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a: \(F=-\left(2x-y\right)^3-x\left(2x-y\right)^2-y^3\)
\(=-\left(2x-y\right)^2\cdot\left[2x-y+x\right]-y^3\)
\(=-\left(2x-y\right)^2\cdot\left(3x-y\right)-y^3\)
\(=\left(-4x^2+4xy-y^2\right)\left(3x-y\right)-y^3\)
\(=-12x^3+4x^2y+12x^2y-4xy^2-3xy^2+y^3-y^3\)
\(=-12x^3+16x^2y-7xy^2\)
\(\left(x-2\right)^2+y^2=0\)
mà \(\left(x-2\right)^2+y^2>=0\forall x,y\)
nên dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=2 và y=0
Thay x=2 và y=0 vào F, ta được:
\(F=-12\cdot2^3+16\cdot2^2\cdot0-7\cdot2\cdot0^2\)
\(=-12\cdot2^3\)
\(=-12\cdot8=-96\)
b: \(G=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+3\left(2x-y\right)\left(4x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=x^3+y^3+3\left(2x-y\right)\left[\left(2x\right)^2+2x\cdot y+y^2\right]\)
\(=x^3+y^3+3\left(8x^3-y^3\right)\)
\(=x^3+y^3+24x^3-3y^3\)
\(=25x^3-2y^3\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=2\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-3\\x=2-y=2-\left(-3\right)=2+3=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay x=5 và y=-3 vào G, ta được:
\(G=25\cdot5^3-2\cdot\left(-3\right)^3\)
\(=25\cdot125-2\cdot\left(-27\right)\)
\(=3125+54=3179\)
c: \(H=\left(x+3y\right)\left(x^2-3xy+9y^2\right)+\left(3x-y\right)\left(9x^2+3xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3y\right)\left[x^2-x\cdot3y+\left(3y\right)^2\right]+\left(3x-y\right)\left[\left(3x\right)^2+3x\cdot y+y^2\right]\)
\(=x^3+27y^3+27x^3-y^3\)
\(=28x^3-26y^3\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-y=5\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=3x-5=3\cdot2-5=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay x=2 và y=1 vào H, ta được:
\(H=28\cdot2^3-26\cdot1^3\)
\(=28\cdot8-26\)
=198
Bài 2: Tính giá trị của biểu thức sau:
\(16x^2-y^2=\left(4x+y\right)\left(4x-y\right)\)
Thay \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=87\\y=13\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(4.87+13\right)\left(4.87-13\right)=361.335=120935\)
Bài 4: Tìm x
a) \(9x^2+x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(9x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\9x+1=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=\frac{-1}{9}\end{cases}}\)
b) \(27x^3+x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(27x^2+1=0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\27x^2+1=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\27x^2=\left(-1\right)\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x^2=\frac{-1}{27}\end{cases}}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{-1}{27}\) loại vì \(x^2\ge0\forall x\)
Vậy \(x=0\)
Bài 1:
\(B=\dfrac{1}{9}x^2-2x+9\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}x\right)^2-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}x\cdot3+3^2=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-3\right)^2\)
\(C=x^3-9x^2+27x-27=\left(x-3\right)^3\)
\(D=27x^3+27x^2+9x+1=\left(3x+1\right)^3\)
\(E=\left(x-2y\right)^3\)
\(D=50^2-49.51\)
\(\Leftrightarrow D=50^2-\left(50-1\right)\left(50+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow D=50^2-50^2+1=1\)
\(C=39^2+78.61+61^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=39^2+2.39.61+61^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=\left(39+61\right)^2=100^2=10000\)
A = (3x + y)^2 - 3y . ( 2x - 1/3y )
=2y2+9x2
B = ( x - 2 )^2 + ( x + 2 )^2 - 2. ( x - 2 ) ( x + 2)
=24
C = ( x - y ) ( x^2 + xy + y^2 ) + 2y^3
=y3+x3
D = ( x -5 ) ( x+ 5 ) -(x - 8 ) (x + 4)
=4x+7
E = (3x + 1 )^2 - 2 . ( 9x^2 - 1 ) + ( 3x - 1 ) ^2
=4
F = ( x - 3 ) ( x + 3 ) - ( x - 3 )^2
=6x-18
1) x2 + x - y2 + y = (x2 - y2) + (x + y) = (x - y)(x + y) + (x + y) = (x - y + 1)(x + y)
2) 4x2 - 9y2 + 4x - 6y = (4x2 - 9y2) + (4x - 6y) = (2x - 3y)(2x + 3y) + 2(2x - 3y) = (2x - 3y)(2x + 3y + 2)
3) x2 + x + y2 + y + 2xy = (x2 + 2xy + y2) + (x + y) = (x + y)2 + (x + y) = (x + y)(x + y + 1)
4) -x2 + 5x + 2xy - 5y - y2 = -(x2 - 2xy + y2) + (5x - 5y) = -(x - y)2 + 5(x - y) = (x - y)(y - x + 5)
5) x2 - y2 + 2x + 1 = (x2 + 2x + 1) - y2 = (x + 1)2 - y2 = (x + 1 + y)(x - y + 1)
6) x2 - 1 - y2 + 2y = x2 - (y2 - 2y + 1) = x2 - (y - 1)2 = (x - y + 1)(x + y - 1)
7) x2 + 2xz - y2 + 2uy + z2 - u2 =(x2 + 2xz + z2) - (y2 - 2uy + u2) = (x + z)2 - (y - u)2 = (x + z - y + u)(x + z + y - u)
8) x3 + 3x2y + x + 3xy2 + y + y3 = (x3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3) + (x + y) = (x + y)3 + (x + y) = (x + y)(x2 + 2xy + y2 + 1)
9) x3 + y(1 - 3x2) + x(3y2 - 1) - y3 = x3 + y - 3x2y + 3xy2 - x - y3 = (x3 - 3x2y + 3xy2 - y3) - (x - y) = (x - y)3 - (x - y) = (x - y)(x2 - 2xy+y2-1)
\(3\left(x-\dfrac{1}{3}y\right)\left(9x^2+3xy+y^2\right)+\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)-27x^3\)
\(=\left(3x-y\right)\left(9x^2+3xy+y^2\right)+\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)-27x^3\)
\(=27x^3-y^3+x^3+y^3-27x^3\)
\(=x^3\)