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The history of surfing undoubtedly goes (0) BACK a long way. It seems to (9) ..have........ formed a central part of the culture of the Polynesian people, who were inhabitants of islands in the Pacific Ocean (10) .....such..... as Samoa, Tonga, and Hawaii. These people did not regard surfing (11) ....as...... a mere recreational activity. For them, it was much (12) .....more..... of an art. Although surfing disappeared from many parts of Polynesia in (13) ...the....... early twentieth century, a small number of people in Hawaii kept the tradition alive. In 1912, it spread to the east coast of the United States, and in particular to Virginia Beach, (14) .....which..... became an important surfing center. Surfing developed quite rapidly from then on, and the design of surfboards became more sophisticated. However, (15) ....it...... was not until the 1960s that surfing came to be a truly global phenomenon, boosted not only by the success of surfing films (16) .....but..... also by pop songs about surfing cultur
each year, on September 22th people in over 1500 cities in 40 countries ảound the globe celebrate World Carfree day. This annual event, which is coordinated by the World Car Network in Parague and supported. by the European Union and the United Nations, aim to raise awareness of ....the..... problems caused by put dependence on private cars. Streets are closed to traffic and opened instead to street parties, theater, bicycles demonstrations or ourdoor cafe, in order to show people what your city might loook like ......if..... there were fewer or no cars. Over one hundred milion people are believe to take ......part..... in the celebration, though this figure is difficulty to verify.
The hope of the organizers is that the initiative will serve as a catalyst and lead to more permanent changes ......which...... will promote and encourage more environmentally friendly alternatives to the car, .....such....... as walking, cycling, and public transport. ...........However............, with increasing globe car production and a world which .....is...... grown used to the benefits of private transport, skeptics of the event say the battle is already lost. One can only hope they are wrong and even if it is unlikely we will see cities ........without........ any cars at all, people may at least begin to change their habits and leave their car at home more often
Like other big cities in Asia , Hanoi began to (1)..................... the tram system in the early 1900s. A few years later , due to its cheap fares and convenience , this system rapidly became one of the most popular means of transport.There were five tram routes with HoanKIem Lake as a central station for residents to get (2)................... the city and to the suburan areas. However ,beacause of the population boom and the urgent demand for upgrading the more mordern road system , the rail tracks were (3)....................... removed and completely disappeared in 1990.
These days ,the fact that the population of the capita; has risen tremendously results in a dramatic increase in the number of vehicles on the roads . To meet the incresing travel demands and reduce traffic congestion , the first 13 - kilometre skytrain aystem , connecting Cat Linh va Ha Dong is (4).................. and it is expected to be completed by 2018 .Each four -compartment skytrain with the length of approximately 80 metres and the height of about 3.8 metres has a capacity of 1,362 passengers .Additionally , a new rail system includingover eight kilometres of skytrain rail and four kilometres of submay rail , (5)......................... links Hanoi Central Station to Nhon ,also has being built recently .The capacity of each skytrain in this efficent high-speed rail sustem is roughly 1,200 passengers.
1, A discover B improve C operate D install
2, A around B over C By D ahead
3, A occasionally B gradually C regularly D eventually
4, A pressed B launched C produced D announced
5 A which B what C whose D where
53. Orchard Road is an ideal …………location…………for a boutique. (locate)
54. Tourists from all corners of the ………globe……………flock to the city in multitudes. (global)
55. The city is ………characterized……………by tall modern buildings in steel and glass. (character)
56. London continues to top the list of the world’s leading …………financial…………centers. (finance)
57. The Statue of Liberty is one of New York’s most popular tourist …………attractions…………. (attract)
58. New York was settled in 1613 by Dutch and ………originally……………called New Amsterdam. (origin)
59. I enjoy going to the city center at weekends, though it is always ………packed……………with people. (pack)
60. Since its …………foundation…………, Mexico City has had serious problems with the supply of water. (found)
46. oldest
47. evolutionary
48. surprisingly
49. tropical
50. impressive
51. approximately
52. colourful
53. uncommon
54. careless
55. unlikely
V. Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).Example: 0. spectacular
DAINTREE RAINFOREST
Rainforests are not only 0 ( spectacle)................ but also provide shelter for lover half the species of plants and animals on Earth. The Daintree Rainforest in Queensland, Australia, is the world's 46 (old) oldest rainforest and is a living record of 47 ( evolution) evolutionary change. It receives vast amounts of rainfall in torrential showers that last for a few hours, with bright sunshine the rest of the time. Temperatures in the forest are 48 ( surprise) surprisingly mild thanks to the towering trees. This 49 (tropic) tropical environment has everything from sandy beaches to 50 (impress) impressive plants and flowers.51 (approximate) Approximately 430 types of birds live among these trees, including 13 species not found anywhere else in the world. The forest is also home to 52 (colour) colourful butterflies, owls, huge lizards, and giant treefrogs. It is not 53 (common) uncommon to see Estuarine crocodiles on the riverbanks - in fact, they are a constant threat to 54 ( care) careless swimmers.The Daintree Rainforest is 55 ( like) unlikely to avoid destruction by theoutside world forever. However, it is of vital importance that we try to protect this amazing natural treasure for as long as we can.
A recent proposal to limit the speed cars (0) __can__ reach is proving controversial. The ideal, put (54)___forward_____ by the Institute for Road Safely, involves fitting vehicles with a communications box containing a digital map of the road network. (55)____When____ a car is in motion, the communications box –which knows how fast the vehicle is legally permitted to travel on a particular section of road – automatically regulate the car’s speed. (56)____It____, therefore, becomes impossible for a vehicle fitted with (57)____such____ a device to exceed the speed limit.
There are plans to change motorists to drive into the centre of major cities, and a communications box could be used to identify vehicles that enter this zone. At present, (58)____each____time a vehicle does so, its number plate is photographed. (59)____Then____ the number is compared against a list of authorised vehicles, but this system is costly and (60)_____far___ from foolproof. The system (61)___could_____ be in place quickly if the government wished as part (62)____that____ the
technology has already been developed for another purpose. Electronic vehicle identification is unpopular with some people, who regard it as an infringement of their rights. (63)____They____ would certainly object to the plan to restrict the speed of their cars, (64)____which____ may make the government hesitate to go through 4
with it. But by forcing drivers to slow (65)___down_____, the scheme would save lives, and this is likely to be popular with the general public.