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\(S=2+2.2^2+3.2^3+...+2016.2^{2016}\)
\(2S=2^2+2.2^3+3.2^4+...+2016.2^{2017}\)
\(2S-S=S=\text{}\text{}\text{}\text{}2^2+2.2^3+3.2^4+...+2016.2^{2017}-2-2.2^2-3.2^3-...-2016.2^{2016}\)
\(S=2\left(0-1\right)+2^2\left(1-2\right)+2^3\left(2-3\right)+...+2^{2016}\left(2015-2016\right)+2^{2017}.2016\)
\(S=-\left(2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2016}\right)+2^{2017}.2016\)
\(\)Đặt \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2016}\)
\(2A=2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2017}\)
\(2A-A=A=2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2017}-2-2^2-2^3-...-2^{2016}\)
\(A=2^{2017}-2\)
Thay vào S ta được:
\(S=-2^{2017}+2+2^{2017}.2016\)
\(S=2^{2017}.2015+2\)
Ta có \(S+2013=2^{2017}.2015+2+2013\)
\(S+2013=2^{2017}.2015+2015\)
\(S+2013=2015\left(2^{2017}+1\right)\)
Suy ra \(S+2013⋮2^{2017}+1\)
Vậy \(S+2013⋮2^{2017}+1\) (đpcm)
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a.
$S=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2017}$
$2S=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2018}$
$\Rightarrow 2S-S=(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2018}) - (1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2017})$
$\Rightarrow S=2^{2018}-1$
b.
$S=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2017}$
$3S=3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{2018}$
$\Rightarrow 3S-S=(3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{2018})-(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2017})$
$\Rightarrow 2S=3^{2018}-3$
$\Rightarrow S=\frac{3^{2018}-3}{2}$
Câu c, d bạn làm tương tự a,b.
c. Nhân S với 4. Kết quả: $S=\frac{4^{2018}-4}{3}$
d. Nhân S với 5. Kết quả: $S=\frac{5^{2018}-5}{4}$
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Cách 1:
a) \( - 2020 = 2.\left( { - 1010} \right)\) nên \(\left( { - 2020} \right):2 = - 1010\)
b) \(64 = \left( { - 8} \right).\left( { - 8} \right) \Rightarrow 64:\left( { - 8} \right) = - 8\)
c) \( - 90 = \left( { - 45} \right).2 \Rightarrow \left( { - 90} \right):\left( { - 45} \right) = 2\)
d) \( - 2121 = 3.\left( { - 707} \right) \Rightarrow \left( { - 2121} \right):3 = - 707\)
Cách 2:
a) \( - 2020 :2=-(2020:2)= - 1010\)
b) \(64:(-8)=-(64:8) = - 8\)
c) \( -90:(-45)=90:45= 2\)
d) \( - 2121 :3=-(2121:3)= - 707\)