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a) \(P=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
\(MinP=4\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Rightarrow x=1\)
b) \(Q=2x^2-6x\)
\(=2\left(x^2-3x\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2-2.x.\frac{3}{2}+\frac{9}{4}-\frac{9}{4}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{9}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\frac{9}{2}-2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\le\frac{-9}{2}\)
\(MinQ=\frac{-9}{2}\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{3}{2}=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
M=x^2+y^2-x+6y+10
M=(x^2-x+1/4)+(y^2+6y+9)+3/4
M=(x-1/2)^2+(y+3)^2+3/4
\(minM=\frac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)
a: ta có: \(P=x^2+10x+27\)
\(=x^2+10x+25+2\)
\(=\left(x+5\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-5
\(a,P=x^2-2x+5=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+4=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(b,Q=2x^2-6x=2\left(x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{9}{4}\right)=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\ge-\dfrac{9}{2}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(c,M=\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(y^2+6y+9\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: Ta có: \(P=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
Ta có: M = x 2 + y 2 – x + 6y + 10 = ( y 2 + 6y + 9) + ( x 2 – x + 1)
= y + 3 2 + ( x 2 – 2.1/2 x + 1/4) + 3/4 = y + 3 2 + x - 1 / 2 2 + 3/4
Vì y + 3 2 ≥ 0 và x - 1 / 2 2 ≥ 0 nên y + 3 2 + x - 1 / 2 2 ≥ 0
⇒ M = y + 3 2 + x - 1 / 2 2 + 3/4 ≥ 3/4
⇒ M = 3/4 khi 
Vậy M = 3/4 là giá trị nhỏ nhất tại y = -3 và x = 1/2
Bài 1:
a: \(M=x^2-10x+3\)
\(=x^2-10x+25-22\)
\(=\left(x^2-10x+25\right)-22\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)^2-22>=-22\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-5=0
=>x=5
b: \(N=x^2-x+2\)
\(=x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{7}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}>=\dfrac{7}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-1/2=0
=>x=1/2
c: \(P=3x^2-12x\)
\(=3\left(x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=3\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-2\right)^2-12>=-12\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-2=0
=>x=2
\(2x^2+6x-5=2\left(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{19}{2}\ge-\dfrac{19}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(x^2-x+1=\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(C=x^2+y^2-x+6x+10\\ =x^2+5x+y^2+10\\ =x^2+2\cdot\dfrac{5}{2}x+\dfrac{25}{4}+y^2+\dfrac{15}{4}\\ =\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+y^2+\dfrac{15}{4}\)
Mà \(\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+y^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+y^2+\dfrac{15}{4}\ge\dfrac{15}{4}\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{5}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy GTNN của C là \(\dfrac{15}{4}\) khi x = \(-\dfrac{5}{2}\) và y = 0
a) \(Q=2x^2-6x=\left(\sqrt{2}x\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{2}x\cdot\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}+\left(\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{2}x-\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)^2+\frac{9}{4}\ge\frac{9}{4}\)
Vậy GTNN của Q=9/4
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2}x-\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}x-\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}x=\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
b) \(M=x^2+y^2-x+6y+10=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+y^2+6y+9+\frac{3}{4}=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)Vậy GTNN của M=3/4
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{1}{2}+y+3=0\Leftrightarrow x+y=-\frac{5}{2}\)