Tìm GTNN của biểu thức A=\(\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
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Đặt \(x+3=t\ne0\Rightarrow x=t-3\)
\(A=\dfrac{\left(t+2\right)\left(t-4\right)}{t^2}=\dfrac{t^2-2t-8}{t^2}=-\dfrac{8}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1=-8\left(\dfrac{1}{t}+\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{8}\le\dfrac{9}{8}\)
\(A_{max}=\dfrac{9}{8}\) khi \(t=-8\) hay \(x=-11\)
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Gợi ý: \(\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^4\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có \(a^4+b^4\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^4}{8}\). Áp dụng cho biểu thức A, suy ra \(A\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+y^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+2\right)^4}{8}\). Ta tìm GTNN của \(P=x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+y^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+2\). Ta có
\(P=x^2+\dfrac{1}{16x^2}+y^2+\dfrac{1}{16y^2}+\dfrac{15}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)+2\)
\(P\ge2\sqrt{x^2.\dfrac{1}{16x^2}}+2\sqrt{y^2.\dfrac{1}{16y^2}}+\dfrac{15}{16}\left(\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2}{2}\right)+2\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{15}{16}.\left(\dfrac{4^2}{2}\right)+2\) \(=\dfrac{21}{2}\). Do đó \(P\ge\dfrac{21}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow A\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{17}{2}+2\right)^4}{8}\). Vậy GTNN của A là \(\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{17}{2}+2\right)^4}{8}\), ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2+\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{2-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{-2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}=\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt{x}+2}\\ P=-\dfrac{3}{5}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\dfrac{3}{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x}+6=10\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{4}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{16}{9}\left(tm\right)\)
\(P=-\dfrac{3}{5}\) sao suy ra đc \(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\dfrac{3}{5}\) thế
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{0;1;-1\right\}\)
b: \(A=\dfrac{x^2+x}{x^2-2x+1}:\left(\dfrac{x+1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x-1}+\dfrac{2-x^2}{x^2-x}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)^2}:\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)+x+2-x^2}{x\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\cdot\dfrac{x\left(x-1\right)}{x^2-1+x+2-x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2}{x-1}\)
c: \(A=\dfrac{x^2}{x-1}=\dfrac{x^2-1+1}{x-1}=x+1+\dfrac{1}{x-1}\)
=>\(A=x-1+\dfrac{1}{x-1}+2>=2\cdot\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\cdot\dfrac{1}{x-1}}+2=2+2=4\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi (x-1)2=1
=>x-1=1 hoặc x-1=-1
=>x=0(loại) hoặc x=2(nhận)
Vậy: \(A_{min}=4\) khi x=2
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\(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{5}{4}\ge\dfrac{5}{4}\)
nên \(\left[\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{5}{4}\right]^2\ge\dfrac{25}{16}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-1/2
Có \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{5}{4}\ge\dfrac{5}{4}\forall x\)
\(A=\left[\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{5}{4}\right]^2\ge\left(\dfrac{5}{4}\right)^2=\dfrac{25}{16}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy min \(A=\dfrac{25}{16}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)