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1. He worked out the answer . It was clever of him
It was.....clever of him to work out the answer
2 . He was crossing the road . I caught sight of him
I noticed .....him crossing the road
3 When we finally heard that David had arrived , we were very relieved
We were relieved ....to hear that David had arrived
4 Why have you thrown up your job? You're mad
You are...mad to throw up your job.
5 Mr Linh doesn't allow his teenage children to go out in the evenings
Mr Linh doesn't let...his teenage children go out in the evenings
Mr Linh makes ...his teenage children stay at home in the evenings
1. There is a lot of homework. I have to finish it today. There is a lot of homework for me to finish today
2. The man was running out of the bank. Some people saw him then. Some people saw the man running out of the bank
3. The robber forced the cashier to hand in the money. The robber made the cashier hand in the money
4. He worked out the answer. It was clever of him. It was clever of him to work out the answer
Các câu còn lại bạn làm đúng rồi nha =))
Rewrite these sentences using an if construction
1. I did't see the signal so Idid't stop
=> If I had seen the signal, I would have stopped.
2.she did't know you were in hospital so she didn't visit you
=> If she had known you were in hospital, she would have visited you.
3. I did't know your number so I didn't ring
=> If I had known your number, I would have rung.
4.We only came by bus because there were no taxis
=> If there had been some taxis, we wouldn't have come by bus.
5.She didn't speak to him possible because she was so shy
=> If she hadn't been so shy, she would have spoken to him.
6. Landlord: She threatened to set fire to her flat ; that's the only reason I askeed her to leave
=> If she hadn't threatened him, he wouldn't have asked her to leave.
7' we đin't visit the musrum because we hadn't time
=> If we had time, we would have visited the museum.
8.I only came up the stairs because the lift wasn't working
=> If the lift had been working, I wouldn't come up the stairs.
9.We didn't listen carefully; perhaps that's why we made this mistake
=> If we had listened carefully, we wouldn't have made this mistake.
10'We got a lift so we reached the station in time
=> If we hadn't got a lift, we wouldn't have reached the station in time.
11 You washed it in boiling water that's why it shrank
=> If you hadn't washed it in boiling water, it wouldn't have shrunk.
12. We missted the train because we were using an out -of- date timetable
=> If we hadn't used an out of date timetable, we wouldn't have missed the train.
13His own men deserted him; that's the only reason why he failed
=> If his own men hadn't deserted him, he wouldn't have failed.
14 They were driving very quickly .That's why the accident was so terrible ư
=> If they hadn't driven very quickly, the accident wouldn't have been so terrible.
15 it was raining .That the only reason I didn't take the children to the beach
=> If it hadn't rained, I would have taken the children to the beach.
16 When I bought this house I didn't realize that in summer planes skimmed the roof very five minutes
=> If I had realized that in summer planes skimmed the roof every five minutes, I wouldn't have bought it.
17 Tom's father was on the Board'That 's the only reason he got the job
=> If Tom's father hadn't been on the board, he wouldn't have got the job.
18 He wasn't looking where he was going ,That's why he was run over
=> If he hadn't looked where he was going, he wouldn't have run over.
19 I don't like country life perhaps because I wasn't brought up in the country
=> If I had been brought up in the country, I would have liked it.
20 I didn't know he was so quarrelsome '.I'm sorry now that I invited him
=> If I had known he was so quarrelsome, I wouldn't have invited him.
Rewrite these sentences using an if construction
1. I did't see the signal so Idid't stop
=> If I had seen the singnal , I would have stopped
2.she did't know you were in hospital so she didn't visit you
=> If she had known you were in hospital, she would have visited you
3. I did't know your number so I didn't ring
=> if I had known your number , I would have rung
4.We only came by bus because there were no taxis
=> If there had been some taxis, We wouldn't have came by bus
5.She didn't speak to him possible because she was so shy
=> if she hadn't been so shy, she would have speaken to him pissible
6. Landlord: She threatened to set fire to her flat ; that's the only reason I askeed her to leave
7' we đin't visit the musrum because we hadn't time
=> If we had had time, we would have visited the musrum
8.I only came up the stairs because the lift wasn't working
=>If the lift had been working, I would have come up the stairs
9.We didn't listen carefully; perhaps that's why we made this mistake
10'We got a lift so we reached the station in time
=> If we had got a lift , we would have reached the station in time
11 You washed it in boiling water that's why it shrank
12. We missted the train because we were using an out -of- date timetable
13His own men deserted him; that's the only reason why he failed
14 They were driving very quickly .That's why the accident was so terrible ư
15 it was raining .That the only reason I didn't take the children to the beach
=> If it hadn't been raining I would have taken the childran to the beach
16 When I bought this house I didn't realize that in summer planes skimmed the roof very five minutes
=> If I had readlized that in summer planes skimmed the roof very five minutes, I would have bouht this house
17 Tom's father was on the Board'That 's the only reason he got the job
=>If tom's father had been on the board, he would have got the job
18 He wasn't looking where he was going ,That's why he was run over
=> If he hadn't run over, he would have been looing where he was going
19 I don't like country life perhaps because I wasn't brought up in the country
=>If I had brought up in the country, I would have liked coutry lifre perhaps
20 I didn't know he was so quarrelsome '.I'm sorry now that I invited him
=> If I had known ha was so quarrelsome, I would have visited him
Rewrite sentences
1.I don't ride the bus to school every morning because it's always so crowded (If)
=> I would take the bus to school every morning if it weren't always so crowded.
2.The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn't grow (If)
=> If the schoolchildren hadn't forgotten to water the seeds, they would have grown.
3.Stop talking or you won't understand the lesson (If)
=> If you don't stop talking, you won't understand the lesson.
4.The wind is blowing hard, so we won't take the boat out for a ride (If)
=> If the wind weren't blowing hard, we would take the boat out for a ride.
5.Carol didn't answer the phone because she was studying (If)
=> If Carol hadn't been studying she would have answered the phone.
6.I feel better now because you talked to me about my problems yesterday (If)
=> I wouldn't feel better now if you hadn't talked to me about my problems yesterday.
7.Because I don't have enough free time,I can't help my mother with the housework(If)
=> If I had more free time I could help my mother with the housework.
8.Rita is exhausted today because she didn't get any last night (If)
=> Rita wouldn't be exhausted today if she had gotten some sleep last night.
9.I didn't prepare for today's lesson: So it is difficult for me to understand the teacher's explanation (If)
=> It wouldn't be difficult for me to understand the teacher's explanation if I had prepared for today's lesson.
10.'If I had any money I'd buy you a drink,' she said to me (reported speech)
=> She told me if she had had some money she would have bought me a drink.
11.'If I catch the plane I'll be home by five,'he said(reported speech)
=> He said if he caught the plane he would be home by five.
12.'You should stay in bed if you feel unwell,'my mother said (reported speech)
=> My mother advised me to stay in bed if I felt unwell.
13.'What would you do if you were having a problem with grammar,Jane?' Anne asked (reported speech)
=> Anne asked Jane what she would do if she were having a problem with grammar.
14.'I'd have been in bad trouble if Jane hadn't helped me,' he said (reported speech)
=> He said he would have been in bad trouble if Jane hadn't helped him.
15.I met her during my stay in Parist last summer (while)
=> While I was on holiday in Paris last summer, I met her.
16.MacKenzie wrote four best-sellers before he was twenty (By the age)
=> By the age of twenty, MacKenzie had written four best sellers.
17.He was crossing the road.I caught sight of him
=> I noticed him crossing the road.
18.Jimmy got into his car and drove away.I saw this
=> I saw Jim getting into his car and drove away.
19.They had a good meal and then went to dance
=> After they had had a good meal, they went to dance.
EXERCISE 1:REPLACE THE UNDERLINED CLAUSES BY A INFINDITIVE OR INFINITIVE PHRASE
1.I don't like him playing in the street.I wish we had a garden that he clould play in.=>for him to play in
2.He simply loves parties.he is always the first who comes and the last who leaves.=>to come/ to leave
3.the last person who leaves the room must turn off the light.
=>to leave the room must turn off the lights
4.the first man who was intervieswed was entirely unsuitable
=>to be interviewed
5.I've got a bottle of wine but I haven't got anything that I could open it with
=>To open it with
EXERCISE 2: USE REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES IN PLACE OF THE RELATIVE CLAUSES
1.we had a river in which we could swim
=>We had a river to swim.
2.Here are some accounts that you must check
=>Here are some accounts for you to check
3.the last student that was interviewed was tom
=>The last student to be interviewed was Tom.
4.we visited hanoi.which is the capital of vietnam
=>We visited Hanoi, the capital of VN.
5.my father.who is pilot.often goes abroad
=>My father, a pilot, often goes abroad.
6.I was the only one who realized him
=> I was the only one to realize him.
7.I have some homework which I must do tonight
=> I have some homework to do tonight.
8.Our solar system is in a galaxy that is called the milky way
=>Our solar system is in a galaxy called the Milky Way.
9.I was awakened by the sound of a laughter which came from the room which was next to mine at the motel
=>I was awakened by the sound of a laughter coming from the room next to mine at the hotel.
10.there are six reports which have to be typed today
=>There are six reports to be typed today.
1. Thank you very much for a present which you sent me.
2. She was dancing with a student who had a slight limp
3. I am looking after some children who are terribly spoilt
4. The bed which I sleep on has no mattress.
5. Romeo and Juliet, whose parents hated each other, were lovers.
6. There wasn`t any directory in the telephone box which I was phoning from.
7. This is Mrs.Jones, whose son won the championship last year
8. I was sitting in a chair which suddenly collapsed
9. Mr.Smith, whom I had some specially to see, said he was too busy to speak to me.
10. The man whom I had some to see was sitting at the desk.
12. His girlfriend, who he trusted absolutely, turned out to be an enemy spy.
14. This is the story of a man whose wife suddenly loses her memory
15. We`ll have to get across the frontier, which will be difficult
16. a man brought in a small girl whose hand had been cut by flying glass
17. The car crashed into a queue of people, four of whom were killed
18. The roads were crowded with refugees, many of whom were wounded
19. The man who I was waiting for didn't turn up
20. Tom came to the party in patched jeans, which surprised the other guests, most of the other guests were wearing evening dress
1. Here are the letters. They amved this
Here are the letters which they amved
2. He was sitting in the cmergency room. It was very crowded
He was sitting in the emergency room, which was very crowded
3 Thats the house. I was born in it
That's the house in which / where I was born
4. That's the dictionary Bill gave it to me for Christmas.
That's the dictionary which Bill gave to me for Christmas
5. The children went to New York. They speak English.
The children who speak English went to New York
6. I met Arthur Jones His book on sports sells very well
I met Arthur Jones, whose book on sports sells very well
7. Steve and Lynn are Americans. They own the little restaurant on Bndge Street
Steve and Lynn who own the little restaurant on Bndge Street are Americans
8. Their story sounds incrediblc. It is true
Their story, which sounds incredible, is true
9. Those are the ears. They only take unleaded petrol.
Those are the ears which only take unleaded petrol
10. Do you like the people? Sarah invited then to her party
Do you like the people whom Sarah invited to her party ?
II. The man was sick He looked very pale.
The man who looked very pale was sick / The man who was sick looked very pale
12. The doctor asked him to lie down. She looked very womed
The doctor, who looked very womed, asked him to lie down
13. Who was that man? I saw you with that man in the restaurant. (pre pronoun)
Who was that man whom I saw you with in the restaurant ?
14. The wall is dirty You are leaning against it. (pre pronoun)
The wall which you are leaning against is dirty
I5. Dr. Rowan has had to do all his own typing His secretary resigned two weeks ago
Dr. Rowan, whose secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing
16. Harry is an engineer. His wife has just given birth to twins
Harry, whose wife has just given birth to twins, is an engineer
17. This is my friend I was spcaking of him
This is my friend whom I was speaking of
18. Tom bad been driving all day. He was tired and wanted to stop
Tom, who had been driving all day, was tired and wanted to stop
19. We praised John. His performance was remarkable.
We praised John, whose performance was remarkable
20. I'm going to visit Brazil. I don't know anything at all about it (pre pronoun)
I'm going to visit Brazil, which I don't know anything at all about
21. My uncle Tom will be arriving tomorrow. You've heard so much about him. (prespronoun)
My uncle Tom, whom you've heard so much about, will be arriving tomorrow
22. history of the town will be published soon Pcople know nothing about it (pre pronoun)
History of the town, which people know nothing about, will be published soon23. The architect designed these flats. He has moved to HCM City
The architect who designed these flats has moved to HCM City
24. Do you know the music? It is being played on the radio.
Do you know the music which is being played on the radio ?
25. One of the elephants had only one tusk. We saw these clephants at the zoo
We saw these elephants at the zoo, one of which had only one tusk
1. It was clever of him to work out the answer.
2. Marie is always careful of paying her bills regularly.
3. I noticed him crossing the road.
4. We were relieved to hear that David had arrived.
5. You are mad to throw up your job.
6. I saw Jimmy get into his car and drive away.
7. We are disappointed not to hear from Molly.
8. She is usually quite easy to contact at work.
Rewrite the sentence or join the pairs of sentences beginning with the word(s) given.
1. He worked out the answer.It was clever of him.
It was ______ his intelligence to find the answer
2. Marie always pays her bills regularly. She's careful that way.
Marie is always ___paying her bills carefully_______
3. He was crossing the road. I caught sight of him.
I noticed _____ him when he crossed the street____
4. When we finally heard that David had arrived, we were very relieved.
We were relieved _ when we heard David arrived_
5. Why have you thrown up your job? You're mad.
You are _ mad to throw up your job_
6. Jimmy got into his car and drove away. I saw this.
I saw _ Jimmy get into his car and drive away_
7. It is disappointing that we haven't heard from Molly.
We are __ disappointed not to hear what Molly said
8. Contacting her at work is usually quite easy.
She is _ very quite easy to contact her at work__