Cho 3,25g kẽm, tác dụng vừa đủ với dung dịch HCl, sản phẩm thu được là 2H₂ a) Tính Vh thu được sau pản ứng, tính thể tích khi ở tỉ lệ thu được sau pản ứng b) Tính khối lượng thu được sau pản ứng? ❤😊
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
trc p/u : 0,1 0,4
p/u : 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
Sau : 0 0,2 0,1 0,1
a, ----> Sau p/u HCl dư
\(m_{HCldư}=0,2.26,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{200.7,3}{100}=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
b, \(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddZnCl_2}=6,5+200-\left(0,1.2\right)=206,3\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{13,6}{206,3}.100\%\approx6,59\%\)
c, \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
Thể tích H2 thu được thực tế :
\(V_{H_2tt}=2,24.90\%=2,016\left(l\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\\ m_{FeCl_2}=127.0,1=12,7\left(g\right)\)
Cái khí ở dạng phân tử nên là H2 chứ không phải H em nha!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a)
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
b) nZn = \(\dfrac{3,5}{65}\)=\(\dfrac{7}{130}\) mol
Theo tỉ lệ phản ứng => nH2 = nZn= \(\dfrac{7}{130}\)mol
<=> V H2 = \(\dfrac{7}{130}\).22,4 = 1,206 lít
c) nZnCl2 = nZn => mZnCl2 = \(\dfrac{7}{130}\).136= 7,32 gam
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
a: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{52}{65}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n_{HCl}=1.6\left(mol\right)\)
hay \(n_{H_2}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.8\cdot22.4=17.92\left(lít\right)\)
b: \(m_{ZnCl_2}=0.8\cdot136=108.8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0.8\cdot2=1.6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{52}{65}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,8.22,4=17,92\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{HCl}=2.0,8=1,6\left(mol\right)\\ C1:m_{ZnCl_2}=0,8.136=108,8\left(g\right);m_{H_2}=0,8.2=1,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{thu.được}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}=108,8+1,6=110,4\left(g\right)\\ C2:m_{HCl}=1,6.36,5=58,4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{thu.được}=m_{tham.gia}=m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}=52+58,4=110,4\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Câu 1:
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{16,25}{65}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,25.24,79=6,1975\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{10\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\)
d, \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,25.136}{16,25+182,5-0,25.2}.100\%\approx17,15\%\)
Câu 2:
a, \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
c, \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{40}{40}=1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(l\right)\)
d, \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,25}=2\left(M\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,65}{65}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,01--->0,02---->0,01---->0,01
\(V_{H_2}=0,01.22,4=0,224\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{ZnCl_2}=0,01.136=1,36\left(g\right)\\ V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,02}{2}=0,01\left(l\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{150.18,25}{100}=27,375\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{27,375}{36,5}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
trc p/u : 0,3 0,75
p/u: 0,3 0,6 0,3 0,3
sau p/u : 0 0,15 0,3 0,3
---> Sau p/ư HCl dư
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(b,m_{ddHCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(c,m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3.136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddZnCl_2}=19,5+150-\left(0,3.2\right)=168,9\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{40,8}{168,9}.100\%\approx24,16\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,15.4=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,3.65=19,5\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,15}=2\left(M\right)\)
\(PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,05mol\)
- Theo PTHH : \(n_{H2}=n_{Zn}=0,05mol\)
\(\Rightarrow V=n.22,4=1,12l\)
b, Theo PTHH : \(n_{ZnCl2}=n_{Zn}=0,05mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl2}=6,8g\)