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a)
$n_{HCl} = \dfrac{200.7,3\%}{36,5} = 0,4(mol)$
$Ca(OH)_2 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + 2H_2O$
$n_{Ca(OH)_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{dd\ Ca(OH)_2} = \dfrac{0,2.74}{14,8\%} = 100(gam)$
b)
Sau phản ứng : $m_{dd} = 200 + 100 = 300(gam)$
$C\%_{CaCl_2} = \dfrac{0,2.111}{300}.100\% = 7,4\%$
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
____0,35_____0,7___________0,35 (mol)
a, \(m_{Zn}=0,35.65=22,75\left(g\right)\)
b, \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,7.36,5}{200}.100\%=12,775\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ 0,05.........0,1..........0,05..........0,05\left(mol\right)\\ a.C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{200}.100=1,825\%\\ b.m_{Zn}=0,05.65=3,25\left(g\right)\\ c.C\%_{ddZnCl_2}=\dfrac{136.0,05}{3,25+200-0,05.2}.100\approx3,347\%\)
a, PT: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
Ta có: 100nCaCO3 + 84nMgCO3 = 14,2 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}+n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{0,1.100}{14,2}.100\%\approx70,42\%\\\%m_{MgCO_3}\approx29,58\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,6}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
PTHH :
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
x 2x x x x
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
y 2y y y y
Có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}100x+84y=14,2\\x+y=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0,1;y=0,05\)
\(a,\%m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100:14,2.100\%\approx72,423\%\)
\(\%m_{MgCO_3}=100\%-72,423\%\approx29,577\%\)
\(b,C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2+0,1}{0,6}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
Coi $m_{dd\ HCl} = 100(gam) \Rightarrow n_{HCl} = \dfrac{100.7,3\%}{36,5} = 0,2(mol)$
Gọi $n_{BaCO_3} = a(mol)$
BaCO3 + 2HCl → BaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
a..................2a............a..............a........................(mol)
Sau phản ứng :
$m_{dd} = 197a + 100 - a.44 = 153a + 100(gam)$
$n_{HCl\ dư} = 0,2 - 2a(mol)$
Suy ra :
$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{(0,2-2a).36,5}{153a + 100}.100\% = 2,28\%$
$\Rightarrow a = 0,066$
$C\%_{BaCl_2} = \dfrac{0,066.208}{0,066.153 + 100}.100\% = 12,47\%$
\(GS:m_{dd_{HCl}}=100\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=100\cdot7.3\%=7.3\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{BaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(BaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(a..........2a.........a......a\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=197a+100-44a=153a+100\left(g\right)\)\(\)
\(m_{HCl}=7.3-73a\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{7.3-73a}{153a+100}\cdot100\%=2.28\%\)
\(\Rightarrow a=0.065\)
\(C\%_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{0.065\cdot208}{153\cdot0.065+100}\cdot100\%=12.3\%\)
a) $Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$ZnO + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2O$
b)
Theo PTHH : $n_{Zn} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{Zn} = 0,2.65 = 13(gam)$
$m_{ZnO} = 21,1 - 13 = 8,1(gam)$
c) $n_{ZnO} = 0,1(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{HCl} = 2n_{Zn} + 2n_{ZnO} = 0,6(mol)$
$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,6.36,5}{16,6\%} = 132(gam)$
d) $m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 21,1 + 132 - 0,2.2 = 152,7(gam)$
$n_{ZnCl_2} = n_{Zn} + n_{ZnO} = 0,3(mol)$
$C\%_{ZnCl_2} = \dfrac{0,3.136}{152,7}.100\% = 26,72\%$
PTHH: \(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\) (1)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\) (2)
a) Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{CaCO_3}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=0,2\cdot100=20\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{20}{25,6}\cdot100\%=78,125\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{CaO}=21,875\%\)
b) Theo 2 PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=2n_{CaCO_3}=0,4mol\\n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=2n_{CaO}=2\cdot\dfrac{25,6-20}{56}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,6mol\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot36,5}{210\cdot1,05}\cdot100\%\approx9,93\%\)
\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{5.200}{100}=10\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{10}{40}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O|\)
1 1 1 1
0,25 0,25 0,25
a) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,25.1}{1}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,25.36,5=9,125\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{9,125.100}{3,65}=250\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,25.1}{1}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{NaCl}=0,25.58,5=14,625\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=200+250=450\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{NaCl}=\dfrac{14,625.100}{450}=3,25\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
a) \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.5\%}{40}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
Mol: 0,25 0,25 0,25
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,25.36,5.100}{3,65}=250\left(g\right)\)
b) mdd sau pứ = 200 + 250 = 450 (g)
\(C\%_{ddNaCl}=\dfrac{0,25.58,5.100\%}{450}=3,25\%\)