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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family- providing the funds to pay for food and shelter.

However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women- fathers and mothers- have had to enter the workforce. Generally, the reasons for both being involved in the workforce revolve around the need to add to the family’s current financial base. To a lesser extent, the need to interact with “adults” in a stimulating work environment is another popular reason. Whatever their reasons, for many families, the decision for father and mother to go out of home and join the labour force has led to a number of side effects within the home which, in turn, impact upon their performance as employees.

Many researchers agree that attitudes towards work are carried over into family life. This spillover can be positive or negative. Positive spillover refers to the spread of satisfaction and positive stimulation at work resulting in high levels of energy and satisfaction at home. If the amount of research is to be taken as an indication, it would seem that positive spillover is not a dominant occurrence in the workplace with most research focusing on the effects of negative spillover. Often pointing out the incompatible nature of work and family life, the research focuses on problems and conflict at work which has the effect of draining and preoccupying the individual, making it difficult for him or her to participate fully in family life.

Social scientists have devised a number of theories in an attempt to explain the work-family dynamic. Compensation theory is one which has been widely used. It assumes that the relationship between work and family is negative by pointing out that high involvement in one sphere- invariably the work sphere- leads to low involvement in the other. As an individual advances within a career, demands typically fluctuate from moderate to more demanding and if the advancing worker has younger children, this shift in work responsibilities will usually manifest itself in the form of less time spent with the family. Researchers subscribing to this theory point out that the drain on family time is significantly related to work-family conflict with an escalation in conflict, as the number of families increase.

 

The word “breadwinner” is closest in meaning to ____________.

A. earner 

B. bread maker 

C. winner 

D. bread

1
2 tháng 7 2019

Đáp án C

Từ “breadwinner” gần nghĩa với ____________.

A. người kiếm tiền

B. hãng sản xuất bánh mì

C. người chiến thắng

D. bánh mì

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family- providing the funds to pay for food and shelter.However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women- fathers and mothers-...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family- providing the funds to pay for food and shelter.

However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women- fathers and mothers- have had to enter the workforce. Generally, the reasons for both being involved in the workforce revolve around the need to add to the family’s current financial base. To a lesser extent, the need to interact with “adults” in a stimulating work environment is another popular reason. Whatever their reasons, for many families, the decision for father and mother to go out of home and join the labour force has led to a number of side effects within the home which, in turn, impact upon their performance as employees.

Many researchers agree that attitudes towards work are carried over into family life. This spillover can be positive or negative. Positive spillover refers to the spread of satisfaction and positive stimulation at work resulting in high levels of energy and satisfaction at home. If the amount of research is to be taken as an indication, it would seem that positive spillover is not a dominant occurrence in the workplace with most research focusing on the effects of negative spillover. Often pointing out the incompatible nature of work and family life, the research focuses on problems and conflict at work which has the effect of draining and preoccupying the individual, making it difficult for him or her to participate fully in family life.

Social scientists have devised a number of theories in an attempt to explain the work-family dynamic. Compensation theory is one which has been widely used. It assumes that the relationship between work and family is negative by pointing out that high involvement in one sphere- invariably the work sphere- leads to low involvement in the other. As an individual advances within a career, demands typically fluctuate from moderate to more demanding and if the advancing worker has younger children, this shift in work responsibilities will usually manifest itself in the form of less time spent with the family. Researchers subscribing to this theory point out that the drain on family time is significantly related to work-family conflict with an escalation in conflict, as the number of families increase.

 

The main reason fathers and mothers join the workforce is ___.

A. they want to escape the boring environment of home

B. they need the mature interaction that goes on between adults

C. they want to be able to retire comfortably

D. they need extra money

1
18 tháng 8 2019

Đáp án D

Lý do chính mà cha và mẹ tham gia lực lượng lao động là ____________.

 A. họ muốn thoát khỏi môi trường nhàm chán của gia đình

 B. họ cần sự tương tác trưởng thành diễn ra giữa người lớn

 C. họ muốn có thể nghỉ hưu thoải mái

 D. họ cần thêm tiền

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family– providing the funds to pay for food and shelter. However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women– fathers and...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family– providing the funds to pay for food and shelter.

However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women– fathers and mothers– have had to enter the workforce. Generally, the reasons for both being involved in the workforce revolve around the need to add to the family’s current financial base. To a lesser extent, the need to interact with “adults” in a stimulating work environment is another popular reason. Whatever their reasons, for many families, the decision for father and mother to go out of home and join the labour force has led to a number of side effects within the home which, in turn, impact upon their performance as employees.

Many researchers agree that attitudes towards work are carried over into family life. This spillover can be positive or negative. Positive spillover refers to the spread of satisfaction and positive stimulation at work resulting in high levels of energy and satisfaction at home. If the amount of research is to be taken as an indication, it would seem that positive spillover is not a dominant occurrence in the workplace with most research focusing on the effects of negative spillover. Often pointing out the incompatible nature of work and family life, the research focuses on problems and conflict at work which has the effect of draining and preoccupying the individual, making it difficult for him or her to participate fully in family life.

Social scientists have devised a number of theories in an attempt to explain the work–family dynamic.

Compensation theory is one which has been widely used. It assumes that the relationship between work and family is negative by pointing out that high involvement in one sphere– invariably the work sphere– leads to low involvement in the other. As an individual advances within a career, demands typically fluctuate from moderate to more demanding and if the advancing worker has younger children, this shift in work responsibilities will usually manifest itself in the form of less time spent with the family. Researchers subscribing to this theory point out that the drain on family time is significantly related to work–family conflict with an escalation in conflict, as the number of families increase.

The main reason fathers and mothers join the workforce is ____________.

A. they want to escape the boring environment of home

B. they need the mature interaction that goes on between adults

C. they want to be able to retire comfortably

D. they need extra money

1
30 tháng 10 2018

D

Nguyên nhân chính các ông bố bà mẹ tham gia lao động là ____

A. họ muốn thoát khỏi môi trường nhàm chán ở nhà

B. họ muốn các tương tác trưởng thành giữa những người lớn

C. họ muốn có thể nghỉ hưu một cách thoải mái

D. họ muốn có thêm tiền

Dẫn chứng: “Generally, the reasons for both being involved in the workforce revolve around the need to add to the family’s current financial base.”

Tạm dịch: Nhìn chung, lý do để cả hai tham gia vào lực lượng lao động xoay quanh nhu cầu bổ sung vào nền tảng tài chính hiện tại của gia đình.

=> Đáp án: D

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family– providing the funds to pay for food and shelter. However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women– fathers and...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family– providing the funds to pay for food and shelter.

However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women– fathers and mothers– have had to enter the workforce. Generally, the reasons for both being involved in the workforce revolve around the need to add to the family’s current financial base. To a lesser extent, the need to interact with “adults” in a stimulating work environment is another popular reason. Whatever their reasons, for many families, the decision for father and mother to go out of home and join the labour force has led to a number of side effects within the home which, in turn, impact upon their performance as employees.

Many researchers agree that attitudes towards work are carried over into family life. This spillover can be positive or negative. Positive spillover refers to the spread of satisfaction and positive stimulation at work resulting in high levels of energy and satisfaction at home. If the amount of research is to be taken as an indication, it would seem that positive spillover is not a dominant occurrence in the workplace with most research focusing on the effects of negative spillover. Often pointing out the incompatible nature of work and family life, the research focuses on problems and conflict at work which has the effect of draining and preoccupying the individual, making it difficult for him or her to participate fully in family life.

Social scientists have devised a number of theories in an attempt to explain the work–family dynamic.

Compensation theory is one which has been widely used. It assumes that the relationship between work and family is negative by pointing out that high involvement in one sphere– invariably the work sphere– leads to low involvement in the other. As an individual advances within a career, demands typically fluctuate from moderate to more demanding and if the advancing worker has younger children, this shift in work responsibilities will usually manifest itself in the form of less time spent with the family. Researchers subscribing to this theory point out that the drain on family time is significantly related to work–family conflict with an escalation in conflict, as the number of families increase.

The word “breadwinner” is closest in meaning to ____________.

A. earner

B. bread maker 

C. winner 

D. bread

1
12 tháng 10 2019

A

Dịch nghĩa: Từ “breadwinner” - “trụ cột gia đình” gần nghĩa nhất với ________

A. Người kiếm tiền

B. Người làm bánh mì   

C. Người chiến thắng

D. Bánh mì

=> Đáp án A

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family– providing the funds to pay for food and shelter. However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women– fathers and...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family– providing the funds to pay for food and shelter.

However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women– fathers and mothers– have had to enter the workforce. Generally, the reasons for both being involved in the workforce revolve around the need to add to the family’s current financial base. To a lesser extent, the need to interact with “adults” in a stimulating work environment is another popular reason. Whatever their reasons, for many families, the decision for father and mother to go out of home and join the labour force has led to a number of side effects within the home which, in turn, impact upon their performance as employees.

Many researchers agree that attitudes towards work are carried over into family life. This spillover can be positive or negative. Positive spillover refers to the spread of satisfaction and positive stimulation at work resulting in high levels of energy and satisfaction at home. If the amount of research is to be taken as an indication, it would seem that positive spillover is not a dominant occurrence in the workplace with most research focusing on the effects of negative spillover. Often pointing out the incompatible nature of work and family life, the research focuses on problems and conflict at work which has the effect of draining and preoccupying the individual, making it difficult for him or her to participate fully in family life.

Social scientists have devised a number of theories in an attempt to explain the work–family dynamic.

Compensation theory is one which has been widely used. It assumes that the relationship between work and family is negative by pointing out that high involvement in one sphere– invariably the work sphere– leads to low involvement in the other. As an individual advances within a career, demands typically fluctuate from moderate to more demanding and if the advancing worker has younger children, this shift in work responsibilities will usually manifest itself in the form of less time spent with the family. Researchers subscribing to this theory point out that the drain on family time is significantly related to work–family conflict with an escalation in conflict, as the number of families increase.

What is the main focus of this passage?

A. Roles of husbands in a family

B. Relationships between family and job satisfaction

C. Positive attitude to work

D. Relationships between work itself and job satisfaction

1
30 tháng 10 2018

B

Trọng tâm của đoạn văn này là gì?

A. Vai trò của người chồng trong gia đình

B. Mối quan hệ giữa gia đình và sự thỏa mãn nghề nghiệp

C. Thái độ tích cực với công việc

D. Mối quan hệ giữa bản thân công việc và sự thỏa mãn nghề nghiệp

Giải thích: Trong suốt đoạn văn ta thấy tác giả bàn về mối quan hệ khi một người đi làm với trách nhiệm gia đình, thể hiện qua các cụm như “work-family conflict”.

=>Đáp án B

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family- providing the funds to pay for food and shelter.However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women- fathers and mothers-...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family- providing the funds to pay for food and shelter.

However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women- fathers and mothers- have had to enter the workforce. Generally, the reasons for both being involved in the workforce revolve around the need to add to the family’s current financial base. To a lesser extent, the need to interact with “adults” in a stimulating work environment is another popular reason. Whatever their reasons, for many families, the decision for father and mother to go out of home and join the labour force has led to a number of side effects within the home which, in turn, impact upon their performance as employees.

Many researchers agree that attitudes towards work are carried over into family life. This spillover can be positive or negative. Positive spillover refers to the spread of satisfaction and positive stimulation at work resulting in high levels of energy and satisfaction at home. If the amount of research is to be taken as an indication, it would seem that positive spillover is not a dominant occurrence in the workplace with most research focusing on the effects of negative spillover. Often pointing out the incompatible nature of work and family life, the research focuses on problems and conflict at work which has the effect of draining and preoccupying the individual, making it difficult for him or her to participate fully in family life.

Social scientists have devised a number of theories in an attempt to explain the work-family dynamic. Compensation theory is one which has been widely used. It assumes that the relationship between work and family is negative by pointing out that high involvement in one sphere- invariably the work sphere- leads to low involvement in the other. As an individual advances within a career, demands typically fluctuate from moderate to more demanding and if the advancing worker has younger children, this shift in work responsibilities will usually manifest itself in the form of less time spent with the family. Researchers subscribing to this theory point out that the drain on family time is significantly related to work-family conflict with an escalation in conflict, as the number of families increase.

 

What is the main focus of this passage?

A. Roles of husbands in a family

B. Relationships between family and job satisfaction

C. Positive attitude to work 

D. Relationships between work itself and job satisfaction

1
30 tháng 12 2019

Đáp án B

Trọng tâm chính của đoạn văn này là gì?

A. Vai trò của người chồng trong một gia đình

B. Mối quan hệ giữa sự hài lòng của gia đình và công việc

C. thái độ tích cực để làm việc

D. Mối quan hệ giữa bản thân công việc và sự hài lòng công việc

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family– providing the funds to pay for food and shelter. However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women– fathers and...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family– providing the funds to pay for food and shelter.

However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women– fathers and mothers– have had to enter the workforce. Generally, the reasons for both being involved in the workforce revolve around the need to add to the family’s current financial base. To a lesser extent, the need to interact with “adults” in a stimulating work environment is another popular reason. Whatever their reasons, for many families, the decision for father and mother to go out of home and join the labour force has led to a number of side effects within the home which, in turn, impact upon their performance as employees.

Many researchers agree that attitudes towards work are carried over into family life. This spillover can be positive or negative. Positive spillover refers to the spread of satisfaction and positive stimulation at work resulting in high levels of energy and satisfaction at home. If the amount of research is to be taken as an indication, it would seem that positive spillover is not a dominant occurrence in the workplace with most research focusing on the effects of negative spillover. Often pointing out the incompatible nature of work and family life, the research focuses on problems and conflict at work which has the effect of draining and preoccupying the individual, making it difficult for him or her to participate fully in family life.

Social scientists have devised a number of theories in an attempt to explain the work–family dynamic.

Compensation theory is one which has been widely used. It assumes that the relationship between work and family is negative by pointing out that high involvement in one sphere– invariably the work sphere– leads to low involvement in the other. As an individual advances within a career, demands typically fluctuate from moderate to more demanding and if the advancing worker has younger children, this shift in work responsibilities will usually manifest itself in the form of less time spent with the family. Researchers subscribing to this theory point out that the drain on family time is significantly related to work–family conflict with an escalation in conflict, as the number of families increase.

According to the passage, positive spillover ______________.

A. is only a positive attitude toward work

B. is the conflict at work

C. refers to the spread of satisfaction at work resulting in high levels of satisfaction at home

D. assumes that the relationship between work and family is negative

1
10 tháng 2 2017

C

Theo đoạn văn, sự lan tràn tích cực __________

A.chỉ là thái độ tích cực với công việc

B.là mẫu thuẫn trong công việc

C.chỉ sự lan tỏa sự hài lòng trong công việc dẫn đến mức độ cao của sự hài lòng lúc ở nhà

D.giả sử rằng mối quan hệ giữa công việc và gia đình là tiêu cực

Dẫn chứng: “Positive spillover refers to the spread of satisfaction and positive stimulation at work resulting in high levels of energy and satisfaction at home.”

Tạm dịch: Sự lan tỏa tích cực liên quan đến sự lây lan của sự hài lòng và kích thích tích cực trong công việc dẫn đến mức độ về sức lực và sự hài lòng cao ở nhà. 

=>Đáp án C

Dịch bài

Các giá trị chính trị và gia đình trong xã hội đã ảnh hưởng đến cấu trúc gia đình hiện đại. Theo truyền thống, vai trò của người đàn ông là người trụ cột gia đình - cung cấp ngân quỹ để chi trả lương thực và chỗ ở. Tuy nhiên, do nhiều trách nhiệm mới và đặc biệt được đặt lên gia đình, trong nhiều trường hợp cả nam giới và phụ nữ - cha và mẹ - phải tham gia lao động. Nhìn chung, lý do để cả hai tham gia vào lực lượng lao động xoay quanh nhu cầu bổ sung vào nền tảng tài chính hiện tại của gia đình. Ở mức độ thấp hơn, nhu cầu tương tác với "người lớn" trong một môi trường làm việc hào hứng là một lý do phổ biến khác. Bất kể lý do của họ, đối với nhiều gia đình, quyết định của cha mẹ ra khỏi nhà và tham gia vào lực lượng lao động đã dẫn đến một số tác động phụ trong nhà, cái mà ngược lại lại ảnh hưởng đến năng suất của họ trong vai trò nhân viên. Nhiều nhà nghiên cứu đồng ý rằng thái độ đối với công việc được đưa vào đời sống gia đình. Sự lan truyền này có thể là tích cực hoặc tiêu cực. Sự lan tỏa tích cực liên quan đến sự lây lan của sự hài lòng và kích thích tích cực trong công việc dẫn đến mức độ về sức lực và sự hài lòng cao ở nhà. Nếu số lượng nghiên cứu được đưa ra như là một chỉ dẫn, có vẻ như sự lan tỏa tích cực không phải là một sự xuất hiện chiếm ưu thế tại nơi làm việc với hầu hết các nghiên cứu tập trung vào những ảnh hưởng của sự lan tỏa tiêu cực. Thường thì chỉ ra bản chất không tương thích của công việc và cuộc sống gia đình, nghiên cứu tập trung vào các vấn đề và mâu thuẫn trong công việc mà có ảnh hưởng của việc cạn kiệt và bận tâm cá nhân, gây khó khăn cho chồng hoặc vợ tham gia đầy đủ vào cuộc sống gia đình.

Các nhà khoa học xã hội đã đưa ra một số lý thuyết nhằm giải thích sự năng động của gia đình – công việc. Lý thuyết đền bù là một thứ đã được sử dụng rộng rãi. Nó giả định rằng mối quan hệ giữa công việc và gia đình là tiêu cực bằng cách chỉ ra rằng sự tham gia cao trong một lĩnh vực - luôn là lĩnh vực làm việc - dẫn đến sự liên quan thấp trong lĩnh vực kia. Một cá nhân tiến bộ trong sự nghiệp, nhu cầu thường dao động từ trung bình đến đòi hỏi nhiều hơn và nếu người lao động tiến bộ có con nhỏ hơn, sự thay đổi trong trách nhiệm làm việc này thường biểu hiện dưới dạng ít thời gian hơn dành cho gia đình. Các nhà nghiên cứu đồng ý theo lý thuyết này chỉ ra rằng sự cạn kiệt thời gian gia đình có liên quan đáng kể đến xung đột giữa công việc và gia đình với sự leo thang xung đột khi số lượng gia đình gia tăng.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family- providing the funds to pay for food and shelter.However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women- fathers and mothers-...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family- providing the funds to pay for food and shelter.

However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women- fathers and mothers- have had to enter the workforce. Generally, the reasons for both being involved in the workforce revolve around the need to add to the family’s current financial base. To a lesser extent, the need to interact with “adults” in a stimulating work environment is another popular reason. Whatever their reasons, for many families, the decision for father and mother to go out of home and join the labour force has led to a number of side effects within the home which, in turn, impact upon their performance as employees.

Many researchers agree that attitudes towards work are carried over into family life. This spillover can be positive or negative. Positive spillover refers to the spread of satisfaction and positive stimulation at work resulting in high levels of energy and satisfaction at home. If the amount of research is to be taken as an indication, it would seem that positive spillover is not a dominant occurrence in the workplace with most research focusing on the effects of negative spillover. Often pointing out the incompatible nature of work and family life, the research focuses on problems and conflict at work which has the effect of draining and preoccupying the individual, making it difficult for him or her to participate fully in family life.

Social scientists have devised a number of theories in an attempt to explain the work-family dynamic. Compensation theory is one which has been widely used. It assumes that the relationship between work and family is negative by pointing out that high involvement in one sphere- invariably the work sphere- leads to low involvement in the other. As an individual advances within a career, demands typically fluctuate from moderate to more demanding and if the advancing worker has younger children, this shift in work responsibilities will usually manifest itself in the form of less time spent with the family. Researchers subscribing to this theory point out that the drain on family time is significantly related to work-family conflict with an escalation in conflict, as the number of families increase.

 

According to the passage, positive spillover ______________.

A. is only a positive attitude toward work

B. is the conflict at work 

C. refers to the spread of satisfaction at work resulting in high levels of satisfaction at home

D. assumes that the relationship between work and family is negative

1
30 tháng 12 2017

Đáp án C

Theo đoạn văn, lan truyền tích cực:

 A. chỉ là một thái độ tích cực đối với công việc

 B. là xung đột tại nơi làm việc

 C. đề cập đến sự lây lan của sự hài lòng trong công việc dẫn đến mức độ hài lòng cao ở nhà

 D. giả định rằng mối quan hệ giữa công việc và gia đình là tiêu cự

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family- providing the funds to pay for food and shelter.However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women- fathers and mothers-...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family- providing the funds to pay for food and shelter.

However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women- fathers and mothers- have had to enter the workforce. Generally, the reasons for both being involved in the workforce revolve around the need to add to the family’s current financial base. To a lesser extent, the need to interact with “adults” in a stimulating work environment is another popular reason. Whatever their reasons, for many families, the decision for father and mother to go out of home and join the labour force has led to a number of side effects within the home which, in turn, impact upon their performance as employees.

Many researchers agree that attitudes towards work are carried over into family life. This spillover can be positive or negative. Positive spillover refers to the spread of satisfaction and positive stimulation at work resulting in high levels of energy and satisfaction at home. If the amount of research is to be taken as an indication, it would seem that positive spillover is not a dominant occurrence in the workplace with most research focusing on the effects of negative spillover. Often pointing out the incompatible nature of work and family life, the research focuses on problems and conflict at work which has the effect of draining and preoccupying the individual, making it difficult for him or her to participate fully in family life.

Social scientists have devised a number of theories in an attempt to explain the work-family dynamic. Compensation theory is one which has been widely used. It assumes that the relationship between work and family is negative by pointing out that high involvement in one sphere- invariably the work sphere- leads to low involvement in the other. As an individual advances within a career, demands typically fluctuate from moderate to more demanding and if the advancing worker has younger children, this shift in work responsibilities will usually manifest itself in the form of less time spent with the family. Researchers subscribing to this theory point out that the drain on family time is significantly related to work-family conflict with an escalation in conflict, as the number of families increase.

 

The word "it" in the third paragraph refers to __________.

A. family life

B. family life

C. spillover

D. Compensation theory

1
24 tháng 12 2019

Đáp án D

Từ "nó" trong đoạn thứ ba đề cập đến __________.

A. cuộc sống gia đình

B. cuộc sống gia đình

C. lan tràn

D. bồi thường

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family– providing the funds to pay for food and shelter. However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women– fathers and...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Political and family values within society have impacted upon the modern family structure. Traditionally, it has been the man’s role to be the breadwinner for the family– providing the funds to pay for food and shelter.

However, due to the many new and unique responsibilities placed upon families, in numerous cases both men and women– fathers and mothers– have had to enter the workforce. Generally, the reasons for both being involved in the workforce revolve around the need to add to the family’s current financial base. To a lesser extent, the need to interact with “adults” in a stimulating work environment is another popular reason. Whatever their reasons, for many families, the decision for father and mother to go out of home and join the labour force has led to a number of side effects within the home which, in turn, impact upon their performance as employees.

Many researchers agree that attitudes towards work are carried over into family life. This spillover can be positive or negative. Positive spillover refers to the spread of satisfaction and positive stimulation at work resulting in high levels of energy and satisfaction at home. If the amount of research is to be taken as an indication, it would seem that positive spillover is not a dominant occurrence in the workplace with most research focusing on the effects of negative spillover. Often pointing out the incompatible nature of work and family life, the research focuses on problems and conflict at work which has the effect of draining and preoccupying the individual, making it difficult for him or her to participate fully in family life.

Social scientists have devised a number of theories in an attempt to explain the work–family dynamic.

Compensation theory is one which has been widely used. It assumes that the relationship between work and family is negative by pointing out that high involvement in one sphere– invariably the work sphere– leads to low involvement in the other. As an individual advances within a career, demands typically fluctuate from moderate to more demanding and if the advancing worker has younger children, this shift in work responsibilities will usually manifest itself in the form of less time spent with the family. Researchers subscribing to this theory point out that the drain on family time is significantly related to work–family conflict with an escalation in conflict, as the number of families increase.

The word "it" in the third paragraph refers to __________.

A. family life

B. family life

C. spillover 

D. Compensation theory

1
23 tháng 10 2017

D

Từ “it” ở đoạn thứ ba chỉ ____

A.cuộc sống gia đình

B. công việc

C. sự lan tỏa

D. Thuyết đền bù

Dẫn chứng: “Compensation theory is one which has been widely used. It assumes that the relationship between work and family is negative”

Tạm dịch:  Lý thuyết đền bù là một thứ đã được sử dụng rộng rãi. Nó giả định rằng mối quan hệ giữa công việc và gia đình là tiêu cực. Tức là lý thuyết đền bù giả định rằng….         

=> Đáp án D