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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.

Understanding India's Caste System

It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s caste system is an example of this.

The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person’s caste was supposed to be determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family.

There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India’s caste system. The highest one is Brahmin. People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class. People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled labourers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be employed as artists.

There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren’t allowed to pray at public temples or drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves.

Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improving.

All of the following are true about the Harijan EXCEPT that ______.

A. they used to be known as Untouchables 

B. they had to do undesirable jobs in society 

C. any contact between someone from another caste with an Untouchable was considered unacceptable 

D. anyone from another caste coming to contact with an Untouchable is not allowed to pray at temples

1
21 tháng 2 2018

Chọn D

Tất cả những điều sau đây là đúng về Harijan TRỪ________. 
A. họ thường được gọi là tầng lớp tiện dân 
B. họ phải làm những công việc không mong muốn trong xã hội 
C. bất kỳ sự liên lạc nào giữa một người từ đẳng cấp khác với tầng lớp tiện dân được coi là không thể chấp nhận 
D. bất cứ ai từ đẳng cấp khác tiếp xúc với một tầng lớp tiện dân không được phép cầu nguyện tại đền thờ

Thông tin ở các đáp án còn lại đều được đưa ra ở đoạn 4. Thông tin trong đáp án cuối cùng không được đề cập đến trong bài. Câu cuối của đoạn 4 chỉ cho biết bất cứ người nào từ một đẳng cấp khác tiếp xúc với một người thuộc tầng lớp tiện dân, họ sẽ bị coi là bẩn thỉu và phải tắm thật sạch để làm sạch mình, không có thông tin cho thấy người đó không được phép cầu nguyện ở các đền.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks. Understanding India's Caste System It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.

Understanding India's Caste System

It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s caste system is an example of this.

The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person’s caste was supposed to be determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family.

There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India’s caste system. The highest one is Brahmin. People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class. People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled labourers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be employed as artists.

There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren’t allowed to pray at public temples or drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves.

Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improving.

Which of the following is not true about India’s caste system?

A. The caste system has been used in India for a long time. 

B. The Kshatriya is the second highest class.

C. Hard work helps people move up in the caste system. 

D. It is possible that a Shudra would work on a farm.

1
3 tháng 3 2019

Chọn C

Điều nào sau đây không đúng về chế độ đẳng cấp của Ấn Độ? 
A. Chế độ đẳng cấp đã được sử dụng ở Ấn Độ trong một thời gian dài. 
B. Kshatriya là đẳng cấp cao thứ hai. 
C. Công việc nặng nhọc giúp người ta tiến lên trong chế độ đẳng cấp.
D. Có thể một Shudra sẽ làm việc trên một trang trại.

Thông tin ở các đáp án còn lại đều chính xác và có thể được tìm thấy trong bà

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.Understanding India's Caste SystemIt has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.

Understanding India's Caste System

It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s caste system is an example of this.   

The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person’s caste was supposed to be determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family.

There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India’s caste system. The highest one is Brahmin. People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class. People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled labourers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be employed as artists. 

There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren’t allowed to pray at public temples or drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves. 

Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improving

Which of the following is not true about India’s caste system?

A. The caste system has been used in India for a long time

B. The Kshatriya is the second highest class

C. Hard work helps people move up in the caste system

D. It is possible that a Shudra would work on a farm

1
24 tháng 9 2017

Đáp án C

Điều nào sau đây không đúng về chế độ đẳng cấp của Ấn Độ? 

A. Chế độ đẳng cấp đã được sử dụng ở Ấn Độ trong một thời gian dài. 

B. Kshatriya là đẳng cấp cao thứ hai. 

C. Công việc nặng nhọc giúp người ta tiến lên trong chế độ đẳng cấp.

D. Có thể một Shudra sẽ làm việc trên một trang trại. 

=> đáp án C 

Thông tin ở các đáp án còn lại đều chính xác và có thể được tìm thấy trong bài. Việc một người thuộc đắng cấp nào phụ thuộc vào gia đình và công việc của họ, không có thông tin cho thấy nếu làm việc chăm chỉ, họ sẽ được lên đẳng cấp cao hơn

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks. Understanding India's Caste System It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.

Understanding India's Caste System

It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s caste system is an example of this.

The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person’s caste was supposed to be determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family.

There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India’s caste system. The highest one is Brahmin. People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class. People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled labourers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be employed as artists.

There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren’t allowed to pray at public temples or drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves.

Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improving.

What is the caste system mainly based on?

A. What a person believes on

B. When a person starts school 

C. Who a person’s parents are

D. Where a person was born

1
10 tháng 2 2018

Chọn C

Chế độ đẳng cấp chủ yếu dựa vào? 
A. Một người tin vào những gì 
B. Khi một người bắt đầu học 
C. Cha mẹ của một người là ai 
D. Nơi một người được sinh ra

  Điều này có thể được suy ra từ hai câu cuối cùng của đoạn đầu tiên: "In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India‟s caste system is an example of this." (Ở một số nơi, gia đình mà bạn được sinh ra sẽ quyết định hầu hết mọi thứ về cuộc sống của bạn. Chế độ đẳng cấp ở Ấn Độ là một ví dụ). Có nghĩa là chế độ đẳng cấp phụ thuộc vào việc bố mẹ của một người là ai.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.Understanding India's Caste SystemIt has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.

Understanding India's Caste System

It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s caste system is an example of this.   

The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person’s caste was supposed to be determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family.

There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India’s caste system. The highest one is Brahmin. People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class. People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled labourers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be employed as artists. 

There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren’t allowed to pray at public temples or drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves. 

 

Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improving

What is the caste system mainly based on?

A. What a person believes on  

B. When a person starts school   

C. Who a person’s parents are  

D. Where a person was born

1
3 tháng 7 2018

Đáp án C

Chế độ đẳng cấp chủ yếu dựa vào? 

A. Một người tin vào những gì  B. Khi một người bắt đầu học 

C. Cha mẹ của một người là ai   D. Nơi một người được sinh ra 

=> đáp án C 

Điều này có thể được suy ra từ hai câu cuối cùng của đoạn đầu tiên: "In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India‟s caste system is an example of this." (Ở một số nơi, gia đình mà bạn được sinh ra sẽ quyết định hầu hết mọi thứ về cuộc sống của bạn. Chế độ đẳng cấp ở Ấn Độ là một ví dụ). Có nghĩa là chế độ đẳng cấp phụ thuộc vào việc bố mẹ của một người là ai

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.Understanding India's Caste SystemIt has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.

Understanding India's Caste System

It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s caste system is an example of this.   

The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person’s caste was supposed to be determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family.

There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India’s caste system. The highest one is Brahmin. People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class. People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled labourers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be employed as artists. 

There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren’t allowed to pray at public temples or drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves. 

Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improving

What does the passage suggest about the future of the caste system?

A. One day soon it won’t be used anymore in India

B. It is probably going to get worse before it gets better

C. The bottom groups will rise to rule over the top classes

D. It will likely continue to exist for a long time in India

1
29 tháng 4 2019

Đáp án D

Đoạn văn đề xuất gì về tương lai của hệ thống giai cấp? 

A. Một ngày nào đó nó sẽ không được sử dụng ở Ấn Độ nữa. 

B. Nó có thể sẽ trở nên tồi tệ hơn trước khi nó tốt hơn. 

C. Các nhóm dưới đáy sẽ đứng lên để cai trị các tầng lớp hàng đầu. 

D. Nó có thể sẽ tiếp tục tồn tại trong một thời gian dài ở Ấn Độ. 

=> đáp án D 

Thông tin này được tìm thấy ở câu kết của bài viết: "It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improving." (Có vẻ như chế độ đẳng cấp sẽ không biến mất trong thời gian tới, nhưng những điều kiện chung dành cho những người ở dưới đáy dường như đang được cải thiện).

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.Understanding India's Caste SystemIt has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.

Understanding India's Caste System

It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s caste system is an example of this.   

The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person’s caste was supposed to be determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family.

There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India’s caste system. The highest one is Brahmin. People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class. People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled labourers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be employed as artists. 

There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren’t allowed to pray at public temples or drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves. 

 

Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improving

All of the following are true about the Harijan EXCEPT that ________.

A. they used to be known as Untouchables 

B. they had to do undesirable jobs in society  

C. any contact between someone from another caste with an Untouchable was considered unacceptable   

D. anyone from another caste coming to contact with an Untouchable is not allowed to pray at temples

1
14 tháng 1 2018

Đáp án D

Tất cả những điều sau đây là đúng về Harijan TRỪ________. 

A. họ thường được gọi là tầng lớp tiện dân 

B. họ phải làm những công việc không mong muốn trong xã hội 

C. bất kỳ sự liên lạc nào giữa một người từ đẳng cấp khác với tầng lớp tiện dân được coi là không thể chấp nhận 

D. bất cứ ai từ đẳng cấp khác tiếp xúc với một tầng lớp tiện dân không được phép cầu nguyện tại đền thờ 

=> đáp án D

Thông tin ở các đáp án còn lại đều được đưa ra ở đoạn 4. Thông tin trong đáp án cuối cùng không được đề cập đến trong bài. Câu cuối của đoạn 4 chỉ cho biết bất cứ người nào từ một đẳng cấp khác tiếp xúc với một người thuộc tầng lớp tiện dân, họ sẽ bị coi là bẩn thỉu và phải tắm thật sạch để làm sạch mình, không có thông tin cho thấy người đó không được phép cầu nguyện ở các đền

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks. Understanding India's Caste System It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s...
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.

Understanding India's Caste System

It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s caste system is an example of this.

The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person’s caste was supposed to be determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family.

There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India’s caste system. The highest one is Brahmin. People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class. People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled labourers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be employed as artists.

There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren’t allowed to pray at public temples or drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves.

Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improving.

What could replace the word "ruling” in paragraph 3?

A. defeating

B. guessing

C. delaying

D. governing

1
30 tháng 7 2018

Chọn D

Từ gì có thể thay thế từ “ruling” trong đoạn 3?

A. đánh bại                    B. đoán                          C. trì hoãn                   D. cầm quyền

Ruling: thống trị, cầm quyền = governing

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks. Understanding India's Caste System It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.

Understanding India's Caste System

It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s caste system is an example of this.

The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person’s caste was supposed to be determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family.

There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India’s caste system. The highest one is Brahmin. People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class. People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled labourers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be employed as artists.

There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren’t allowed to pray at public temples or drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves.

Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improving.

The word “this” in paragraph 1 refers to ________.

A. the fact that your origin will mostly decide your future 

B. the pleasure of life in India 

C. the India’s caste system existing for thousands of years

D. the major part of the Hindu religion

1
14 tháng 9 2019

Chọn A

Từ “this” trong đoạn 1 đề cập đến ________. 
A. thực tế là gốc gác của bạn sẽ chủ yếu quyết định tương lai của bạn 
B. niềm vui của cuộc sống ở Ấn Độ 
C. chế độ đẳng cấp Ấn Độ tồn tại trong hàng ngàn năm 
D. phần lớn tôn giáo Hindu

  “this” ở đây đề cập đến vấn đề được đưa ra ở câu trước đó: “In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life.” (Ở một số nơi, gia đình mà bạn được sinh ra sẽ quyết định hầu hết mọi thứ về cuộc sống của bạn), có thể hiểu đó là sự thật rằng gốc gác sẽ quyết định phần lớn tương lai của mỗi người.

Hiểu chế độ đẳng cấp của Ấn Độ

  Người ta nói rằng cuộc sống là những gì chúng ta nhìn nhận về nó. Nói cách khác, nếu chúng ta làm việc chăm chỉ và tập trung vào các mục tiêu, chúng ta có thể có sự nghiệp tuyệt vời và đạt được địa vị cao trong xã hội. Tuy nhiên, những cơ hội này không dành cho tất cả mọi người. Ở một số nơi, gia đình mà bạn được sinh ra sẽ quyết định hầu hết mọi thứ về cuộc sống của bạn. Chế độ đẳng cấp ở Ấn Độ là một ví dụ về điều này.

  Chế độ đẳng cấp là một phần quan trọng của tôn giáo Ấn Độ đã tồn tại hàng ngàn năm nay. Đó là một cách tổ chức và phân loại nhóm người dựa vào nghề nghiệp gia đình. Các đẳng cấp sẽ xác định những người mà mọi người có thể kết giao và vị thế của họ trong xã hội. Ban đầu, đẳng cấp của một người được cho là được xác định bởi tính cách của họ, nhưng theo thời gian nó lại liên quan đến công việc và gia đình của họ.

  Có bốn đẳng cấp, còn được gọi là varna, trong chế độ đẳng cấp ở Ấn Độ. Đẳng cấp cao nhất là Brahmin (Bà la môn). Những người thuộc đẳng cấp này thường làm việc trong lĩnh vực giáo dục và tôn giáo. Những nghề này được xem là có chức năng đặc biệt quan trọng trong xã hội bởi họ phải làm việc với kiến thức. Đẳng cấp cao thứ hai là Kshatriya, hay tầng lớp thống trị. Những người thuộc nhóm này có thể là những người lính, địa chủ hoặc làm việc trong lĩnh vực chính trị. Đẳng cấp tiếp theo là Vaishya. Những người này thường là các thương nhân làm việc trong lĩnh vực thương mại. Đẳng cấp thứ tư là Shudra. Shudras thường là những người lao động không có tay nghề làm việc tại nhà máy hoặc trang trại, hoặc họ cũng có thể là những nghệ sĩ làm công.

  Còn có một tầng lớp khác nữa, Harijan, nằm dưới đáy và được coi là không thuộc chế độ đẳng cấp. Trong nhiều năm, họ được biết đến như là tầng lớp tiện dân, những người thuộc tầng lớp này nắm giữ những công việc không ai muốn trong xã hội như dọn rác. Hơn nữa, họ không được phép cầu nguyện ở các đền thờ công cộng hay uống nước từ cùng một giếng với các đẳng cấp khác. Nếu bất cứ người nào thuộc một đẳng cấp khác tiếp xúc với một người thuộc tầng lớp tiện dân, họ sẽ bị coi là bẩn thỉu và phải tắm rửa thật sạch sẽ để làm sạch mình.

  Mặc dù chế độ đẳng cấp vẫn còn tồn tại ở Ấn Độ, chính phủ đang tiến hành từng bước để cải thiện điều kiện sống và làm giảm tỷ lệ thất nghiệp cho người Shudras và Harijan. Việc này bao gồm việc cung cấp các dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe tốt hơn, tổ chức các chương trình xóa mù chữ, đảm bảo chắc chắn những người thuộc các tầng lớp xã hội cao hơn không bóc lột họ. Có vẻ như chế độ đẳng cấp sẽ không biến mất trong tương lai gần, nhưng những điều kiện chung dành cho những người ở dưới đáy dường như đang được cải thiện. 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.Understanding India's Caste SystemIt has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.

Understanding India's Caste System

It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s caste system is an example of this.   

The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person’s caste was supposed to be determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family.

There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India’s caste system. The highest one is Brahmin. People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class. People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled labourers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be employed as artists. 

There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren’t allowed to pray at public temples or drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves. 

 

Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improving

What kind of job would a Brahmin likely have?

A. A priest  

B. A warrior  

C. An inventor  

D. A painter

1
18 tháng 5 2019

Đáp án A

Loại công việc mà một Brahmin có khả năng có? 

A. Một linh mục

B. Một chiến binh 

C. Một nhà phát minh

D. Một họa sĩ 

=> đáp án A

Có thể suy ra từ câu thứ ba của đoạn 3: “People in this class have jobs in education and religion.” (Những người thuộc giai cấp này thường làm việc trong lĩnh vực giáo dục và tôn giáo). Trong 4 đáp án được đưa ra, chỉ có “priest” (linh mục) thuộc một trong hai lĩnh vực này.