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a) Giả sử \(\left( {{x_n}} \right)\) là dãy số bất kì, \({x_n} > - 1\) và \({x_n} \to - 1\). Khi đó \(f\left( {{x_n}} \right) = x_n^2 + 2\)
Ta có: \(\lim f\left( {{x_n}} \right) = \lim \left( {x_n^2 + 2} \right) = \lim x_n^2 + \lim 2 = {\left( { - 1} \right)^2} + 2 = 3\)
Vậy \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - {1^ + }} f\left( x \right) = 3\).
Giả sử \(\left( {{x_n}} \right)\) là dãy số bất kì, \({x_n} < - 1\) và \({x_n} \to - 1\). Khi đó \(f\left( {{x_n}} \right) = 1 - 2{x_n}\).
Ta có: \(\lim f\left( {{x_n}} \right) = \lim \left( {1 - 2{x_n}} \right) = \lim 1 - \lim \left( {2{x_n}} \right) = \lim 1 - 2\lim {x_n} = 1 - 2.\left( { - 1} \right) = 3\)
Vậy \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - {1^ - }} f\left( x \right) = 3\).
b) Vì \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - {1^ + }} f\left( x \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - {1^ - }} {\rm{ }}f\left( x \right) = 3\) nên \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - 1} f\left( x \right) = 3\).
1. Áp dụng quy tắc L'Hopital
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{\sqrt{x+1}-1}{f\left(0\right)-f\left(x\right)}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x+1}}}{-f'\left(0\right)}=-\dfrac{1}{6}\)
2.
\(g'\left(x\right)=2x.f'\left(\sqrt{x^2+4}\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\f'\left(\sqrt{x^2+4}\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\\sqrt{x^2+4}=1\\\sqrt{x^2+4}=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
2 pt cuối đều vô nghiệm nên \(g'\left(x\right)=0\) có đúng 1 nghiệm
\(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {1^ + }} f\left( x \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {1^ + }} x = 1\).
\(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {1^ - }} f\left( x \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {1^ - }} \left( { - {x^2}} \right) = - {1^2} = - 1\).
Vì \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {1^ + }} f\left( x \right) \ne \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {1^ - }} {\rm{ }}f\left( x \right)\) nên không tồn tại \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} f\left( x \right)\).
Vì \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {2^ - }} f\left( x \right) = 3 \ne \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {2^ + }} f\left( x \right) = 5\) nên không tồn tại giới hạn \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 2} f\left( x \right)\)
a) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} f\left( x \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left( {{x^2} - 1} \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} {x^2} - \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} 1 = {1^2} - 1 = 0\)
\(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} g\left( x \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left( {x + 1} \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} x + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} 1 = 1 + 1 = 2\)
b) \(\begin{array}{l}\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left[ {f\left( x \right) + g\left( x \right)} \right] = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left( {{x^2} + x} \right) = {1^2} + 1 = 2\\\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} f\left( x \right) + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} g\left( x \right) = 0 + 2 = 2\\ \Rightarrow \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left[ {f\left( x \right) + g\left( x \right)} \right] = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} f\left( x \right) + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} g\left( x \right).\end{array}\)
c) \(\begin{array}{l}\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left[ {f\left( x \right) - g\left( x \right)} \right] = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left( {{x^2} - x - 2} \right) = {1^2} - 1 - 2 = - 2\\\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} f\left( x \right) - \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} g\left( x \right) = 0 - 2 = - 2\\ \Rightarrow \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left[ {f\left( x \right) - g\left( x \right)} \right] = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} f\left( x \right) - \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} g\left( x \right).\end{array}\)
d) \(\begin{array}{l}\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left[ {f\left( x \right).g\left( x \right)} \right] = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left[ {\left( {{x^2} - 1} \right)\left( {x + 1} \right)} \right] = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left( {{x^3} + {x^2} - x - 1} \right) = {1^3} + {1^2} - 1 - 1 = 0\\\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} f\left( x \right).\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} g\left( x \right) = 0.2 = 0\\ \Rightarrow \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left[ {f\left( x \right).g\left( x \right)} \right] = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} f\left( x \right).\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} g\left( x \right).\end{array}\)
e) \(\begin{array}{l}\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \frac{{f\left( x \right)}}{{g\left( x \right)}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \frac{{{x^2} - 1}}{{x + 1}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \frac{{\left( {x - 1} \right)\left( {x + 1} \right)}}{{x + 1}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left( {x - 1} \right) = 1 - 1 = 0\\\frac{{\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} f\left( x \right)}}{{\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} g\left( x \right)}} = \frac{0}{2} = 0\\ \Rightarrow \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \frac{{f\left( x \right)}}{{g\left( x \right)}} = \frac{{\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} f\left( x \right)}}{{\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} g\left( x \right)}}.\end{array}\)
1: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow4}\dfrac{1-x}{\left(x-4\right)^2}=-\infty\)
vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow4}1-x=1-4=-3< 0\\\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow4}\left(x-4\right)^2=\left(4-4\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
2: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^+}\dfrac{2x-1}{x-3}=+\infty\)
vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^+}2x-1=2\cdot3-1=5>0\\\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^+}x-3=3-3>0\end{matrix}\right.\) và x-3>0
3: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2^+}\dfrac{-2x+1}{x+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-2\cdot2+1}{2+2}=\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
4: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1^-}\dfrac{3x-1}{x+1}=\dfrac{3\cdot1-1}{1+1}=\dfrac{2}{2}=1\)
a) \(\lim \left[ {f\left( {{x_n}} \right) + g\left( {{x_n}} \right)} \right] = \lim \left( {2{x_n} + \frac{{{x_n}}}{{{x_n} + 1}}} \right) = 2\lim {x_n} + \lim \frac{{{x_n}}}{{{x_n} + 1}} = 2.1 + \frac{1}{{1 + 1}} = \frac{5}{2}\)
b) Vì \(\lim \left[ {f\left( {{x_n}} \right) + g\left( {{x_n}} \right)} \right] = \frac{5}{2}\) nên \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left[ {f\left( x \right) + g\left( x \right)} \right] = \frac{5}{2}\) (1).
Ta có: \(\lim {\rm{ }}f\left( {{x_n}} \right) = \lim 2{x_n} = 2\lim {x_n} = 2.1 = 2 \Rightarrow \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} {\rm{ }}f\left( x \right) = 2\)
\(\lim g\left( {{x_n}} \right) = \lim \frac{{{x_n}}}{{{x_n} + 1}} = \lim \frac{{{x_n}}}{{{x_n} + 1}} = \frac{1}{{1 + 1}} = \frac{1}{2} \Rightarrow \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} {\rm{ }}g\left( x \right) = \frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} {\rm{ }}f\left( x \right) + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} g\left( x \right) = 2 + \frac{1}{2} = \frac{5}{2}\) (2).
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \left[ {f\left( x \right) + g\left( x \right)} \right] = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} {\rm{ }}f\left( x \right) + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} g\left( x \right)\)
Chọn C.
Hàm số đã cho các định trên R \ {2}.
Ta có 
Đặt 
khi x < 3 (m là tham số, m > 0).
Ta có 
.
Để hàm số f(x) có giới hạn khi x → 3 thì 
.
Đáp án A