Cmr nếu ax3=by3=cz3 và \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=1\) thì \(\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}=\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}\)
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Đặt \(ax^3=by^3=cz^3=k\).
Khi đó ta có:
\(VT=\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}=\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{k}{x}+\dfrac{k}{y}+\dfrac{k}{z}}=\sqrt[3]{k\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)}=\sqrt[3]{k}\).
\(VP=\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{k}{x^3}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{k}{y^3}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{k}{z^3}}=\sqrt[3]{k}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\sqrt[3]{k}\).
Từ đó ta có đpcm.
Ta có: ax3 = \(\dfrac{ax^2}{\dfrac{1}{x}}\)
Tương tự ta có: ax3 = by3 = cz3
hay \(\dfrac{ax^2}{\dfrac{1}{x}}=\dfrac{by^2}{\dfrac{1}{y}}=\dfrac{cz^2}{\dfrac{1}{z}}=\dfrac{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}{\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}}\) = ax2 + by2 + cz2 (T/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}=\sqrt[3]{ax^3}=\sqrt[3]{by^3}=\sqrt[3]{cz^3}\)
= \(\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{a}}{\dfrac{1}{x}}=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{b}}{\dfrac{1}{y}}=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{c}}{\dfrac{1}{z}}=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}}{\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}}=\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}\) (đpcm)
Chúc bn học tốt!
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Bài này hình như có lần làm rồi :))
Đặt `ax^3=by^3=cz^3=k^3`
`=>a=k^3/x^3,b=k^3/y^3,c=k^3/z^3`
`=>root{3}{a}+root{3}{b}+root{3}{c}=k/x+k/y+k/z=k(1/x+1/y+1/z)=k(1)`
`**:ax^2+by^2+cz^2=(ax^3)/x+(by^3)/y+(cz^3)/z=k^3/x+k^3/y+k^3/z=k^3(1/x+1/y+1/z)=k^3`
`=>root{3}{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}=k(2)`
`(1)(2)=>ĐPCM`
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Từ giả thiết 1, ta suy ra:
\(ax^2=\dfrac{by^3}{x}=\dfrac{cz^3}{x}\)
\(by^2=\dfrac{cz^3}{y}=\dfrac{ax^3}{y}\)
\(cz^2=\dfrac{ax^3}{z}=\dfrac{by^3}{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow ax^2+by^2+cz^2=ax^3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=ax^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}=x\sqrt[3]{a}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}\left(\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}\right)=\sqrt[3]{a}\)(1)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{y}\left(\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}\right)=\sqrt[3]{b}\)(2)
\(\dfrac{1}{z}\left(\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}\right)=\sqrt[3]{c}\)(3)
Cộng các đẳng thức (1),(2),(3) vế theo vế, ta được điều phải chứng minh
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(ax^3=by^3=cz^3\Rightarrow\dfrac{ax^2}{\dfrac{1}{x}}=\dfrac{by^2}{\dfrac{1}{y}}=\dfrac{cz^2}{\dfrac{1}{z}}=\dfrac{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}{\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}}=ax^2+by^2+cz^2\)
=> \(\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}=\sqrt[3]{ax^3}=\sqrt[3]{by^3}=\sqrt[3]{cz^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{a}}{\dfrac{1}{x}}=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{b}}{\dfrac{1}{y}}=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{c}}{\dfrac{1}{z}}=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}}{\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}}=\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}.\)
Vay \(\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}=\)\(\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có \(ax^3=by^3=cz^3\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ax^2}{\dfrac{1}{x}}=\dfrac{by^2}{\dfrac{1}{y}}=\dfrac{cz^2}{\dfrac{1}{z}}=\dfrac{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}{\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}}=ax^2+by^2+cz^2\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}=\sqrt[3]{ax^3}=\sqrt[3]{by^3}=\sqrt[3]{cz^3}=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{a}}{\dfrac{1}{x}}+\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{b}}{\dfrac{1}{y}}+\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{c}}{\dfrac{1}{z}}=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}}{\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}}=\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}\)Vậy \(\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}=\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
đặt \(ax^3=by^3=cz^3=k^3\) thì \(a=\frac{k^3}{x^3};b=\frac{k^3}{y^3};c=\frac{k^3}{z^3}\)
\(\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}=\frac{k}{x}+\frac{k}{y}+\frac{k}{z}=k\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=k\)
Mặt khác : \(ax^2+by^2+cz^2=\frac{ax^3}{x}+\frac{by^3}{y}+\frac{cz^3}{z}=\frac{k^3}{x}+\frac{k^3}{y}+\frac{k^3}{z}=k^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}=k\)
Do đó , ta có đpcm
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ĐẶT: T= \(\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}=\sqrt[3]{\frac{ax^3}{x}+\frac{by^3}{y}+\frac{cz^3}{z}}=\sqrt[3]{ax^3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}=x\sqrt[3]{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{a}=\frac{T}{x}\)
tuowng tự ta đc \(\sqrt[3]{b}=\frac{T}{y};\sqrt[3]{c}=\frac{T}{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}=\frac{T}{x}+\frac{T}{y}+\frac{T}{z}=T\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=T\left(dpcm\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt \(Q=\sqrt[3]{ax^{2\:}+by^2+cz^2}=\sqrt[3]{\frac{ax^3}{x}+\frac{by^3}{y}+\frac{cz^3}{z}}\)
\(=\sqrt[3]{\frac{ax^3}{x}+\frac{ax^3}{y}+\frac{ax^3}{z}}=\sqrt[3]{ax^3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}=\sqrt[3]{ax^{3\:}}=x\sqrt[3]{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{a}=\frac{Q}{x}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt[3]{b}=\frac{Q}{y}\\\sqrt[3]{c}=\frac{Q}{z}\end{cases}}\)
\(\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}=\frac{Q}{x}+\frac{Q}{y}+\frac{Q}{z}=Q\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=Q\)
Vậy....
Đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương với
\(ax^2+by^2+cz^2=\left(\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}\right)^3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(VT=\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\left(ax^2+by^2+cz^2\right)\)
\(\ge\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}\cdot\frac{1}{x}\cdot ax^2}+\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{y}\cdot\frac{1}{y}\cdot by^2}+\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{z}\cdot\frac{1}{z}\cdot cz^2}\right)^3\)
\(=\left(\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}\right)^3=VP\)
Do \(ax^2=by^2=cz^2\) nên đẳng thức có xảy ra
Lời giải:
Đặt \(ax^3=by^3=cz^3=k^3\)
\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a=\frac{k^3}{x^3}\\ b=\frac{k^3}{y^3}\\ c=\frac{k^3}{z^3}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} \sqrt[3]{a}=\frac{k}{x}\\ \sqrt[3]{b}=\frac{k}{y}\\ \sqrt[3]{c}=\frac{k}{z}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}=k\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=k(*)\)
Mặt khác theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(k^3=ax^3=by^3=cz^3=\frac{ax^2}{\frac{1}{x}}=\frac{by^2}{\frac{1}{y}}=\frac{cz^2}{\frac{1}{z}}=\frac{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}}=ax^2+by^2+cz^2\)
\(\Rightarrow k=\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}(**)\)
Từ $(*)$ và $(**)$ ta có đpcm.