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Lời giải:
$A=\frac{2}{3}+\frac{4}{3^2}+\frac{6}{3^3}+...+\frac{2n}{3^n}$
$3A=2+\frac{4}{3}+\frac{6}{3^2}+....+\frac{2n}{3^{n-1}}$
$3A-A=2+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+....+\frac{2}{3^{n-1}}-\frac{2n}{3^n}$
$2A=2+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+....+\frac{2}{3^{n-1}}-\frac{2n}{3^n}$
$A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{n-1}}-\frac{n}{3^n}$
$3A=3+1+\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{3^{n-2}}-\frac{n}{3^{n-1}}$
$3A-A=3-\frac{1}{3^{n-1}}-\frac{n}{3^{n-1}}+\frac{n}{3^n}$
$2A=3-\frac{n+1}{3^{n-1}}+\frac{n}{3^n}$
$2A=\frac{3^{n+1}-2n-3}{3^n}$
$A=\frac{3.3^n-2n-3}{2.3^n}$
$\Rightarrow a=3; b=1; c=2\Rightarrow abc=6$
\(\left(x^{-\frac{2}{3}}+x^{\frac{3}{4}}\right)^{17}=\sum\limits^{17}_{k=0}C_{17}^k\left(x^{-\frac{2}{3}}\right)^k\left(x^{\frac{3}{4}}\right)^{17-k}=\sum\limits^{17}_{k=0}C_{17}^kx^{\frac{51}{4}-\frac{17}{12}k}\)
Số hạng thứ 13 \(\Rightarrow k=12\) là: \(C_{17}^{12}x^{-\frac{17}{4}}\)
b/ Xét khai triển:
\(\left(3-x\right)^n=C_n^03^n+C_n^13^{n-1}\left(-x\right)^1+C_n^23^{n-2}\left(-x\right)^2+...+C_n^n\left(-x\right)^n\)
Cho \(x=1\) ta được:
\(2^n=3^nC_n^0-3^{n-1}C_n^1+3^{n-2}C_n^2+...+\left(-1\right)^nC_n^n\)
À, đến đây mới thấy đề thiếu, biết rằng cái kia làm sao hả bạn?
a) \(\lim \frac{{2{n^2} + 6n + 1}}{{8{n^2} + 5}} = \lim \frac{{{n^2}\left( {2 + \frac{6}{n} + \frac{1}{{{n^2}}}} \right)}}{{{n^2}\left( {8 + \frac{5}{{{n^2}}}} \right)}} = \lim \frac{{2 + \frac{6}{n} + \frac{1}{n}}}{{8 + \frac{5}{n}}} = \frac{2}{8} = \frac{1}{4}\)
b) \(\lim \frac{{4{n^2} - 3n + 1}}{{ - 3{n^3} + 6{n^2} - 2}} = \lim \frac{{{n^3}\left( {\frac{4}{n} - \frac{3}{{{n^2}}} + \frac{1}{{{n^3}}}} \right)}}{{{n^3}\left( { - 3 + \frac{6}{n} - \frac{2}{{{n^3}}}} \right)}} = \lim \frac{{\frac{4}{n} - \frac{3}{{{n^2}}} + \frac{1}{{{n^3}}}}}{{ - 3 + \frac{6}{n} - \frac{2}{{{n^3}}}}} = \frac{{0 - 0 + 0}}{{ - 3 + 0 - 0}} = 0\).
c) \(\lim \frac{{\sqrt {4{n^2} - n + 3} }}{{8n - 5}} = \lim \frac{{n\sqrt {4 - \frac{1}{n} + \frac{3}{{{n^2}}}} }}{{n\left( {8 - \frac{5}{n}} \right)}} = \frac{{\sqrt {4 - 0 + 0} }}{{8 - 0}} = \frac{2}{8} = \frac{1}{4}\).
d) \(\lim \left( {4 - \frac{{{2^{{\rm{n}} + 1}}}}{{{3^{\rm{n}}}}}} \right) = \lim \left( {4 - 2 \cdot {{\left( {\frac{2}{3}} \right)}^{\rm{n}}}} \right) = 4 - 2.0 = 4\).
e) \(\lim \frac{{{{4.5}^{\rm{n}}} + {2^{{\rm{n}} + 2}}}}{{{{6.5}^{\rm{n}}}}} = \lim \frac{{{{4.5}^{\rm{n}}} + {2^2}{{.2}^{\rm{n}}}}}{{{{6.5}^{\rm{n}}}}} = \lim \frac{{{5^n}.\left[ {4 + 4.{{\left( {\frac{2}{5}} \right)}^{\rm{n}}}} \right]}}{{{{6.5}^n}}} = \lim \frac{{4 + 4.{{\left( {\frac{2}{5}} \right)}^{\rm{n}}}}}{6} = \frac{{4 + 4.0}}{6} = \frac{2}{3}\).
g) \(\lim \frac{{2 + \frac{4}{{{n^3}}}}}{{{6^{\rm{n}}}}} = \lim \left( {2 + \frac{4}{{{{\rm{n}}^3}}}} \right).\lim {\left( {\frac{1}{6}} \right)^{\rm{n}}} = \left( {2 + 0} \right).0 = 0\).
a/ \(=\lim\limits\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{n}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n}}}{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{n}{n}}}=1\)
b/ \(1+2+...+n=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\lim\limits\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2n^2+4}=\lim\limits\dfrac{\dfrac{n^2}{n^2}+\dfrac{n}{n^2}}{\dfrac{2n^2}{n^2}+\dfrac{4}{n^2}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c/ \(=\lim\limits\dfrac{n^2+n+1-n^2}{\sqrt{n^2+n+1}+n}=\lim\limits\dfrac{n+1}{\sqrt{n^2+n+1}+n}=\lim\limits\dfrac{\dfrac{n}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n}}{\sqrt{\dfrac{n^2}{n^2}+\dfrac{n}{n^2}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}+\dfrac{n}{n}}=\dfrac{1}{1+1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
d/ \(=\lim\limits\left[\sqrt{n}\left(\sqrt{3-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}}-\sqrt{2-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}}\right)\right]=\lim\limits\left[\sqrt{n}\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)\right]=+\infty\)
e/ \(=\lim\limits\dfrac{n^3+2n^2-n-n^3}{\left(\sqrt[3]{n^3+2n^2}\right)^2+n.\sqrt[3]{n^3+2n^2}+n^2}=\lim\limits\dfrac{2n^2-n}{\left(n^3+2n^2\right)^{\dfrac{2}{3}}+n.\left(n^3+2n^2\right)^{\dfrac{1}{3}}+n^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{1+1+1}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
g/ \(=\lim\limits\dfrac{2^n+9.3^n}{4.3^n+8.2^n}=\lim\limits\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^n+9.\left(\dfrac{3}{3}\right)^n}{4.\left(\dfrac{3}{3}\right)^n+8.\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^n}=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
Bài 4:
\(u_n=5.\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2n-1}=10.\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2n}=10\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^n\)
Là cấp số nhân với \(u_1=10\) và công bội \(q=\frac{1}{4}\)
Bài 5:
\(S_5=u_1.\frac{q^4-1}{q-1}=u_1.\frac{\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^4-1}{\frac{1}{3}-1}=\frac{121}{81}u_1\)
\(\Rightarrow u_1=\frac{81}{121}S_5=81\)
Bài 6:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1q=4\\u_1q^3=9\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(u_1q^2\right)^2=36\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}u_1q^2=6\\u_1q^2=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà \(u_3=u_1q^2\Rightarrow u_3=\pm6\)
Bài 2:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1q^3-u_1q=24\\u_1q^2-u_1=12\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1q\left(q^2-1\right)=24\\u_1\left(q^2-1\right)=12\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{u_1q\left(q^2-1\right)}{u_1\left(q^2-1\right)}=\frac{24}{12}\Rightarrow q=2\Rightarrow u_1=\frac{12}{q^2-1}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow S_8=u_1.\frac{q^8-1}{q-1}=4\left(2^8-1\right)=...\)
Câu 3:
\(u_{10}=u_1q^9=4\left(-2\right)^9=-2^{11}\)
\(S_{15}=u_1.\frac{q^{15}-1}{q-1}=4.\frac{\left(-2\right)^{15}-1}{-3}=\frac{3}{4}\left(2^{15}+1\right)\)
