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a, \(n_{HCl}=0,1.0,2=0,02\left(mol\right)=n_{H^+}=n_{Cl^-}\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.0,2=0,02\left(mol\right)=n_{SO_4^{2-}}\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H^+}=2n_{H_2SO_4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,3.0,4=0,12\left(mol\right)=n_{Na^+}=n_{OH^-}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sum n_{H^+}=0,02+0,04=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
0,06__0,06 (mol)
⇒ nOH- dư = 0,12 - 0,06 = 0,06 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{0,1+0,3}=0,05\left(M\right)\\\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{0,1+0,3}=0,05\left(M\right)\\\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,12}{0,1+0,3}=0,3\left(M\right)\\\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,06}{0,1+0,3}=0,15\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, pH = 14 - (-log[OH-]) ≃ 13,176
\(n_{OH^-}=0,5.0,2+0,2.2.0,3=0,22\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,22}{0,5}=0,44M\)
\(n_{Na^+}=0,5.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2M\)
\(n_{Ba^{2+}}=0,2.0,3=0,06\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{0,06}{0,5}=0,12M\)
a)nHCl= 0,1 , nNaOh=0,4 khi phân li ra ta thu được các ion; H+, Cl- Na+, OH- Vdung dịch sau = 0,1+0,4=0,5(l)
nH+=nCl-=0,1 [H+]=[Cl-]=0,1/0,5=0,2 (M)
nNa+=nOH-=0,4 [Na+]=[OH-]=0,4/0,5=0,8
b)nH+=0,1 nOH-=0,4 --> OH- dư --> nOHdư=0,4-0,1=0,3 --> [OHdư ]=0,3/0,5=0,6 --> pOh=0,23--> ph=14-0,23=13,77
a, \(\left[Na^+\right]=0,1\)
\(\left[K^+\right]=0,1\)
\(\left[OH^-\right]=0,2\)
\(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=0,2\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=0,4\)
b, \(n_{H^+}=0,1.0,4=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{OH^-}=0,1.0,2=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H^+dư}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{200}=10^{-4}\)
\(\Rightarrow pH=4\)
$n_{NaOH} = n_{KOH} = 0,1.0,1 = 0,01(mol)$
$n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,02(mol)$
OH- + H+ → H2O
Bđ : 0,01...0,04..................(mol)
Pư : 0,01...0,01...................(mol)
Sau pư : 0......0,03...................(mol)
$V_{dd} = 0,1 + 0,1 = 0,2(lít)$
Vậy :
$[K^+] = [Na^+] = \dfrac{0,01}{0,2} = 0,05M$
$[H^+] = \dfrac{0,03}{0,2} = 0,15M$
$[SO_4^{2-}] = \dfrac{0,02}{0,2} = 0,1M$
b)
$pH = -log(0,15) = 0,824$
\(n_{FeCl_3}=0.1\cdot0.1=0.01\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.5\cdot0.1=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
\(1............3\)
\(0.01...........0.05\)
Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0.01}{1}< \dfrac{0.05}{3}\Rightarrow NaOHdư\)
Các chất có trong D : \(NaCl:0.03\left(mol\right),NaOH\left(dư\right):0.02\left(mol\right)\)
\(V=0.1+0.5=0.6\left(l\right)\)
\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0.03+0.02}{0.06}=\dfrac{1}{12}\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0.03}{0.06}=0.5\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0.02}{0.6}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(M\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0.01\cdot107=1.07\left(g\right)\)