phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử :
a) 2a2+5ab-3b2-7b-2
b)2x2-7xy+x+3y2-3y
mong a chị chỉ giúp e ạ
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b: Ta có: \(2x^2-7xy+3y^2+x-3y\)
\(=2x^2-6xy-xy+3y^2+x-3y\)
\(=2x\left(x-3y\right)-y\left(x-3y\right)+\left(x-3y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)\left(2x-y+1\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1: \(a^2-4b^2-2a-4b\)
\(=\left(a-2b\right)\left(a+2b\right)-2\left(a+2b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+2b\right)\left(a-2b-2\right)\)
2: \(x^3+2x^2-2x-1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+2x\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+3x+1\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(x^2\) + 4\(x\) - y2 + 4
= (\(x^2\) + 4\(x\) + 4) - y2
= (\(x\) + 2)2 - y2
= (\(x\) + 2 - y)(\(x\) + 2 + y)
b, 2\(x^2\) - 18
= 2.(\(x^2\) -9)
= 2.(\(x\) -3).(\(x\) + 3)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(6x^2-11x+3\)
\(=6x^2-9x-2x+3\)
\(=3x\left(2x-3\right)-\left(2x-3\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)\left(2x-3\right)\)
b) \(2x^2+3x-27\)
\(=2x^2-6x+9x-27\)
\(=2x\left(x-3\right)+9\left(x-3\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+9\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,=\left(xy-1-x-y\right)\left(xy-1+x+y\right)\\ b,Sửa:a^3+2a^2+2a+1\\ =a^3+a^2+a^2+a+a+1=\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)\\ c,=1-4a^2-a\left(a^2-4\right)=1-4a^2-a^3+4a\\ =\left(1-a\right)\left(1+a+a^2\right)+4a\left(1-a\right)\\ =\left(1-a\right)\left(1+5a+a^2\right)\\ d,=\left(a^2-a^2b^2\right)+\left(b^2-b\right)+\left(ab-a\right)\\ =a^2\left(1-b\right)\left(1+b\right)+b\left(b-1\right)+a\left(b-1\right)\\ =\left(b-1\right)\left(-a^2-ab+b+a\right)\\ =\left(b-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(1-a\right)\)
\(e,=x^2y+xy^2-yz\left(y+z\right)+x^2z-xz^2\\ =\left(x^2y+x^2z\right)+\left(xy^2-xz^2\right)-yz\left(y+z\right)\\ =x^2\left(y+z\right)+x\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)-yz\left(y+z\right)\\ =\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+xy-xz-yz\right)\\ =\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(f,=xyz-xy-yz-xz+x+y+z-1\\ =xy\left(z-1\right)-y\left(z-1\right)-x\left(z-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)\\ =\left(z-1\right)\left(xy-y-x+1\right)=\left(z-1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\)
b: \(2x^2-7xy+3y^2+x-3y\)
\(=2x^2-6xy-xy+3y^2+x-3y\)
\(=2x\left(x-3y\right)-y\left(x-3y\right)+\left(x-3y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)\left(2x-y+1\right)\)
Lời giải:
a.
Đặt $2a^2+5ab-3b^2-7b-2=(a+mb+n)(2a+pb+k)$ với $m,n,p,k$ nguyên
$\Leftrightarrow 2a^2+5ab-3b^2-7b-2=2a^2+ab(2m+p)+mpb^2+a(k+2n)+b(km+np)+kn$
Đồng nhất hệ số:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} 2m+p=5\\ mp=-3\\ k+2n=0\\ km+np=-7\\ kn=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải hpt này ta thu được $m=3; n=1; p=-1; k=-2$
Vậy $2a^2+5ab-3b^2-7b-2=(a+3b+1)(2a-b-2)$
b. Đa thức không phân tích được thành nhân tử