Biết rằng s=1+2.3+\(3.3^2+...+11.3^{10}\)=a+\(\dfrac{21.3^b}{4}\), với a là số hữu tỉ, b là số nguyên. Tính \(P=a+\dfrac{b}{4}\)
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Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\text{=}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2+2\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{ac}+\dfrac{1}{bc}\right)\)
\(\text{=}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2+2.\dfrac{c+b-a}{abc}\)
\(\text{=}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2\left(do-a\text{=}b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}}\text{=}\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2}\)
\(\text{=}\left|\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right|\)
Do \(a,b,c\) là các số hữu tỉ khác 0 nên
\(\left|\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right|\) là một số hữu tỉ
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
Ta có :
P = \(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2ac}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}-\dfrac{1}{2bc}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2abc}\left(b+c-a\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2}=\left|\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right|\) (do a = b + c)
=> P là số hữu tỉ với a,b,c \(\ne0\)
P =
(do a = b + c)
=> P là số hữu tỉ với a,b,c
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Ta có: \(a=b+c\Rightarrow c=a-b\)
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2c^2+a^2c^2+a^2b^2}{a^2b^2c^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2\left(a-b\right)^2+a^2\left(a-b\right)^2+a^2b^2}{a^2b^2c^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{b^4+a^2b^2-2ab^3+a^4+a^2b^2-2a^3b+a^2b^2}{a^2b^2c^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2-2ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)+a^2b^2}{a^2b^2c^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)^2}{a^2b^2c^2}}=\left|\dfrac{a^2+b^2-ab}{abc}\right|\)
=> Là một số hữu tỉ do a,b,c là số hữu tỉ
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a) Từ giả thiết : \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\text{=}\dfrac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab\text{=}2bc+2ca\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab-2bc-2ca\text{=}0\)
Ta xét : \(\left(a+b-c\right)^2\text{=}a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-2bc-2ca\)
\(\text{=}a^2+b^2+c^2\)
Do đó : \(A\text{=}\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}\text{=}\sqrt{\left(a+b-c\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\text{=}a+b-c\)
Vì a;b;c là các số hữu tỉ suy ra : đpcm
b) Đặt : \(a\text{=}\dfrac{1}{x-y};b\text{=}\dfrac{1}{y-x};c\text{=}\dfrac{1}{z-x}\)
Do đó : \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\text{=}\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Ta có : \(B\text{=}\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}}\)
Từ đây ta thấy giống phần a nên :
\(B\text{=}a+b-c\)
\(B\text{=}\dfrac{1}{x-y}+\dfrac{1}{y-z}-\dfrac{1}{z-x}\)
Suy ra : đpcm.
Mình bổ sung đề phần b cần phải có điều kiện của x;y;z nha bạn.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2\left(a-b\right)^2+a^2\left(a-b\right)^2+a^2b^2}{a^2b^2\left(a-b\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+a^2\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+a^2b^2}{a^2b^2\left(a-b\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{b^4+a^4-2ab^3-2a^3b+3a^2b^2}{a^2b^2\left(a-b\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(b^2+a^2\right)^2-2ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)+a^2b^2}{a^2b^2\left(a-b\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(b^2+a^2-ab\right)}{a^2b^2\left(a-b\right)^2}}=\left|\dfrac{a^2+b^2-ab}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\right|\)
Do a,b là số hữu tỉ\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left|\dfrac{a^2+b^2-ab}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\right|\) là số hữu tỉ hay A là số hữu tỉ
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\(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}=\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2-2.\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2-2.\dfrac{a+b+c}{abc}=\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2-2.\dfrac{0}{abc}=\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n-1\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(2n-1\right)^2\left(2n+1\right)^2+4\left(2n-1\right)^2+4\left(2n+1\right)^2}{4\left(2n-1\right)^2\left(2n+1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(4n^2-1\right)^2+4\left(4n^2-4n+1\right)+4\left(4n^2+4n+1\right)}{4\left(2n-1\right)^2\left(2n+1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{16n^4+24n^2+9}{4\left(2n-1\right)^2\left(2n+1\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(4n^2+3\right)^2}{4\left(2n-1\right)^2\left(2n+1\right)^2}}=\dfrac{4n^2+3}{2\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(4n^2-1\right)+4}{2\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{2}{\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2n-1}-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\)
Do đó:
\(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{399}-\dfrac{1}{401}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}.200+1-\dfrac{1}{401}=\dfrac{40500}{401}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=400\)
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Câu 1:
Thay \(x=-12\) vào \(\left|x-2\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|-12-2\right|=\left|-14\right|=14\)
Câu 2: Chọn phương án A.
Câu 3:
\(\left|-120\right|+\left|20\right|=120+20=140\)
\(S=1.3^0+2.3^1+3.3^2+...+11.3^{10}\)
\(3S=1.3^1+2.3^2+...+11.3^{11}\)
\(\Rightarrow S-3S=1+3^1+3^2+...+3^{10}-11.3^{11}\)
\(\Rightarrow-2S=1.\dfrac{3^{11}-1}{3-1}-11.3^{11}\)
\(\Rightarrow-2S=\dfrac{1}{2}.3^{11}-\dfrac{1}{2}-11.3^{11}\)
\(\Rightarrow-2S=-\dfrac{21.3^{11}+1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{21.3^{11}}{4}\)