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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
\(1.\sqrt{1+x^2}+1.\sqrt{2x}\le\sqrt{\left(1+1\right)\left(1+x^2+2x\right)}=\sqrt{2}\left(x+1\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\sqrt{1+y^2}+\sqrt{2y}\le\sqrt{2}\left(y+1\right)\) ; \(\sqrt{1+z^2}+\sqrt{2z}\le\sqrt{2}\left(z+1\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\le\sqrt{2}\left(x+y+z+3\right)+\left(2-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\le\sqrt{2}\left(3+3\right)+\left(2-\sqrt{2}\right).3=6+3\sqrt{2}\)
\(P_{max}=6+3\sqrt{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a^2+b^2=\left(a+b-c\right)^2=a^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+2a\left(b-c\right)=b^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+2b\left(a-c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b^2=\left(b-c\right)^2+2a\left(b-c\right)\\a^2=\left(a-c\right)^2+2b\left(a-c\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+\left(a-c\right)^2}{b^2+\left(b-c\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(a-c\right)^2+2b\left(a-c\right)+\left(a-c\right)^2}{\left(b-c\right)^2+2a\left(b-c\right)+\left(b-c\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b+a-c\right)}=\dfrac{a-c}{b-c}\) (đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{x};2\sqrt{y};3\sqrt{z}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow a;b;c\ge0\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{1}{ab+bc+ca}\le\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{3}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=-3\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{3}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(a=b=c=1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{1}{4}\\z=\dfrac{1}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{x+2\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+2\sqrt{3}}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y+2\sqrt{3}=y+z+2\sqrt{yz}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-y-z+2\sqrt{3}=2\sqrt{yz}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(x-y-z\right)+2\sqrt{3}\right]^2=\left(2\sqrt{yz}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y-z\right)^2+4\sqrt{3}.\left(x-y-z\right)+12=4yz\) (1)
- Nếu x - y - z = 0 thì (1) trở thành: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y-z=0\\4yz=12\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y-z=0\\yz=3\end{cases}}}\)
ta thấy x;y;z thuộc N nên yz=3=1.3=3.1
y=1;z=3 hoặc y=3; z=1 thì x vẫn bằng 4
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=1\\z=3\end{cases}}\) hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=3\\z=1\end{cases}}\)
(THỎA MÃN)
- Nếu x - y - z khác 0
Ta có: \(\frac{4yz-\left(x-y-z\right)^2-12}{4\left(x-y-z\right)}=\sqrt{3}\)
(x;y;z là số tự nhiên nên vế trái là số hữu tỉ, mà ở đây vế phải là căn 3 => Vô lý)
Vậy \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=1\\z=3\end{cases}}\) hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=3\\z=1\end{cases}}\)
cảm ơn bạn