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Câu 3 :
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10\cdot21.9\%}{36.5}=0.06\left(mol\right)\)
\(AO+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2O\)
\(0.03........0.06\)
\(M=\dfrac{2.4}{0.03}=80\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=64\)
\(CuO\)
Câu 2 :
$n_{CuO} = \dfrac{1,6}{80} = 0,02(mol)$
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{100.20\%}{98} = \dfrac{10}{49}$
$CuO + H_2SO_4 \to CuSO_4 + H_2O$
$n_{CuO} < n_{H_2SO_4}$ nên $H_2SO_4 dư
Theo PTHH :
$n_{CuSO_4} = n_{H_2SO_4\ pư} = n_{CuO} = 0,02(mol)$
$m_{dd} = 1,6 + 100 = 101,6(gam)$
Vậy :
$C\%_{CuSO_4} = \dfrac{0,02.160}{101,6}.100\% = 3,15\%$
$C\%_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = \dfrac{100.20\% - 0,02.98}{101,6}.100\% = 17,6\%$
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl--->MgCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{Mg}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{HCl}=0,4.36.5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{HCl}}=\dfrac{14,6}{200}.100\%=7,3\%\)
b. Ta có: \(m_{dd_{MgCl_2}}=4,8+200=204,8\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{MgCl_2}=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{19}{204,8}.100\%=9,28\%\)
a) \(m_{HCl}=200.10,95\%=21,9\left(g\right)\)
b) \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
x_______2x________x____x(mol)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200.10,95\%}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Dung dịch A phải có HCl dư mới có thể trung hòa được NaOH.
\(n_{NaOH}=0,05.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
y________y______y(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=0,6\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,25\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a=m_{CaCO_3}=100x=100.0,25=25\left(g\right)\\ V=V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=22,4x=22,4.0,25=5,6\left(l\right)\)
c)
\(m_{ddA}=25+200-0,25.44=214\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddCaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,25.111}{214}.100\approx12,967\%\\ C\%_{ddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{214}.100\approx1,706\%\)
1.
\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95.75}{100}=8,2125\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{8,2125}{35,5}=0,225\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}n_{HCl}=0,0375\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{0,075.162,5}{0,0375.160+75}.100\%=15,05\%\)
\(a.\\ m+m_{\left[O\right]}=16,2\\ n_{Cl^-}=2\dfrac{m_{\left[O\right]}}{16}\\ m+35,5\dfrac{m_{\left[O\right]}}{16}\cdot2=38,2\\ m=9,8;m_{\left[O\right]}=6,4\\ b.\\ V_{dd.acid}=v\left(L\right)\\ n_{H^+}=v+v=2v\left(mol\right)\\ n_{\left[O\right]}=\dfrac{6,4}{16}=0,4=\dfrac{2v}{2}\\ v=0,4\\ a=9,8+0,4\cdot35,5+0,4\cdot96=62,4g\)
`a)`
Bảo toàn KL:
`m_Y+m_{HCl}=m_{\text{muối}}+m_{H_2O}`
`->36,5n_{HCl}-18n_{H_2O}=38,2-16,2=22`
Mà bảo toàn H: `n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2O}`
`->n_{HCl}=0,8(mol);n_{H_2O}=0,4(mol)`
Bảo toàn O: `n_{O(Y)}=n_{H_2O}=0,4(mol)`
`->n_{O_2}=0,5n_{O(Y)}=0,2(mol)`
Bảo toàn KL: `m_X+m_{O_2}=m_Y`
`->m=16,2-0,2.32=9,8(g)`
`b)`
Đặt `V_{dd\ ax it}=x(l)`
`->n_{HCl}=x(mol);n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5x(mol)`
`n_{O(Y)}=0,4(mol)`
Bảo toàn electron: `n_{O(Y)}=1/2n_{H(ax it)}`
`->0,4=1/2(x+0,5x.2)`
`->x=0,4(l)`
`->n_{HCl}=0,4(mol);n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2(mol)`
Bảo toàn O: `n_{H_2O}=n_{O(Y)}=0,4(mol)`
Bảo toàn KL:
`m_Y+m_{HCl}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{\text{muối}}+m_{H_2O}`
`->a=16,2+0,4.36,5+0,2.98-0,4.18=43,2(g)`
\(a.m_{HCl}=100.10\%+150.20\%=40\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{40}{100+150}.100=16\%\\ b.n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95\%.100}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,3-2.0,1=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\\ n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{MgCl_2}=0,1.95=9,5\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=2,4+100-0,1.2=102,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{3,65}{102,2}.100\approx3,571\%\)
\(C\%_{ddMgCl_2}=\dfrac{9,5}{102,2}.100\approx9,295\%\)