Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questionsResearchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best way to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization compare the actual decisions made by people to theretical ideal decisions to see how similar they...
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best way to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization compare the actual decisions made by people to theretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Proponents of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets cam take, they are all similar in their essential aspects.
Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.
Since most important problems are multifaceted, there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is the question "What will I do after graduation?" A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.
A decision-making worksheet begins with a succinct statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones. Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to "What will I do after graduation that will lead to a successful career?"
Question: The author states that "On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once" (paragrap 3) to explain that________.
A. people can learn to keep more than seven ideas in their minds with practice.
B. most decisions involve seven steps.
C. human mental capacity has limitations.
D. some people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisions.
Spoken communication is more powerful than writen communication. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Some people believe that the power of verbal forms of communication outstrips that of their written counterparts. Personally, I think there is little to disagree with in this observation.
Spoken words carry more weight than written ones for several reasons, the most important of which are related to facial expressions and emotions. These could range from smiling with one’s eyes, which indicates a genuine smile and the genuineness of the message, to only smilling with one’s mouth, which can be perceived as a fake smile, and raising one’s eyebrows, which show disapproval or surprise, while he is enunciating a word. Of course, one might argue that a writer can simply add some extra adverbs to illustrate how a person feels more accurately, but we all too often find ourselves in loss of words when it comes to describing humans’ feelings.
Besides this, I note the fact that one’s way of speaking also affects how his message is perceived. Take, for example, a speech dellivered by a confident speaker who, at the same time, possesses clear pronunciation, a deep voice and a good pace of speech. What he hopes to deliver surely gets through more effectively than handing out to the same audience the transcript of what he says. This can clearly be seen in the way politicians often choose press conferences, and public speeches to best connect and persuade voters over any written forms of communication
In conclusion, the power of written communication seems to pale in comparison with that of spoken words. I take this view on account of the fact that the latter consists of many powerful elements such as facial expressions, emotions and ways of speaking, all of which are hardly ever successfully portrayed in any written texts.