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Bài 1:
a: \(M=x^2-10x+3\)
\(=x^2-10x+25-22\)
\(=\left(x^2-10x+25\right)-22\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)^2-22>=-22\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-5=0
=>x=5
b: \(N=x^2-x+2\)
\(=x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{7}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}>=\dfrac{7}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-1/2=0
=>x=1/2
c: \(P=3x^2-12x\)
\(=3\left(x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=3\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-2\right)^2-12>=-12\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-2=0
=>x=2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(A=-\left(x^2+8x+16-16\right)+5=-\left(x+4\right)^2+21\le21\forall x\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = - 4
Vậy GTLN của A là 21 tại x = -4
b, \(B=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)+7\)
\(=-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(2y+1\right)^2+7\le7\forall x;y\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 1 ; y = -1/2
Vậy GTLN của B là 7 tại x = 1 ; y = -1/2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:A=x2-5x+1=\(\left(x^2-2.\dfrac{5}{2}x+\dfrac{25}{4}\right)-\dfrac{25}{4}+1=\left(x-\dfrac{5}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{21}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x-\dfrac{5}{4}\right)^2\ge0\)
⇒ \(A\ge-\dfrac{21}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=x^2-6x+15=\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+6\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)^2+6\ge6\)
\(minA=6\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
A=x²-2x3+3²+6
A=(x-3)²+6
Vì (x-3)² luôn > hoặc = 0 với mọi x
=> (x-3)²+6 > hoặc = 6
Vậy GTNN = 6
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x-3=0
X=3
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x-y\right)+1+y^2-8y+16-17\\ A=\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-16\ge17\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=17\leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+1=0\\y-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
A= x2+2y2-2xy-2x-2y+1015
A = x2 - 2xy - 2x + y2 + 2y + 1 + y2 - 4y + 4 + 1010
A = [x2 - 2x(y + 1) + (y+1)2 ] + (y-2)2 + 1010
A = ( x - y - 1)2 + (y-2)2 + 1010 \(\ge1010\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy MinA = 1010 <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: \(M=2x^2-4x+3\)
\(=2x^2-4x+2+1\)
\(=2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+1\)
\(=2\left(x-1\right)^2+1>=1\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-1=0
=>x=1
b: \(N=x^2-4x+5+y^2+2y^2\)
\(=x^2-4x+4+3y^2+1\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+3y^2+1>=1\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-2=0 và y=0
=>x=2 và y=0
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 3:
a) Ta có: \(A=25x^2-20x+7\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^2-2\cdot5x\cdot2+4+3\)
\(=\left(5x-2\right)^2+3>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
d) Ta có: \(D=x^2-2x+2\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+1>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(A=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2-x+1\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=x^2-8x+5\)
\(=\left(x^2-8x+16\right)-11\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)^2-11\)
\(=-11+\left(x-4\right)^2\)
Vì \(\left(x-4\right)^2\) ≥ 0
⇒ A ≥ -11
Min A=-11 ⇔\(x-4=0\)
⇔\(x=4\)