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\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+8\left(x-y\right)+16=3-2y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+8\left(x-y\right)+16=3-2y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y+4\right)^2=3-2y^2\) (1)
Do \(\left(x-y+4\right)^2\ge0;\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow3-2y^2\ge0\Rightarrow y^2\le\dfrac{3}{2}\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y^2=0\\y^2=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\left\{-1;0;1\right\}\)
- Với \(y=-1\) thay vào (1):
\(\left(x+5\right)^2=1\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=1\\x+5=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Với \(y=1\) thay vào (1):
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+3\right)^2=1\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=1\\x+3=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Với \(y=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+4\right)^2=3\) (ko có nghiệm nguyên do 3 ko phải SCP)
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\(x^2+10x+26+y^2+2y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+10x+25\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+5\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+5\right)^2=0\\\left(y+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+5=0\\y+1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-5\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(x=-5\)và \(y=-1\)
\(x^2+10x+26+y^2+2y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+10x+25+y^2+2y+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+5\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+5\right)^2=0\\\left(y+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=-5\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy..............
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\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-x+1=xy+2y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-x+1=y\left(x+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{2x^2-x+1}{x+2}=2x-5+\dfrac{11}{x+2}\)
Do y nguyên \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{11}{x+2}\) nguyên \(\Rightarrow x+2=Ư\left(11\right)\)
Mà x nguyên dương \(\Rightarrow x+2\ge3\Rightarrow x+2=11\Rightarrow x=9\)
\(\Rightarrow y=14\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(9;14\right)\)
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\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(y+1\right)^2\le4\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(y+1\right)^2=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\left\{-1;-3;1\right\}\)
Thế vào pt ban đầu tìm x nguyên tương ứng
\(x^2+5y^2+2y-4xy-3=0\left(1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)-4=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=4\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=4\ge\left(y+1\right)^2\)
Mà \(y\in Z\Rightarrow\left(y+1\right)^2\in Z\Rightarrow\left(y+1\right)^2\in\left\{0;1;4\right\}\)
Với \(\left(y+1\right)^2=0\Rightarrow y+1=0\Rightarrow y=-1\)
Thay y=-1 vào pt (1) ta tìm được \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(\left(y+1\right)^2=1\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y+1=1\\y+1=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay y=0 vào pt (1) ta không tìm được x nguyên
Thay y=-2 vào pt (1) ta không tìm được x nguyên
Với \(\left(y+1\right)^2=4\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y+1=-2\\y+1=2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay y=-3 vào pt (1) tìm được \(x=-6\)
Thay y=1 vào pt (1) tìm được \(x=2\)