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a) Áp dụng bđt |a| + |b| \(\ge\) |a+b| ta có:
\(\left|x-1\right|+\left|x+3\right|=\left|1-x\right|+\left|x+3\right|\ge\left|1-x+x+3\right|\)
\(\ge\left|4\right|=4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix}x-1\le0\\x+3\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}x\le1\\x\ge-3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow-3\le x\le1\)
b) Xét từng khoảng
+ \(x< -\frac{3}{2}\)
+ \(-\frac{3}{2}\le x< 4\)
+ \(x\ge4\)
a) Vì \(\left|x-1\right|+\left|x+3\right|=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|1-x\right|+\left|x+3\right|=4\)
Nhận thấy \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|1-x\right|\ge1-x\forall x\\\left|x+3\right|\ge x+3\forall x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|1-x\right|+\left|x+3\right|\ge1-x+x+3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|1-x\right|+\left|x+3\right|\ge4\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}1-x\ge0\\x+3\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le1\\x\ge-3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow-3\le x\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-3-2;-1;0;1\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-3;-2;-1;0;1\right\}\).
a) Ta có: \(5x^2-3x\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=5x^2-3x^2-6x\)
\(=2x^2-6x\)
b) Ta có: \(3x\left(x-5\right)-5x\left(x+7\right)\)
\(=3x^2-15x-5x^2-35x\)
\(=-2x^2-50x\)
c) Ta có: \(3x^2y\left(2x^2-y\right)-2x^2\left(2x^2y-y^2\right)\)
\(=3x^2y\left(2x^2-y\right)-2x^2y\left(2x^2-y\right)\)
\(=x^2y\left(2x^2-y\right)=2x^4y-x^2y^2\)
d) Ta có: \(3x^2\left(2y-1\right)-\left[2x^2\cdot\left(5y-3\right)-2x\left(x-1\right)\right]\)
\(=6x^2y-3x^2-\left[10x^2y-6x^2-2x^2+2x\right]\)
\(=6x^2y-3x^2-10x^2y+6x^2+2x^2-2x\)
\(=-4x^2y+5x^2-2x\)
e) Ta có: \(4x\left(x^3-4x^2\right)+2x\left(2x^3-x^2+7x\right)\)
\(=4x^4-16x^3+4x^4-2x^3+14x^2\)
\(=8x^4-18x^3+14x^2\)
f) Ta có: \(25x-4\left(3x-1\right)+7x\left(5-2x^2\right)\)
\(=25x-12x+4+35x-14x^3\)
\(=-14x^3+48x+4\)
Bài 2:
a: \(=2x^4-x^3-10x^2-2x^3+x^2+10x=2x^3-3x^3-9x^2+10x\)
b: \(=\left(x^2-15x\right)\left(x^2-7x+3\right)\)
\(=x^4-7x^3+3x^2-15x^3+105x^2-45x\)
\(=x^4-22x^3+108x^2-45x\)
c: \(=12x^5-18x^4+30x^3-24x^2\)
d: \(=-3x^6+2.4x^5-1.2x^4+1.8x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-6x^2+12x-8+3\left(4x^2-12x+9\right)=x^3+9x^2+27x+27-5\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)+\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6x^2+12x-8+12x^2-36x+27=9x^2+27x+27-45x^2-30x-5+\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x^2-24x+19=-36x^2-3x+22+\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow42x^2-21x-3-x^2+4x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow41x^2-17x-6=0\)
\(\Delta=\left(-17\right)^2-4\cdot41\cdot\left(-6\right)=1273\)
Vì Δ>0 nên phương trình có hai nghiệm phân biệt là:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{17-\sqrt{1273}}{82}\\x_2=\dfrac{17+\sqrt{1273}}{82}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với những bài thế này thì phải chia trường hợp để phá ngoặc.
TH1 : \(x< -2;\)có:
\(\Rightarrow-\left(5x-4\right)=-\left(x+2\right)\)
\(4-5x=-x-2\)
\(6=-4x\Rightarrow x=-\frac{3}{2}>-2\)( Không thỏa mãn )
TH2 : \(-2\le x< \frac{4}{5};\)ta có :
\(-\left(5x-4\right)=x+2\)
\(4-5x=x+2\)
\(2=6x\)
\(x=\frac{1}{3}\) ( thỏa mãn)
TH3 : \(x\ge\frac{4}{5};\)có :
\(5x-4=x+2\)
\(4x=6\)
\(x=\frac{3}{2}\)(thỏa mãn )
Vậy \(\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x=\frac{1}{3}\\x=\frac{3}{2}\end{array}\right.\)
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