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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
nZn = \(\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)
Theo pt: nH2 = nZn = 0,2 mol
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 lít
b) Theo pt: nZnCl2 = nZn = 0,2 mol
=> mZnCl2 = 0,2.136 = 27,2g
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a)
\(Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\)
b)
\(n_{Zn} = \dfrac{13}{65} = 0,2(mol)\)
Ta thấy : \(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1} = 0,2 > \dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2} = 0,15\) nên Zn dư.
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{Zn\ pư} = 0,5n_{HCl} = 0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn\ dư} = 0,2 - 0,15 = 0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn\ dư} = 0,05.65 = 3,25(gam)\)
c)
Ta có :
\(n_{H_2} = n_{Zn\ pư} = 0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{35}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,5}{2}>\dfrac{0,2}{1}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,2.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,2 0,5 0,2 0,2
b) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\)
⇒ Zn phản ứng hết , HCl dư
⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của Zn
\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,5-\left(0,2.2\right)=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{ZnCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{ZnCl2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.2....................0.2..........0.2\)
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0.2\cdot136=27.2\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b.n_{Zn}=n_{ZnCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
b) mZnCl2 = 0,1 . 136 = 13,6 gam
c) nZn = 6,5/65 = 0,1 mol . Theo tỉ lệ pư => nH2 = nZn = nZnCl2 =0,1 mol <=> VH2(đktc) = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 lít.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6.5}{65}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{100\cdot14.6\%}{36.5}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(1........2\)
\(0.1......0.4\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.1}{1}< \dfrac{0.4}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=6.5+100-0.1\cdot2=106.3\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%ZnCl_2=\dfrac{0.1\cdot136}{106.3}\cdot100\%=12.79\%\)
\(C\%HCl\left(dư\right)=\dfrac{\left(0.4-0.2\right)\cdot36.5}{106.3}\cdot100\%=6.87\%\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=36,5.15\%=5,475\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{5,475}{36,5}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{2}\), ta được Mg dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,075\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{Mg\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,075\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Mg\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,075=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg\left(dư\right)}=0,025.24=0,6\left(g\right)\)
c, - Cách 1:
\(n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,075\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,075.95=7,125\left(g\right)\)
- Cách 2:
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mMg (pư) + mHCl = mMgCl2 + mH2
⇒ mMgCl2 = 2,4 - 0,6 + 5,475 - 0,075.2 = 7,125 (g)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ n_{HCl\left(pứ\right)}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,4\right).36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\\ b.n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4,=4,48\left(l\right)\\ d.3H_2+Fe_2O_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O \\ n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{19,2}{160}=0,12\left(mol\right)\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,2}{3}< \dfrac{0,12}{1}\Rightarrow Fe_2O_3dưsauphảnứng\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{15}.56=7,467\left(g\right)\)
a) n\(Zn\)=\(\dfrac{m}{M}\)=\(\dfrac{13}{65}\)=0,2(mol)
n\(HCl\)=\(\dfrac{m}{M}\)=\(\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=\)0,5(mol)
PTHH : Zn + 2HCl->ZnCl\(2\) + H\(2\)
0,2 0,5
Lập tỉ lệ mol : \(^{\dfrac{0,2}{1}}\)<\(\dfrac{0,5}{2}\)
n\(Zn\) hết , n\(HCl\) dư
-->Tính theo số mol hết
Zn + 2HCl->ZnCl\(2\) + H\(2\)
0,2 -> 0,4 0,2 0,2
n\(HCl\) dư= n\(HCl\)(đề) - n\(HCl\)(pt)= 0,5 - 0,4 = 0,1(mol)
m\(HCl\) dư= 0,1.36,5 = 3,65(g)
b) m\(ZnCl2\) = n.M= 0,2.136= 27,2 (g)
c)V\(H2\)=n.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)
d) n\(Fe\)\(2\)O\(3\)=\(\dfrac{m}{M}\)=\(\dfrac{19,2}{160}\)=0,12 (mol)
3H2 +Fe2O3 → 2Fe + 3H2O
0,2 0,12
Lập tỉ lệ mol: \(\dfrac{0,2}{3}\)<\(\dfrac{0,12}{1}\)
nH2 hết .Tính theo số mol hết
\(HCl\)
3H2 +Fe2O3 → 2Fe + 3H2O
0,2-> 0,2
m\(Fe\)=n.M= 0,2.56= 11,2(g)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,2 0,2 0,2
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{ZnCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{ZnCl2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
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