Ngtử khối A có tổng số các hạt là 32. hạt mang điện nhiều hơn hạt không mang điện là 12 hạt
a. hãy xác định số p, e, n
b. vẽ sơ đồ cấu tạo ngtử của A
c.so sánh ngtử Mg nặng hay nhẹ hơn, bằng bao nhiêu lần so với S
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Câu 1: Gọi số p, n, e lần lượt là P, N, E.
Theo đề ta có:
+) \(N-P=1\) (1)
+) \(\left(P+E\right)-N=10\)
mà p = e.
\(\Rightarrow2P-N=10\)
\(\Rightarrow N=-10+2P\) (2)
Thay (2) vào (1) ta được:
\(-10+2P-P=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P=11\)
ta tính được \(E=11;N=12\)
Vậy nguyên tử M = 34 (đvC).
đến đây nhìn lại thấy hỗn độn quá --
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2p+n=36\\2p-n=12\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}p=e=12\\n=12\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=Z+N=24\left(Cr\right)\)
Z=12
Gọi số hạt proton, số hạt electron, số hạt neutron lần lượt là p, e, n.
Ta có: p = e = z.
Theo bài cho, ta có: 2z + n = 36 (1)
Mà số hạt mang điện nhiều hơn số hạt không mang điện là 12 hạt:
2z - n = 12 (2)
Giải hệ (1,2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}z=12\\n=12\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy z = 12
A = 12 + 12 = 24.
\(a,^{39}_{19}K\\ b,^{35}_{17}Cl\\ c,^{40}_{20}Ca\\ d,^{88}_{38}Sr\)
Số p trong hạt nhân là : \(\frac{2,7234.10^{-18}}{1,6.10^{-19}}=17\)
Suy ra số e = số p = 17
Số n = 2.17-16 = 18
Kí hiệu nguyên tử X là 3517X
ai jup mình vs!!! lời giải cụ thể xíu lun nha
thank you
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2p+n=10\\2p=1,5n\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}p=e=3\\n=4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\) Nguyên tố N
Z=3hạt
A=Z+N=7hạt
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}p+e+n=60\\p=e\\p=n\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}p=e=20\\n=20\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ Y là canxi (Ca)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}P+E+N=60\\P=E\\P=N\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}P+E+N=60\\P=E=N\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}P=E=Z=20\\N=20\end{matrix}\right.\left(Đề.hỏi.gì.á.em?\right)\)
a)
Gọi số proton = số electron = p
Gọi số notron = n
Ta có :
$2p + n = 32$ và $2p - n = 12$
Suy ra : p = 11 ; n = 10
b)![](data:image/png;base64,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)
c)
$M = 11 + 10 = 21$
$\dfrac{21}{24} = 0,875$ Vậy nguyên tử nhẹ hơn Mg
$\dfrac{21}{32} = 0,65625$ Vậy nguyên tử nhẹ hơn S 0,65625 lần