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B=(3+3^5)+(3^2+3^6)+...+(3^1987+3^1991)
B=3*(1+3^4)+3^2*(1+3^4)+...+3^1987*(1+3^4)
B=3*82+3^2*82+...+3^1987*82
B=82*(3+3^2+...+3^1987)
B=41*2*(3+3^2+...+3^1987)
Nên B chia hết cho 41
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
E = 1 + 3 + 32 + 33 +.....+3119
E = ( 1 + 3 + 32) +....+ ( 3117 + 3118+ 3119)
E = 13 + ......+ 3117.( 1 + 3 + 32)
E = 13 +.....+ 3117 . 13
E = 13. ( 30 + ....+ 3117)
13 ⋮ 13 ⇒ 13. (30 +....+3117) ⋮ 13 ⇒ E = 1 +3+32+ ....+3119⋮13(đpcm)
=\(\left(1+3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4+3^5\right)+...+\left(3^{117}+3^{118}+3^{119}\right)\)
= \(13+3^3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^{117}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)
=\(13+3^3.13+...+3^{117}.13\)
=\(13.\left(1+3^2+...+3^{117}\right)\) chia hết cho 13
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Do A có 30 số hạng, ta nhóm 3 số thành 1 nhóm nên vừa đủ 10 nhóm và không dư số nào.
A = 2 + 2^2 + 2^3 + 2^4 + ... + 2^30
= (2+2^2+2^3)+(2^4+2^5+2^6)+...+(2^28+2^29+2^30)
= 2(1+2+2^2)+2^4(1+2+2^2)+...+2^28(1+2+2^2)
= 2.7 + 2^4 .7 + ... + 2^28 .7
= 7(2+2^4+...+2^28) chia hết cho7 (DPCM)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(B=3+3^2+...+3^{90}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\left(3+3^2\right)+...+\left(3^{89}+3^{90}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\left(3+3^2\right)+...+3^{88}.\left(3+3^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=12+...+3^{88}.12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=12.\left(1+...+3^{88}\right)⋮4\left(đpcm\right)\)
b)\(B=3+3^2+...+3^{90}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\left(3+3^2\right)+...+\left(3^{89}+3^{90}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\left(3+3^2\right)+...+3^{88}.\left(3+3^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=12+...+3^{88}.12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=12.\left(1+...+3^{88}\right)⋮12\left(đpcm\right)\)
c) \(B=3+3^2+...+3^{90}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^{88}+3^{89}+3^{90}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{87}.\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=39+...+3^{87}.39\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=39.\left(1+..+3^{87}\right)⋮39\left(đpcm\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(B=2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{121}\\=(2^2+2^3)+(2^4+2^5)+(2^6+2^7)+...+(2^{120}+2^{121})\\=2^2\cdot(1+2)+2^4\cdot(1+2)+2^6\cdot(1+2)+...+2^{120}\cdot(1+2)\\=2^2\cdot3+2^4\cdot3+2^6\cdot3+...+2^{120}\cdot3\\=3\cdot(2^2+2^4+2^6+...+2^{120})\)
Vì \(3\cdot(2^2+2^4+2^6+...+2^{120})\vdots3\)
nên \(B\vdots3\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a,n2+3n+3 chia hết cho n+1
=>n2+n+2n+2+1 chia hết cho n+1
=>n(n+1)+2(n+1)+1 chia hết cho n+1
=>1 chia hết cho n+1
=>n+1 E Ư(1)={1;-1}
=>n E {0;-2}
b, n2+4n+2 chia hết cho n+2
=>n2+2n+2n+4-2 chia hết cho n+2
=>n(n+2)+2(n+2)-2 chia hết cho n+2
=>2 chia hết cho n+2
=>n+2 E Ư(2)={1;-1;2;-2}
=>n E {-1;-3;0;-4}
c, n2-2n+3 chia hết cho n-1
=>n2-n-n+1+4 chia hết cho n-1
=>n(n-1)-(n-1)+4 chia hết cho n-1
=>4 chia hết cho n-1
=>n-1 E Ư(4)={1;-1;2;-2;4;-4}
=>n E {2;0;3;-1;5;-3}