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\(a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=2\cdot0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Vì \(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}\) nên sau p/ứ Zn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,15\cdot65=9,75\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=13-9,75=3,25\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{8}{160}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 --> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
______0,05------>0,15--------->0,05
=> mH2SO4 = 0,15.98 = 14,7(g)
=> \(C\%\left(H_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{14,7}{100}.100\%=14,7\%\)
\(C\%\left(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)=\dfrac{0,05.400}{8+100}.100\%=18,52\%\)
PTHH: Fe2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH --> 2Fe(OH)3\(\downarrow\) + 3Na2SO4
________0,05----------------------->0,1
=> mFe(OH)3 = 0,1.107=10,7(g)
PTHH: \(Fe_3O_4+8HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+2FeCl_3+4H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{300\cdot3,65\%}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{8}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Fe3O4 còn dư, HCl p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,0375\left(mol\right)\\m_{FeCl_3}=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0625\cdot232=14,5\left(g\right)\\m_{muối}=0,0375\cdot127+0,075\cdot162,5=16,95\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
nFe3O4= 23,2/232=0,1(mol); nHCl = (300.3,65%)/36,5= 0,3(mol)
a) PTHH: Fe3O4 + 8 HCl -> 2 FeCl3 + FeCl2 + 4 H2O
b) Ta có: 0,3/8 < 0,1/1
=> Fe3O4 dư, HCl hết, tính theo nHCl.
=> nFe3O4(p.ứ)= nFeCl2= nHCl/8=0,3/8= 0,0375(mol)
=> mFe3O4(dư)= (0,1- 0,0375).232=14,5(g)
c) nFeCl3= 2/8. 0,3= 0,075(mol)
=> mFeCl3= 0,075.162,5=12,1875(g)
mFeCl2= 0,0375. 127=4,7625(g)
=>m(muối)= 12,1875+ 4,7625= 16,95(g)
nH2 \(\approx\)0,2 (mol)
Mg + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl2 + H2 (1)
0,2 <------------ 0,2 <----- 0,2 (mol)
MgO + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl2 + H2O (2)
b) %mMg = \(\frac{0,2.24}{8,8}\) . 100% =54,55%
%mMgO = 45,45%
c) mMgO = 8,8 - 0,2 . 24 = 4(g)
=> nMgO=0,1 (mol)
Theo pt(2) nMgCl2 = nMg = 0,1 (mol)
=> \(\Sigma n_{MgCl_2}\) = 0,2 + 0,1 = 0,3 (mol)
mmuối = 0,3 . 95 = 28,5 (g)
\(a.MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(b.n_{MgO}=\dfrac{16}{40}=0,04mol\)
\(\rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,04.2=0,08mol\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,08}{0,15}=0,53M\)
\(c.m_{MgCl_2}=0,04.95=3,8g\)
1)
$MgO + 2HCl to MgCl_2 + H_2O$
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
2)
$n_{Mg} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{Mg} = 0,1.24 = 2,4(gam)$
$m_{MgO} = 4,4 - 2,4 = 2(gam)$
3)
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{Mg} + 2n_{MgO} = 0,1.2 + \dfrac{2}{40}.2 = 0,3(mol)$
$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3}{2} = 0,15(lít) = 150(ml)$
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{1.6}{40}=0.04\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0.05\cdot2=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
Lập tỉ lệ :
\(\dfrac{0.04}{1}< \dfrac{0.1}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\)
\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0.1-0.04\cdot2=0.02\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{MgCl_2}=0.04\cdot95=3.8\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow D\)