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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Cu + 2H2SO4 → CuSO4 + SO2↑ + 2H2O
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
\(n_{SO_2}=n_{Cu}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{20,8}.100=61,54\%\); \(\%m_{CuO}=38,46\%\)
b) \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20,8-12,8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.2+0,1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,5.98}{80\%}=61,25\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=0,2+0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CuSO_4}=0,3.160=48\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
b: Đặt \(a=n_{Zn};b=n_{Fe}\)
Theo đề, ta có hệ phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+56b=37.2\\a+b=0.6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.4\\b=0.2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Zn}=0.4\cdot65=25\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.5\cdot56=11.2\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Oxit kim loại : R2On
\(\%R = \dfrac{2R}{2R + 16n}.100\% = 60\%\\ \Rightarrow R = 12n\)
Với n = 2 thì R = 24(Magie)
Vậy oxit là MgO
\(MgO+ H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2O\\ n_{MgSO_4} = n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{MgO} = \dfrac{20}{40} = 0,5(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} =\dfrac{0,5.98}{10\%} = 490(gam)\\ m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 20 + 490 = 510(gam)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{MgSO_4} = \dfrac{0,5.120}{510}.100\% = 11,76\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{150.20}{100}=30\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{30}{98}=\dfrac{15}{49}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
15/49 15/49 15/49
\(b,V_{H_2}=n.22,4=\dfrac{15}{49}.22,4=\dfrac{48}{7}\approx6.86\left(l\right)\)
\(c,m_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{15}{49}.152\approx46,53\left(g\right)\)
Tên gọi : Sắt (II) Sunfat
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Giải thích các bước giải:
Gọi nFe = a mol ; nCu = b mol
⇒ 56a + 64b = 40 (1)
PTHH :
2Fe + 6H2SO4 → Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O
a 3a 1,5a (mol)
Cu + 2H2SO4 → CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
b 2b b (mol)
⇒ nSO2 = 1,5a + b =
15,68
22,4
= 0,7 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra : a = 0,12 ; b = 0,52
có : %mFe =
0,12.56
40
.100% = 16,8%
⇒ %mCu = 100% - 16,8% = 83,2%
Theo PT , có nH2SO4 = 3a + 2b = 0,12.3 + 0,52.2 = 1,4 mol
⇒ mH2SO4 = 1,4.98 = 137,2 gam
⇒ m dung dịch H2SO4 =
137,2
98
= 140 gam
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Sửa đề : 200ml thành 200g
a) \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\) (1)
\(3H_2+Fe_2O_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\) (2)
b) 1/2 lượng khí B: \(n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}=3.\dfrac{38,4}{160}=0,72\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=0,72.2=1,44\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=1,44\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(C\%H_2SO_4=\dfrac{1,44.98}{200}.100=70,56\%\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=0,96\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Al}=0,96.27=25,92\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 13 :
\(a)n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{9,6}{160} = 0,06(mol)\\ Fe_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2FeCl_3 + 3H_2O\\ n_{HCl} = 6n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,36(mol)\\ C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,36.36,5}{150}.100\% = 8,76\%\\ \Rightarrow X = 8,76 b) n_{FeCl_3} = 2n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,12(mol)\\ m_{FeCl_3} = 0,12.162,5 =19,5(gam)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a)
$Fe +H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
$FeSO_4 + 2KOH \to Fe(OH)_2 + K_2SO_4$
$4Fe(OH)_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe_2O_3 + 4H_2O$
$n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{20}{160} = 0,125(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{Fe} = 2n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,25(mol)$
$m_{Fe} = 0,25.56 = 14(gam)$
b)
$n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = 0,25(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,25.22,4 = 5,6(lít)$
c)
$n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{Fe} = 0,25(mol)$
$V_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,25}{1} = 0,25(lít) = 250(ml)$
\(PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ FeSO_4+2KOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+K_2SO_4\\4 Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O\)
\(a.n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{20}{160}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Fe}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{4}{2}.0,125=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Fe}=0,25.56=14\left(g\right)\\ b.V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\\ c.V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25}{1}=0,25\left(l\right)=250\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{46,4}{232}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\PTHH:Fe_3O_4+4H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+4H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=4.0,2=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Fe_3O_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,2.400=80\left(g\right)\\ m_{FeSO_4}=152.0,2=30,4\left(g\right)\\ b,C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,8.98}{500}.100\%=15,68\%\)
\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{46,4}{232}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe_3O_4+4H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+4H_2O\)
a, Theo PT: \(n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Fe_3O_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ mFeSO4 = 0,2.152 = 30,4 (g)
mFe2(SO4)3 = 0,2.400 = 80 (g)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2SO_4}=4n_{Fe_3O_4}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,8.18=14,4\left(g\right)\)
b, \(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,8.98}{500}.100\%=15,68\%\)