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\(^{\dfrac{y+z+t-nx}{x}=\dfrac{z+t+x-ny}{y}=\dfrac{t+x+y-nz}{z}=\dfrac{x+y+z-nt}{t}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y+z+t}{x}-n=\dfrac{z+t+x}{y}-n=\dfrac{t+x+y}{z}-n=\dfrac{x+y+z}{t}-n\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y+z+t}{x}=\dfrac{z+t+x}{y}=\dfrac{t+x+y}{z}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{t}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y+z+t}{x}+1=\dfrac{z+t+x}{y}+1=\dfrac{t+x+y}{z}+1=\dfrac{x+y+z}{t}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{x}=\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{y}=\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{z}=\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{t}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2012}{x}=\dfrac{2012}{y}=\dfrac{2012}{z}=\dfrac{2012}{t}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=z=t\)
Kết hợp \(x+y+z+t=2012\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=t=503\)
\(P=x+2y-3z+t=x+2x-3x+x=x=503\)
vậy....
\(\dfrac{y+z+t-nx}{x}=\dfrac{z+t+x-ny}{y}=\dfrac{t+x+y-nz}{z}=\dfrac{x+y+z-nt}{t}\)
\(=\dfrac{y+z+t-nx+z+t+x-ny+t+x+y-nz+x+y+z-nt}{x+y+z+t}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x+3y+3z+3t-n\left(x+y+z+t\right)}{x+y+z+t}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z+t\right)-n\left(x+y+z+t\right)}{x+y+z+t}=\dfrac{\left(3-n\right)\left(x+y+z+t\right)}{x+y+z+t}=3-n\)
Nên \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+z+t-nx=3x-nx\\z+t+x-ny=3y-ny\\t+x+y-nz=3z-nz\\x+y+z-nt=3t-nt\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+z+t=3x\\z+t+x=3y\\t+x+y=3z\\x+y+z=3t\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{y+z+t}{3}\\y=\dfrac{z+t+x}{3}\\z=\dfrac{t+x+y}{3}\\t=\dfrac{x+y+z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay vào \(P\) ta có:
\(P=x+2y-3z+t\)
\(P=\dfrac{y+z+t}{3}+\dfrac{2\left(z+t+x\right)}{3}-\dfrac{3\left(t+x+y\right)}{3}+\dfrac{x+y+z}{3}\)
\(P=\dfrac{y+z+t+2z+t+x-3t-3x-3y+x+y+z}{3}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(x+x-3x\right)+\left(y+y-3y\right)+\left(z+z+2z\right)+\left(t+t-3t\right)}{3}\)
\(P=\dfrac{-x-y-z+4t}{3}\)
\(P=\dfrac{-\left(x+y+z+t\right)+5t}{3}\)
\(P=\dfrac{-2012+5t}{3}\)
Tốn sức quá T^T
\(M=\dfrac{x}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{y}{x+y+t}+\dfrac{z}{y+z+t}+\dfrac{t}{x+z+t}\)
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{x+y+z}>\dfrac{x}{x+y+z+t}\\\dfrac{y}{x+y+t}>\dfrac{y}{x+y+z+t}\\\dfrac{z}{y+z+t}>\dfrac{z}{x+y+z+t}\\\dfrac{t}{x+z+t}>\dfrac{t}{x+y+z+t}\end{matrix}\right.\) Cộng theo \(3\) vế ta có:
\(M>\dfrac{x}{x+y+z+t}+\dfrac{y}{x+y+z+t}+\dfrac{z}{x+y+z+t}+\dfrac{t}{x+y+z+t}=1\)
Lại có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{x+y+z}< \dfrac{x+t}{x+y+z+t}\\\dfrac{y}{x+y+t}< \dfrac{y+z}{x+y+z+t}\\\dfrac{z}{y+z+t}< \dfrac{z+x}{x+y+z+t}\\\dfrac{t}{x+z+t}< \dfrac{t+y}{x+y+z+t}\end{matrix}\right.\)Cộng theo \(3\) vế ta có:
\(M< \dfrac{x+t}{x+y+z+t}+\dfrac{y+z}{x+y+z+t}+\dfrac{z+x}{x+y+z+t}+\dfrac{t+y}{x+y+z+t}=2\)Như vậy \(1< M< 2\Leftrightarrow M\notin N\left(đpcm\right)\)
1.
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{y+z+1}{x}=\dfrac{x+z+2}{y}=\dfrac{x+y-3}{z}\)= \(\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=2\)
=> \(\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\) = 2
=> x+y+z = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{y+z+1}{x}\) = 2
=> y+z+1 = 2x => x+y+z+1 = 3x <=> \(\dfrac{3}{2}=3x\)
<=> x = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Tương tự thế vào \(\dfrac{x+z+2}{y}\) tính được y =\(\dfrac{5}{6}\)
=> z = -\(\dfrac{5}{6}\)
=> A = 2016.\(\dfrac{1}{2}\) = 1008
\(\dfrac{x}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{y}{x+z+t}=\dfrac{z}{y+z+t}=\dfrac{t}{x+z+t}\\ =\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{x+y+z+x+z+y+y+z+t+x+z+t}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{3\left(x+y+z+t\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}\\ hayM=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(M^{10}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{10}=\dfrac{1}{3^{10}}< 2017\)
\(\text{Ta có : }\dfrac{x}{y+z}=\dfrac{y}{x+z}=\dfrac{z}{y+x}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{y+z}{x}=\dfrac{x+z}{y}=\dfrac{y+x}{z}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được :
\(\dfrac{y+z}{x}=\dfrac{x+z}{y}=\dfrac{y+x}{z}\\ =\dfrac{\left(y+z\right)+\left(x+z\right)+\left(y+x\right)}{x+y+z}\\ =\dfrac{y+z+x+z+y+x}{x+y+z}\\ =\dfrac{\left(y+y\right)+\left(z+z\right)+\left(x+x\right)}{x+y+z}\\ =\dfrac{2y+2z+2x}{x+y+z}\\ =\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}\\ =2\\ \)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{y+z}{x}=2\\\dfrac{x+z}{y}=2\\\dfrac{y+x}{z}=2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\dfrac{y+z}{x}+\dfrac{x+z}{y}+\dfrac{y+x}{z}=2+2+2=6\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{y+z}{x}+\dfrac{x+z}{y}+\dfrac{y+x}{z}=6\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{y+z+t}=\dfrac{y}{z+t+x}=\dfrac{z}{y+t+x}=\dfrac{t}{y+x+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y+z+t}+1=\dfrac{y}{z+t+x}+1=\dfrac{z}{y+t+x}+1=\dfrac{t}{y+x+z}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{y+z+t}=\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{z+t+x}=\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{y+t+x}=\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{y+x+z}\)+) Xét \(x+y+z+t=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-\left(z+t\right)\\y+z=-\left(x+t\right)\\z+t=-\left(x+y\right)\\x+t=-\left(y+z\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-1\)
+) Xét \(x+y+z+t\ne0\Rightarrow x=y=z=t\)
\(\Rightarrow A=1\)
Vậy A = -1 hoặc A = 1
Ta có:\(\dfrac{x}{y+z+t}+1=\dfrac{y}{z+t+x}+1=\dfrac{z}{y+t+x}+1=\dfrac{t}{y+x+z}+1\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{y+z+t}=\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{z+t+x}=\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{t+x+y}=\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{x+y+z}\)
Nếu x+y+z+t\(\ne\)0 thì y+z+t=z+t+x=t+x+y=x+y+z
=>x=y=z=t nên P=1+1+1+1=4
Nếu X+y+z+t=0 thì P=-4
\(x+y+z+t=2019\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=2019-t\\x+y+t=2019-z\\x+z+t=2019-y\\y+z+t=2019-x\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\dfrac{y+z+t-nx}{x}=\dfrac{x+z+t-ny}{y}...=\dfrac{\left(3-n\right)\left(x+y+z+t\right)}{x+y+z+t}=3-n\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{y+z+t-nx}{x}=3-n\\\dfrac{x+z+t-ny}{y}=3-n\\\dfrac{x+y+t-nz}{z}=3-n\\\dfrac{x+y+z-nt}{t}=3-n\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2019-x-nx}{x}=3-n\\\dfrac{2019-y-ny}{y}=3-n\\\dfrac{2019-z-nz}{z}=3-n\\\dfrac{2019-t-nt}{t}=3-n\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2019-\left(n+1\right)x=\left(3-n\right)x\\2019-\left(n+1\right)y=\left(3-n\right)y\\2019-\left(n+1\right)z=\left(3-n\right)z\\2019-\left(n+1\right)t=\left(3-n\right)t\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2019}{3-n+n+1}=\dfrac{2019}{4}\\y=\dfrac{2019}{3-n+n+1}=\dfrac{2019}{4}\\z=\dfrac{2019}{3-n+n+1}=\dfrac{2019}{4}\\t=\dfrac{2019}{3-n+n+1}=\dfrac{2019}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=z=t\Rightarrow P=x+2x-3x+x=x=\dfrac{2019}{4}\)