Ta có : \(a^2-a=a\left(a-1\right)\)

Xét :

• \(a=2k\left(k\inℕ\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a\left(a-1\right)=2k\left(2k-1\right)⋮2\)

• \(a=2k+1\left(k\inℕ\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a\left(a-1\right)=\left(2k+1\right)\left(2k+1-1\right)=\left(2k+1\right)2k⋮2\)

Suy ra : \(a\left(a-1\right)⋮2\forall a\inℕ\)

hay \(a^2-a⋮2\forall a\inℕ\)

\(\left(x-1\right)^2-1+x^2=\left(1-x\right).\left(x+3\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1-1+x^2=-x^2-2x+3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x^2+x^2-2x+2x=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm1\)

Ta có: 

\(1-\frac{1}{1+2+...+k}=1-\frac{1}{\frac{k\left(k+1\right)}{2}}=\frac{k\left(k+1\right)-2}{k\left(k+1\right)}=\frac{\left(k-1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{k\left(k+1\right)}\)

Áp dụng biểu thức trên ta được: 

\(P=\left(1-\frac{1}{1+2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{1+2+3}\right)...\left(1-\frac{1}{1+2+3+...+2018}\right)\)

\(P=\frac{1.4}{2.3}.\frac{2.5}{3.4}.\frac{3.6}{4.5}.....\frac{2017.2020}{2018.2019}\)

\(P=\frac{1}{2018}.\frac{2020}{3}=\frac{1010}{3027}\)

\(x-y-z+3=0\Leftrightarrow x=y+z-3\)

\(x^2-y^2-z^2=\left(y+z-3\right)^2-y^2-z^2=y^2+z^2+9+2yz-6y-6z-y^2-z^2\)

\(=2yz-6y-6z+9=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow yz-3y-3z+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y-3\right)\left(z-3\right)=5=1.5=\left(-1\right).\left(-5\right)\)

Xét bảng: 

Ta có 

\(MN\perp BC;AB\perp BC\) => MN//AB \(\Rightarrow\frac{MN}{AB}=\frac{CM}{CA}\) (Talet trong tam giác)

\(MP\perp AD;CD\perp AD\) => MP//CD \(\Rightarrow\frac{MP}{CD}=\frac{AM}{CA}\) (Talet trong tam giác)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{MN}{AB}+\frac{MP}{CD}=\frac{CM}{CA}+\frac{AM}{CA}=\frac{CA}{CA}=1\left(dpcm\right)\)

\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)(vì \(a+b+c\ne0\))

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)

\(N=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\)