K
Khách

Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.

In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.

While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modem societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.

In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

According to the passage, why do people join groups that practice secondary cooperation?

A. To experience the satisfaction of cooperation

B. To associate with people who have similar backgrounds

C. To get rewards for themselves

D. To defeat a common enemy

1
11 tháng 10 2017

Đáp án C

Keyword: why, secondary cooperation

Clue: “Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power”: Các thành viên thực hiện các nhiệm vụ đ họ có thể từng người tận hưởng thành quả của sự hợp tác đó dưới dạng tiền lương, sự uy tín, hoặc uy quyền.

Xét các đáp án:

A. To experience the satisfaction of cooperation: Nhằm trải nghiệm sự hài lòng của sự hợp tác

B. To associate with people who have similar backgrounds: Nhằm liên kết với những người có cùng xuất thân, trình độ

C. To get rewards for themselves: Nhằm ly phần thưởng cho chính bản thân họ

D. To defeat a common enemy: Nhằm đánh bại một kẻ thù chung

Đọc manh mối thấy rằng dạng thứ hai của hợp tác là dành cho những người hợp tác vì kết qu, thành quả lao động. Như vậy ta chọn C.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes. In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life....
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.

In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.

While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modem societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration, Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.

In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

Which of the following is an example of the third form of cooperation as it is defined in the fourth paragraph?

A. Students form a study group so that all of them can improve their grades

B. Members of a farming community share work and the food that they grow

C. Two rival political parties temporarily work together to defeat a third party

D. A new business attempts to take customers away from an established company

1
27 tháng 8 2017

Đáp án C.

Keywords: example, third form of cooperation, fourth paragraph.

Clue: “The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship”: Thái độ của các bên hoàn toàn là thái độ cơ hội: tô chức lỏng lẻo và mỏng manh. Sự điu tiết bao gồm những phương thức chung nhm đạt được mục tiêu đi nghịch: Tổ chức sẽ tan rã khi phương thức chung này ngừng trợ giúp mỗi bên trong việc đạt được mục tiêu. Nói một cách khắt khe thì đây hoàn toàn không phải là hợp tác, và vì vậy thuật ngữ hợp tác đi nghịch có phần mâu thuẫn này vẫn thnh thoảng được sử dụng để gọi mối quan hệ hợp tác này.

Phân tích: Chọn đáp án C. Two rival political parties temporarily work together to defeat a third party: Hai bên đi th chính trị nht thời hợp tác đánh bại bên thứ ba.

Do nht thời hp tác nên tổ chức giữa hai bên chính trị này có thể không chặt chẽ và sẽ tan rã sau khi đánh bại được bên thứ ba. Dù là đi thủ nhưng cùng hp tác đánh bại một mục tiêu chung. Các đáp án khác không phù hợp.

A. Students form a study group so that all of them can improve their grades: Những em học sinh tạo thành một nhóm học tập đ tất c các em cùng ci thiện điểm số.

B. Members of a farming community share work and the food that they grow: Thành viên ca cộng đồng nông nghiệp chia sẻ công việc và lương thực họ trồng được.

D. A new business attempts to take customers away from an established company: Mật công ty mới c gắng lôi kéo khách hàng khỏi một công ty danh tiếng. (Các em chú ý “established company” ờ đây không phải là một công ty đã được thành lập mà phải hiểu là một công ty sừng sỏ, lâu đời, có uy tín).

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life....
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.

In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.

While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modem societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.

In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

Which of the following is an example of the third form of cooperation as it is defined in the fourth paragraph?

A. Students form a study group so that all of them can improve their grades

B. Members of a farming community share work and the food that they grow

C. Two rival political parties temporarily work together to defeat a third party

D. A new business attempts to take customers away from an established company.

1
29 tháng 7 2018

Đáp án C

Keywords: example, third form of cooperation, fourth paragraph.

Clue: “The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship”: Thái độ của các bên hoàn toàn là thái độ cơ hội: tổ chức lỏng lomỏng manh. Sự điều tiết bao gồm nhng phương thức chung nhằm đạt được mục tiêu đối nghịch: Tổ chức sẽ tan rã khi phương thức chung này ngng trợ giúp mỗi bên trong việc đạt được mục tiêu. Nói một cách khắt khe thì đây hoàn toàn không phải là hợp tác, và vì vậy thuật ngữ hợp tác đối nghịch có phần mâu thuẫn này vẫn thnh thoảng được sử dụng để gọi mi quan hệ hợp tác này.

Phân tích: Chọn đáp án C. Two rival political parties temporarily work together to defeat a third party: Hai bên đối thủ chính trị nhất thời hợp tác đánh bại bên thứ ba.

Do nhất thời hợp tác nên t chức giữa hai bên chính tr này có thể không chặt chẽ và sẽ tan rã sau khi đánh bại được bên thứ ba. Dù là đối thủ nhưng cùng hợp tác đánh bại một mục tiêu chung. Các đáp án khác không phù hợp.

A. Students form a study group so that all of them can improve their grades: Những em học sinh tạo thành một nhóm học tập để tất c các em cùng cải thiện điểm số.

B. Members of a farming community share work and the food that they grow: Thành viên của cộng đồng nông nghiệp chia sẻ công việc và lương thực họ trồng được.

D. A new business attempts to take customers away from an established company: Một công ty mới cố gắng lôi kéo khách hàng khỏi một công ty danh tiếng. (Các em chú ý “established company” đây không phải là một công ty đã được thành lập mà phải hiểu là một công ty sừng sỏ, lâu đời, có uy tín).

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes. In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life....
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.

In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.

While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modem societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration, Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.

In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

Which of the following statements about primary cooperation is supported by information in the passage?

A. It is usually the first stage of cooperation achieved by a group of individuals attempting to cooperate

B. It is most commonly seen among people who have not yet developed reading and writing skills

C. It is an ideal that can never be achieved

D. It was confined to prehistoric times

1
16 tháng 2 2018

Đáp án B.

Keywords: primary cooperation, supported.

Clue: “While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies..,”: Trong khi hợp tác sơ đẳng thường chủ yếu là đặc tính của xã hội thuộc thời kỳ tiền văn tự ...

Xã hội thuộc thời kỳ tiền văn tự nghĩa là xã hội khi việc đọc viết chưa phổ biến. Có thể suy ra như sau “literate” là biết đọc, biết viết. Thêm tiền tố “pre” phía trước suy nghĩa là trước khi biết đọc biết viết. Thông tin được làm rõ trong đoạn 2 về “primary cooperation” là đáp án B. It is most commonly seen among people who have not yet developed reading and writing skills: Thy ph biến nhất ở những người chưa phát triển kỹ năng đọc và viết.

Các đáp án còn lại là sai:

A. It is usually the first stage of cooperation achieved by a group of individuals attempting to cooperate: Đây thường là giai đoạn hợp tác đu tiên của một nhóm cá nhân cgng hợp tác.

C. It is an ideal that can never be achieved: Đó là một lý tưng mà không bao giờ có th đạt được.

D. It was confined to prehistoric times: Nó bị giới hạn vào thời tiền s.

Kiến thức cần nhớ

- cooperation (n)

- in cooperation with sb: cộng tác với ai

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life....
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.

In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.

While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modem societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.

In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

Which of the following statements about primary cooperation is supported by information in the passage?

A. It is usually the first stage of cooperation achieved by a group of individuals attempting to cooperate

B. It is most commonly seen among people who have not yet developed reading and writing skills

C. It is an ideal that can never be achieved

D. It was confined to prehistoric times

1
9 tháng 3 2017

Đáp án B

Keywords: primary cooperation, supported.

Clue: “While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies...”: Trong khi hợp tác sơ đẳng thường chủ yếu là đặc tính của xã hội thuộc thời kỳ tiền văn tự ...

Xã hội thuộc thời kỳ tiền văn tự nghĩa là xã hội khi việc đọc viết chưa phbiến. Có thể suy ra như sau “literate” biết đọc, biết viết. Thêm tiền tố “pre” phía trước suy nghĩa là trước khi biết đọc biết viết. Thông tin được làm rõ trong đoạn 2 về “primary cooperation” là đáp án B. It is most commonly seen among people who have not yet developed reading and writing skills: Thấy phổ biển nhất ở những người chưa phát triển kỹ năng đọcviết.

Các đáp án còn lại là sai:

A. It is usually the first stage of cooperation achieved by a group of individuals attempting to cooperate: Đây thường là giai đoạn hợp tác đầu tiên của một nhóm cá nhân cố gắng hợp tác.

C. It is an ideal that can never be achieved: Đó là một lý tưởng mà không bao giờ có thể đạt được.

D. It was confined to prehistoric times: Nó bị giới hạn vào thời tiền sử.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life....
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.

In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.

While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modem societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.

In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

Which of the following is NOT given as a name for the third type of cooperation?

A. Tertiary cooperation

B. Antagonistic cooperation

C. Accommodation         

D. Latent conflict

1
14 tháng 5 2017

Đáp án D

Keywords: NOT, the third type of cooperation.

Clue: “In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work... and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship”: Ở loại thứ ba, được gọi là tertiary cooperation hoặc accommodation thì latent conflict nhấn mạnh công việc chung ... và vì vậy thuật ngữ antagonistic cooperation có phần mâu thuẫn này vẫn thỉnh thoảng được sử dụng để gọi mối quan hệ này (Câu trên có một số thuật ngữ mà chỉ có chuyên gia về lĩnh vực này mới có thể giải thích chính xác được. Mục đích chính của mình ch là làm sao tr lời đúng câu hỏi là được. Nên các em không phải lăn tăn chỗ này làm gì nhiều cho mất thi gian nhé).

Phân tích: Ta thấy ý A, B, C đều xuất hiện trong manh mối là các tên gọi khác nhau của loại hình hợp tác thứ ba này. Còn đáp án D. Latent conflict không phải là tên ca loại thứ ba đó.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes. In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life....
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.

In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.

While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modem societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration, Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.

In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

Which of the following is NOT given as a name for the third type of cooperation?

A. Tertiary cooperation

B. Antagonistic cooperation

C. Accommodation

D. Latent conflict

1
24 tháng 7 2017

Đáp án D.

Keywords: NOT, the third type of cooperation.

Clue: “In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work... and hence the somewhat conữadictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship”: Ở loại thứ ba, được gọi là tertiary cooperation hoặc accommodation thì latent conflict nhn mạnh công việc chung ... và vì vậy thuật ngữ antagonistic cooperation có phần mâu thuẫn này vẫn thnh thoảng được sử dụng để gọi mối quan hệ này. (Câu trên có một số thuật ngữ mà ch có chuyên gia về lĩnh vực này mới có thể giải thích chính xác được. Mục đích chính của mình chỉ là làm sao tr lời đúng câu hỏi là được. Nên các em không phải lăn tăn chỗ này làm gì nhiều cho mất thời gian nhé).

Phân tích: Ta thấy ý A, B, C đều xuất hiện trong manh mối là các tên gọi khác nhau ca loại hình hp tác thứ ba này. Còn đáp án D. Latent conflict không phải là tên ca loại thứ ba đó.

Kiến thức cần nhớ

antagonistic (adj): đối nghịch

- hostile (adj) = unfriendly (adj) = incompatible (adj)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes. In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life....
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.

In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.

While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modem societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration, Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.

In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

According to the passage, why do people join groups that practice secondary cooperation?

A. To experience the satisfaction of cooperation

B. To associate with people who have similar backgrounds

C. To get rewards for themselves

D. To defeat a common enemy

1
24 tháng 2 2018

Đáp án C.

Keyword: why, secondary cooperation

Clue: “Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power”: Các thành viên thực hiện các nhiệm vụ để họ có thể từng người tận hưng thành quả của sự hợp tác đó dưới dạng tiền lương, sự uy tín, hoặc uy quyn.

Xét các đáp án:

A. To experience the satisfaction of cooperation: Nhằm trải nghiệm sự hài lòng của sự hợp tác

B. To associate with people who have similar backgrounds: Nhằm liên kết với những người cố cùng xuất thân, trình độ

C. To get rewards for themselves: Nhằm lấy phần thưởng cho chính bản thân họ

D. To defeat a common enemy: Nhằm đánh bại một kẻ thù chung

Đọc manh mối thấy rằng dạng thứ hai của hợp tác là dành cho những người hp tác vì kết quả, thành quà lao động. Như vậy ta chọn C.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.    Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.    In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

   Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.

   In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.   

   While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterature societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modem societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.

   In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

Which of the following is an example of the third form of cooperation as it is defined in the fourth paragraph?

A. Members of a farming community share work and the food that they grow

B. Two rival political parties temporarily work together to defeat a third party


          

C. Students form a study group so that all of them can improve their grades


          

D. A new business attempts to take customers away from an established company

1
22 tháng 7 2017

Đáp án B

Thông tin: In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals; it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals.

Dịch nghĩa: Trong loại thứ ba, gọi là hợp tác thứ ba hoặc sự thỏa thuận, xung đột tiềm ẩn là cơ sở cho công việc chung. Thái độ của các bên hợp tác hoàn toàn mang tính cơ hội: tổ chức lỏng lẻo và dễ vỡ. Sự thỏa thuận liên quan đến phương tiện chung để đạt được các mục tiêu đối kháng: nó sụp đổ khi các phương tiện chung không còn hỗ trợ mỗi bên trong việc đạt được mục tiêu của mình.

Như vậy bản chất của hợp tác loại ba là hai bên vốn đối đầu nhau, nhưng tạm thời hợp tác để đạt được một mục tiêu chung, sau khi đạt được lại quay trở lại quan hệ ban đầu.

Phương án B. Two rival political parties temporarlly work together to defeat a third party = Hai đảng chính trị đối thủ tạm thời làm việc với nhau để đánh bại một bên thứ ba; là phương án chính xác nhất.

A. Members of a farming community share work and the food that they grow = Thành viên của một cộng đồng nông nghiệp chia sẻ công việc và thực phẩm mà họ trồng.

Đây là ví dụ của hợp tác cơ bản.

C. Students form a study group so that all of them can improve their grades = Học sinh tạo thành một nhóm nghiên cứu để tất cả trong số họ có thể cải thiện điểm số.

Đây là ví dụ của hợp tác thứ cấp.

D. A new business attempts to take customers away from an established company = Một doanh nghiệp mới cố gắng để đưa khách hàng đi từ một công ti đã thành lập.

Đây không phải ví dụ phù hợp cho bất cứ loại hợp tác nào được nhắc đến trong bài

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.  Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.  In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

  Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.

  In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued. 

  While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterature societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modem societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.

          In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

 

Which of the following is an example of the third form of cooperation as it is defined in the fourth paragraph?

A. Members of a farming community share work and the food that they grow

B. Two rival political parties temporarily work together to defeat a third party

C. Students form a study group so that all of them can improve their grades

D. A new business attempts to take customers away from an established company

1
25 tháng 4 2018

Chọn B
Thông tin:
In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals; it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals.

Dịch nghĩa: Trong loại thứ ba, gọi là hợp tác thứ ba hoặc sự thỏa thuận, xung đột tiềm ẩn là cơ sở cho công việc chung. Thái độ của các bên hợp tác hoàn toàn mang tính cơ hội: tổ chức lỏng lẻo và dễ vỡ. Sự thỏa thuận liên quan đến phương tiện chung để đạt được các mục tiêu đối kháng: nó sụp đổ khi các phương tiện chung không còn hỗ trợ mỗi bên trong việc đạt được mục tiêu của mình.

Như vậy bản chất của hợp tác loại ba là hai bên vốn đối đầu nhau, nhưng tạm thời hợp tác để đạt được một mục tiêu chung, sau khi đạt được lại quay trở lại quan hệ ban đầu.

Phương án B. Two rival political parties temporarlly work together to defeat a third party = Hai đảng chính trị đối thủ tạm thời làm việc với nhau để đánh bại một bên thứ ba; là phương án chính xác nhất.

A. Members of a farming community share work and the food that they grow = Thành viên của một cộng đồng nông nghiệp chia sẻ công việc và thực phẩm mà họ trồng.

Đây là ví dụ của hợp tác cơ bản.

C. Students form a study group so that all of them can improve their grades = Học sinh tạo thành một nhóm nghiên cứu để tất cả trong số họ có thể cải thiện điểm số.

Đây là ví dụ của hợp tác thứ cấp.

D. A new business attempts to take customers away from an established company = Một doanh nghiệp mới cố gắng để đưa khách hàng đi từ một công ti đã thành lập.

Đây không phải ví dụ phù hợp cho bất cứ loại hợp tác nào được nhắc đến trong bài