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\(xy+yz+zx-xyz=1-x-y-z+xy+yz+zx-xyz\)
\(=\left(1-x\right)-y\left(1-x\right)-z\left(1-x\right)+yz\left(1-x\right)\)
\(=\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y-z+yz\right)=\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)\)
\(xy+yz+zx+xyz+2=1+x+y+z+xy+yz+zx+xyz\)
\(=\left(1+x\right)+y\left(1+x\right)+z\left(1+x\right)+yz\left(1+x\right)\)
\(=\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)\)
\(1+x+y+z=1+1\Rightarrow1+x=\left(1-y\right)+\left(1-z\right)\ge2\sqrt{\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)}\)
Tương tự ta cũng có: \(1+y\ge2\sqrt{\left(1-z\right)\left(1-x\right)}\)
\(1+z\ge2\sqrt{\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)}\)
Vậy \(S\le\frac{\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)}{8\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)}=\frac{1}{8}\)
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\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-xy+y^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y^2-yz+z^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z^2-zx+x^2}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(x-y\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(y-z\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(z-x\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(z^2+x^2\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(z^2+x^2\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{2}{x+y}+\frac{2}{y+z}+\frac{2}{z+x}\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=1\)
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Theo nguyên lý Dirichlet, trong 3 số x;y;z luôn có 2 số cùng phía so với \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử đó là y và z
\(\Rightarrow\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(z-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow yz-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(y+z\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y+z-yz\le\dfrac{1}{2}+yz\)
Mặt khác từ giả thiết:
\(1-x^2=y^2+z^2+2xyz\ge2yz+2xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x\right)\ge2yz\left(1+x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-x\ge2yz\)
\(\Rightarrow yz\le\dfrac{1-x}{2}\)
Do đó:
\(A=yz+x\left(y+z-yz\right)\le yz+x\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+yz\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}x+yz\left(x+1\right)\le\dfrac{1}{2}x+\left(\dfrac{1-x}{2}\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le-\dfrac{1}{2}x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{5}{8}\le\dfrac{5}{8}\)
\(A_{max}=\dfrac{5}{8}\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)