac{B}{A}\)là một số nguyên
Ta có: \(\dfrac{p}{m-1}=\dfrac{m+n}{p}\left(1\right)\)
Nếu \(m+n⋮p\)
\(\Rightarrow p⋮m-1\) do \(p\) là số nguyên tố và \(m,n\in N\)*
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=2\\m=p+1\end{matrix}\right.\) Khi đó từ \(\left(1\right)\) ta có: \(p^2=n+2\)
Nếu \(m+n⋮̸\)\(p\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow\left(m+n\right)\left(m-1\right)=p^2\)
Do \(p\) là số nguyên tố và \(m,n\in N\)*
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m-1=p^2\\m+n=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m=p^2+1\\n=-p^2< 0\end{matrix}\right.\) (loại)
Vậy \(p^2=n+2\) (Đpcm)
\(\dfrac{p}{m-1}=\dfrac{m+n}{p}\)
\(\Rightarrow p^2=\left(m-1\right).\left(m+n\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow p^2⋮m-1\)
\(\Rightarrow p⋮m-1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m-1=1\\m-1=p\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu \(m-1=p\Rightarrow m+n=p\)
\(\Rightarrow m-1=m+n\)
\(\Rightarrow n=-1\) ( loại )
Nếu \(m-1=1\Rightarrow m=2\left(TM\right)\)
Khi đó: \(p^2=\left(2-1\right).\left(2+n\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow p^2=2+n\)
