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\(1,\dfrac{1}{1+x}=1-\dfrac{1}{1+y}+1-\dfrac{1}{1+z}=\dfrac{y}{1+y}+\dfrac{z}{1+z}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}}\)
Cmtt: \(\dfrac{1}{1+y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{xz}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+z\right)}};\dfrac{1}{1+z}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}}\)
Nhân VTV
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\ge8\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2y^2z^2}{\left(1+x\right)^2\left(1+y\right)^2\left(1+z\right)^2}}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\ge\dfrac{8xyz}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow8xyz\le1\Leftrightarrow xyz\le\dfrac{1}{8}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(2,\\ a,2x^2+y^2-2xy=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+x^2=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2=1-x^2\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2\le1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2}\le1\Leftrightarrow\left|x\right|\le1\)
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\(x^2+2y^2+2xy+y-2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow4x^2+8y^2+8xy+4y-8=0\)
\(\Rightarrow4x^2+8xy+4y^2+4y^2+4y+1=9\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+2y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2=9\)
Vì \(2y+1\) lẻ nên \(\left(2y+1\right)^2\) lẻ mà \(\left(2y+1\right)^2\le9\)
Nên \(\left(2y+1\right)^2\in\left\{1,9\right\}\)
Với \(\left(2y+1\right)^2=1\) thì \(\left(2x+2y\right)^2=9-1=8\) mà 8 không phải số chính phương (loại)
Với \(\left(2y+1\right)^2=9\) thì \(\orbr{\begin{cases}2y+1=3\\2y+1=-3\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2y=2\\2y=-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=1\\y=-2\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+2y\right)^2=9-9=0\Rightarrow2x+2y=0\)\(\Rightarrow x+y=0\Rightarrow x=-y\)
Nếu \(y=1\Rightarrow x=-1\)
Nếu \(y=-2\Rightarrow x=2\)
Vậy \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(-1,1\right);\left(2;-2\right)\right\}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
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\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+1-2xy+2x-2y\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2=4=2^2+0^2=0^2+2^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x;y\)
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\(2x^2+2xy+y^2-4x+2y+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+1+2xy+2y+2x\right)+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+1=0\\x-3=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}y=-4\\x=3\end{cases}}\)(thỏa mãn)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(3;-4\right)\right\}\)
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a.
\(2x^3-x^2y+x^2+y^2-2xy-y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(2x-y+1\right)-y\left(2x-y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-y\right)\left(2x-y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-y=0\\2x-y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=x^2\\y=2x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thế vào pt đầu:
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^3+x-2=0\\x\left(2x+1\right)+x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)=0\\x^2+x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
b.
\(x^2-2xy+x=-y\)
Thế vào \(y^2\) ở pt dưới:
\(x^2\left(x^2-4y+3\right)+\left(x^2-2xy+x\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2-4y+3\right)+x^2\left(x-2y+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\Rightarrow y=0\\x^2-4y+3+\left(x-2y+1\right)^2=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow2x^2-4xy+2x+4y^2-8y+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-2xy+x\right)+4y^2-8y+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2y+4y^2-8y+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
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\(x^2+2xy+7.\left(x+y\right)+2y^2+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y^2\right)+7.\left(x+y\right)+\dfrac{49}{4}+y^2-\dfrac{9}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+\dfrac{7}{2}^2\right)=\dfrac{9}{4}-y^2\)
\(Do\left(x+y+\dfrac{7}{2}^2\right)\ge0\Rightarrow\dfrac{9}{4}-y^2\ge0\Rightarrow y^2\le\dfrac{9}{4}\)
Mà y nguyên \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y^2\\\\y^2=1\end{matrix}\right.=0\)
Thay vào phương trình đầu:
Với \(y=0\Rightarrow x^2+7x+10=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\\\\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(y=1\Rightarrow x^2+9x+19=0\Rightarrow\) không có x nguyên
Với \(y=-1\Rightarrow x^2+5x+5=0\Rightarrow\) không có x nguyên