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1. Ta thấy:
\(\frac{(a-b)^3}{(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})^3}-b\sqrt{b}+2a\sqrt{a}=\frac{(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})^3(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})^3}{(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})^3}-b\sqrt{b}+2a\sqrt{a}\)
\(=(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})^3-b\sqrt{b}+2a\sqrt{a}=a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+3\sqrt{ab}(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})-b\sqrt{b}+2a\sqrt{a}\)
\(=3a\sqrt{a}+3\sqrt{ab}(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})=3\sqrt{a}(a+\sqrt{ab}+b)\)
$a\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}=(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})(a+\sqrt{ab}+b)$
\(\frac{\frac{(a-b)^3}{(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})^3}-b\sqrt{b}+2a\sqrt{a}}{a\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}}=\frac{3\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}(1)\)
\(\frac{3a+3\sqrt{ab}}{b-a}=\frac{3\sqrt{a}(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})}{(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{a})(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a})}=\frac{-3\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}(2)\)
Từ $(1);(2)$ ta có đpcm.
Câu 2:
Điều kiện đã cho tương đương với:
$\frac{a-b}{a(a+b)}+\frac{a+b}{a(a-b)}=\frac{3a-b}{(a-b)(a+b)}$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{(a-b)^2}{a(a+b)(a-b)}+\frac{(a+b)^2}{a(a-b)(a+b)}=\frac{a(3a-b)}{a(a-b)(a+b)}$
$\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2+(a+b)^2=a(3a-b)$
$\Leftrightarrow 2a^2+2b^2=3a^2-ab$
$\Leftrightarrow a^2-ab-2b^2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a+b)(a-2b)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow a=-b$ hoặc $a=2b$
Nếu $a=-b$ thì $|a|=|b|$ (trái giả thiết). Do đó $a=2b$
Khi đó:
$P=\frac{(2b)^3+2(2b)^2.b+3b^3}{2(2b)^3+2b.b^2+b^3}=\frac{19b^3}{19b^3}=1$
a: \(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}\left(a-\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(a-\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{1}\)
\(=a-1\)
b: \(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}-1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{2\sqrt{ab}}\cdot\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}-1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{2\sqrt{ab}}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}+b+\sqrt{ab}-b}{\sqrt{a}\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}-1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\)
c: \(=\dfrac{a\sqrt{b}+b}{a-b}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{ab+b^2-2b\sqrt{ab}}{a^2+2a\sqrt{b}+b}}\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{b}\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{b\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{b}\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}{a+\sqrt{b}}=b\)
Nhìn giả thiết thấy nản quả:(
BĐT \(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+b^2}\le3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\) (nhân ab +bc +ca vào hai vế)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+b^2}\le3\left(a+b+c\right)\) (chú ý giả thiết ab + bc +ca = a + b + c)
\(VT=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+b^2}+\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{c\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2}\)
\(\le\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{2ab}+\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{2c\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{a^2+b^2}=3\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Vậy ta có đpcm.Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c
