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Ta có: \(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2-\left(xy+yz+zt+tx\right)=1-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2-xy-yz-zt-tx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2+2t^2-2xy-2yz-2zt-tx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(z^2-2zt+t^2\right)+\left(t^2-2tx+x^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-t\right)^2+\left(t-x\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0;\left(y-z\right)^2\ge0;\left(z-t\right)^2\ge0;\left(t-x\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-t\right)^2+\left(t-x\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x - y = 0 ; y - z = 0 ; z - t = 0 ; t - x = 0 <=> x = y = z = t
Khi đó \(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2=x^2+x^2+x^2+x^2=4x^2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(x=y=z=t=\pm\frac{1}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM cho các số không âm \(x^2,y^2,z^2,t^2\) ta có:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x^2+y^2\geq 2\sqrt{x^2y^2}=2|xy|\geq 2xy\\ y^2+z^2\geq 2|yz|\geq 2yz\\ z^2+t^2\geq 2|zt|\geq 2zt\\ t^2+x^2\geq 2|tx|\geq 2tx\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow 2(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2)\geq 2(xy+yz+zt+tx)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2\geq xy+yz+zt+tx\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra (vì \(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2=1=xy+yz+zt+tx\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=y^2=z^2=t^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=y^2=z^2=t^2=\frac{1}{4}\)
Kết hợp với \(xy+yz+zt+tx=1\) suy ra
\((x,y,z,t)=(\frac{1}{2};\frac{1}{2}; \frac{1}{2}; \frac{1}{2}); (\frac{-1}{2};\frac{-1}{2}; \frac{-1}{2}; \frac{-1}{2})\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(4x^2+4y^2\ge8xy\)
\(16x^2+z^2\ge8zx\)
\(16y^2+z^2\ge8yz\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(20x^2+20y^2+2z^2\ge8\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10x^2+10y^2+z^2\ge4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) đề bị thiếu nha
ta có : \(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2=1\) và \(xy+yz+zt+tx=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2+2t^2-2xy-2yz-2zt-2tx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-t\right)^2+\left(t-x\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=t\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2=1\Leftrightarrow4x^2=1\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=z=t=\pm\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b) ta có : \(x+y+z=6\) và \(x^2+y^2+z^2=12\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2-4x-4y-4z+12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+\left(z-2\right)^2\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)