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\(P=x-2\sqrt{xy}+3y-2\sqrt{x}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3P=3x-6\sqrt{xy}+9y-6\sqrt{x}+3\)
\(=\left(x-6\sqrt{xy}+9y\right)+\left(2x-\dfrac{2.\sqrt{2}.3.\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{9}{2}\right)-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2x}-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2-\dfrac{3}{2}\ge-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy GTNN là \(P=-\dfrac{1}{2}\) đạt được khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{9}{4}\\y=\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
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\(3=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{xy}\Leftrightarrow x+y+1=3xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(3x-1\right)=x+1\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{x+1}{3x-1}\)
\(\left(3x^2+1\right)\left(3+1\right)\ge\left(3x+1\right)^2\Rightarrow\sqrt{3x^2+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(3x+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3x^2+1}}\le\dfrac{4}{3x+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\dfrac{4}{3x+1}+\dfrac{4}{3y+1}=\dfrac{4}{3x+1}+\dfrac{2\left(3x-1\right)}{3x+1}=\dfrac{6x+2}{3x+1}=2\)
\(A_{min}=2\) khi \(x=y=1\)
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\(A=x-2\sqrt{xy}+3y-2\sqrt{x}+1\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}x-2\sqrt{\frac{1}{3}x}.\sqrt{3y}+3y+\frac{2}{3}x-2\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}x}.\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}+\frac{3}{2}-\frac{3}{2}+1\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{3}x}-\sqrt{3y}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}x}-\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}\right)^2+1-\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{-1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{\frac{1}{3}x}-\sqrt{3y}=0\\\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}x}-\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{3}x=3y\\\frac{2}{3}x=\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=\frac{1}{4}\\x=\frac{9}{4}\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy Amin = -1/2 khi x = 9/4 và y = 1/4
P/s: Phân tích hơi lẻ nhưng chịu thôi. Bạn xem đi có gì không hiểu hỏi mình.
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