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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
chỗ \(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n+1}\)phải là \(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\)
a, Ta có
\(\frac{2}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\frac{2\cdot\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{2n+1}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\sqrt{4n^2+4n+1}}< \frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\sqrt{4n^2+4n}}\)
mà \(\frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\sqrt{4n^2+4n}}=\frac{2\cdot\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{2\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}}-\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
b, áp dụng bđt ta có
\(\frac{1}{3\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}+\frac{1}{5\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\frac{1}{4023\cdot\left(\sqrt{2011}+\sqrt{2012}\right)}< \frac{2011}{2013}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\left(2\cdot1+1\right)\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(2\cdot2+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2\cdot2011+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2011}-\sqrt{2012}\right)}\)
\(< 1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}\)..
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}=\frac{\sqrt{2012}-1}{\sqrt{2012}}=\frac{2011}{\sqrt{2012}\cdot\left(\sqrt{2012}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2011}{2012+\sqrt{2012}}< \frac{2011}{2013}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
?Amanda?, Phạm Lan Hương, Phạm Thị Diệu Huyền, Vũ Minh Tuấn, Nguyễn Ngọc Lộc , @tth_new, @Nguyễn Việt Lâm, @Akai Haruma, @Trần Thanh Phương
giúp e với ạ! Cần trước 5h chiều nay! Cảm ơn mn nhiều!
Tranh thủ làm 1, 2 bài rồi ăn cơm:
1/ Đặt \(m=n-2008>0\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{2008}\left(369+2^m\right)\) là số chính phương
\(\Rightarrow369+2^m\) là số chính phương
m lẻ thì số trên chia 3 dư 2 nên ko là số chính phương
\(\Rightarrow m=2k\Rightarrow369=x^2-\left(2^k\right)^2=\left(x-2^k\right)\left(x+2^k\right)\)
b/
\(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a+b-2\right)=a^4+b^4\) \(\left(a+b>2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a+b-2\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\le4\left(a+b-2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-2\right)^2+\left(b-2\right)^2\le0\Rightarrow a=b=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=4\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(a^3+1=(a+1)(a^2-a+1)\leq \left(\frac{a+1+a^2-a+1}{2}\right)^2=\left(\frac{a^2+2}{2}\right)^2\)
\(b^3+1\leq \left(\frac{b^2+2}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{(a^3+1)(b^3+1)}\leq \frac{(a^2+2)(b^2+2)}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a^2}{\sqrt{(a^3+1)(b^3+1)}}\geq \frac{4a^2}{(a^2+2)(b^2+2)}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại:
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \underbrace{\frac{4a^2}{(a^2+2)(b^2+2)}+\frac{4b^2}{(b^2+2)(c^2+2)}+\frac{4c^2}{(c^2+2)(a^2+2)}}_{M}\)
Ta cần CM \(M\geq \frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{a^2(c^2+2)+b^2(a^2+2)+c^2(b^2+2)}{(a^2+2)(b^2+2)(c^2+2)}\geq \frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 3(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)+6(a^2+b^2+c^2)\geq (a^2+2)(b^2+2)(c^2+2)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 3(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)+6(a^2+b^2+c^2)\geq (abc)^2+2(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)+4(a^2+b^2+c^2)+8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2(a^2+b^2+c^2)\geq 72\)
Điều này luôn đúng do theo BĐT AM-GM thì: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq 3\sqrt[3]{(abc)^4}=3\sqrt[3]{8^4}=48\\ 2(a^2+b^2+c^2)\geq 6\sqrt[3]{(abc)^2}=6\sqrt[3]{8^2}=24\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do đó ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=2$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a/ Bạn coi lại đề, \(2\sqrt[3]{2xy}\) hay \(2\sqrt[3]{2}.xy\)
Như đề bạn ghi thì ko rút gọn được
b/ Xét \(\frac{x}{x^4+4}=\frac{x}{x^4+4x^2+4-\left(2x\right)^2}=\frac{x}{\left(x^2+2\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{x}{\left(x^2+2-2x\right)\left(x^2+2+2x\right)}=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x^2+2-2x}-\frac{1}{x^2+2+2x}\right)\)
Thay \(x=2n-1\) ta được:
\(\frac{2n-1}{4+\left(2n-1\right)^4}=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{\left(2n-1\right)^2-2\left(2n-1\right)+2}-\frac{1}{\left(2n-1\right)^2+2\left(2n-1\right)+2}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4\left(n-1\right)^2+1}-\frac{1}{4n^2+1}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4\left(1-1\right)^2+1}-\frac{1}{4.1^2+1}+\frac{1}{4.1^2+1}-\frac{1}{4.2^2+1}+...+\frac{1}{4\left(n-1\right)^2+1}-\frac{1}{4n^2+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\frac{1}{4n^2+1}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{4n^2}{4n^2+1}\right)=\frac{n^2}{4n^2+1}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(n+\left(n+1\right)>2\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}\left(AM-GM\right)\) suy ra:
\(\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right).\frac{\left(n+1\right)-n}{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{n+\left(n+1\right)}< \frac{1}{2}.\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)Áp dụng vào ta có:
\(S_n< \frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{n+1}}< \frac{1}{2}\left(đpcm\right).\)