Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each...

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.

The world is losing languages at an alarming rate. Michael Krauss suggested that of the approximately 6,000 human languages alive today, only 350 to 500 are safe from extinction. Some linguists estimate that a language dies every two weeks or so. At the current rate, by 2100, about 2,500 native languages could disappear.

Languages become extinct for many reasons. Through imperialism, colonizers impose their languages on colonies. Some politicians believe multilingualism will fragment national interests. Thus they prohibit education in all but the national language. Another reason for language death is the spread of more powerful languages. In the world today, several languages, including English, are so dominant in commerce, science, and education, that languages with fewer speakers have trouble competing.

Although in the past, governments have been one of the primary causes of language death, many have now become champions of preserving endangered languages and have had some significant successes. Two outstanding examples are the revival of Hebrew and Irish. Hebrew was considered a dead language, like Latin, but is now the national language of Israel. Irish was not dead, but severely threatened by English when the government of Ireland began its rescue immediately after the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. All students in public schools must now take some classes in Irish and there are Irish programs in major media, such as television and radio. According to the Irish government, approximately 37% of the population of Ireland now speaks Irish.

One of the largest programs to revive languages, Documenting Endangered Languages (DEL), is being conducted by three U.S. government agencies: the National Science Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the National Museum of Natural History. Researchers funded by these agencies are recording interviews with the mostly elderly people who still speak the languages. Analyses of these interviews will help linguists publish dictionaries and grammars of the languages. Eventually, linguists hope to establish language-training programs where younger people can learn the languages, carrying them on into the future.

The linguists participating in DEL defend spending millions of dollars to preserve dying languages. They point out that when a language dies, humanity loses all of the knowledge of the world that that culture held. Traditional healers in rural areas have given scientists important leads in finding new medicines; aspirin is an example of these. But one of the most common reasons given by these researchers is that studying languages gives us insight into the radically different way humans organize their world. David Lightfoot, an official at the National Science foundation, gives the example of Guguyimadjir, and Australian aboriginal language, in which there are no words for “right” or left,” only for “north,” “south,” “east,” and “west.”

Many researchers are optimistic that the efforts to save dying languages will succeed, at least in part. Bruce L. Cole, Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities, said, “Not only is this a time of great potential loss, it is also a moment for enormous potential gain. In this modern age of computers and our growing technological capabilities, we can preserve, assemble, analyze, and understand unprecedented riches of linguistic and cultural information.”
Question:According to the passage, which language is a dead language?

A. Irish

B. English

C. Hebrew

D. Latin

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

15 tháng 11 2017

Đáp án D

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Theo đoạn văn, ngôn ngữ nào là một ngôn ngữ chết?

A. Ailen C. Do Thái

B. tiếng Anh D. tiếng Latin

Thông tin: Hebrew was considered a dead language, like Latin, but is now the national language of Israel.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.The world is losing languages at an alarming rate. Michael Krauss suggested that of the approximately 6,000 human languages alive today, only 350 to 500 are safe from extinction. Some linguists estimate that a language dies every two weeks or so. At the current rate, by 2100, about 2,500 native languages could disappear.Languages become extinct...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

30 tháng 6 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.

The world is losing languages at an alarming rate. Michael Krauss suggested that of the approximately 6,000 human languages alive today, only 350 to 500 are safe from extinction. Some linguists estimate that a language dies every two weeks or so. At the current rate, by 2100, about 2,500 native languages could disappear.

Languages become extinct for many reasons. Through imperialism, colonizers impose their languages on colonies. Some politicians believe multilingualism will fragment national interests. Thus they prohibit education in all but the national language. Another reason for language death is the spread of more powerful languages. In the world today, several languages, including English, are so dominant in commerce, science, and education, that languages with fewer speakers have trouble competing.

Although in the past, governments have been one of the primary causes of language death, many have now become champions of preserving endangered languages and have had some significant successes. Two outstanding examples are the revival of Hebrew and Irish. Hebrew was considered a dead language, like Latin, but is now the national language of Israel. Irish was not dead, but severely threatened by English when the government of Ireland began its rescue immediately after the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. All students in public schools must now take some classes in Irish and there are Irish programs in major media, such as television and radio. According to the Irish government, approximately 37% of the population of Ireland now speaks Irish.

One of the largest programs to revive languages, Documenting Endangered Languages (DEL), is being conducted by three U.S. government agencies: the National Science Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the National Museum of Natural History. Researchers funded by these agencies are recording interviews with the mostly elderly people who still speak the languages. Analyses of these interviews will help linguists publish dictionaries and grammars of the languages. Eventually, linguists hope to establish language-training programs where younger people can learn the languages, carrying them on into the future.

The linguists participating in DEL defend spending millions of dollars to preserve dying languages. They point out that when a language dies, humanity loses all of the knowledge of the world that that culture held. Traditional healers in rural areas have given scientists important leads in finding new medicines; aspirin is an example of these. But one of the most common reasons given by these researchers is that studying languages gives us insight into the radically different way humans organize their world. David Lightfoot, an official at the National Science foundation, gives the example of Guguyimadjir, and Australian aboriginal language, in which there are no words for “right” or left,” only for “north,” “south,” “east,” and “west.”

Many researchers are optimistic that the efforts to save dying languages will succeed, at least in part. Bruce L. Cole, Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities, said, “Not only is this a time of great potential loss, it is also a moment for enormous potential gain. In this modern age of computers and our growing technological capabilities, we can preserve, assemble, analyze, and understand unprecedented riches of linguistic and cultural information.”
Question:According to the passage, what would linguists in the DEL project like to do someday?

A. Record interviews with elderly people

B. Get funding from the government

C. Teach endangered languages to young people

D. Write a dictionary and grammar for Irish

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

30 tháng 6 2018

Đáp án C

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Theo đoạn văn này, những nhà ngôn ngữ học trong dự án DEL muốn làm gì một ngày nào đó?

A. Phỏng vấn phỏng vấn người cao tuổi

B. Nhận tài trợ từ chính phủ

C. Dạy những ngôn ngữ nguy cấp cho thanh niên

D. Viết từ điển và ngữ pháp tiếng Ailen

Thông tin: Eventually, linguists hope to establish language-training programs where younger people can learn the languages, carrying them on into the future.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.The world is losing languages at an alarming rate. Michael Krauss suggested that of the approximately 6,000 human languages alive today, only 350 to 500 are safe from extinction. Some linguists estimate that a language dies every two weeks or so. At the current rate, by 2100, about 2,500 native languages could disappear.Languages become extinct...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

30 tháng 11 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.

The world is losing languages at an alarming rate. Michael Krauss suggested that of the approximately 6,000 human languages alive today, only 350 to 500 are safe from extinction. Some linguists estimate that a language dies every two weeks or so. At the current rate, by 2100, about 2,500 native languages could disappear.

Languages become extinct for many reasons. Through imperialism, colonizers impose their languages on colonies. Some politicians believe multilingualism will fragment national interests. Thus they prohibit education in all but the national language. Another reason for language death is the spread of more powerful languages. In the world today, several languages, including English, are so dominant in commerce, science, and education, that languages with fewer speakers have trouble competing.

Although in the past, governments have been one of the primary causes of language death, many have now become champions of preserving endangered languages and have had some significant successes. Two outstanding examples are the revival of Hebrew and Irish. Hebrew was considered a dead language, like Latin, but is now the national language of Israel. Irish was not dead, but severely threatened by English when the government of Ireland began its rescue immediately after the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. All students in public schools must now take some classes in Irish and there are Irish programs in major media, such as television and radio. According to the Irish government, approximately 37% of the population of Ireland now speaks Irish.

One of the largest programs to revive languages, Documenting Endangered Languages (DEL), is being conducted by three U.S. government agencies: the National Science Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the National Museum of Natural History. Researchers funded by these agencies are recording interviews with the mostly elderly people who still speak the languages. Analyses of these interviews will help linguists publish dictionaries and grammars of the languages. Eventually, linguists hope to establish language-training programs where younger people can learn the languages, carrying them on into the future.

The linguists participating in DEL defend spending millions of dollars to preserve dying languages. They point out that when a language dies, humanity loses all of the knowledge of the world that that culture held. Traditional healers in rural areas have given scientists important leads in finding new medicines; aspirin is an example of these. But one of the most common reasons given by these researchers is that studying languages gives us insight into the radically different way humans organize their world. David Lightfoot, an official at the National Science foundation, gives the example of Guguyimadjir, and Australian aboriginal language, in which there are no words for “right” or left,” only for “north,” “south,” “east,” and “west.”

Many researchers are optimistic that the efforts to save dying languages will succeed, at least in part. Bruce L. Cole, Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities, said, “Not only is this a time of great potential loss, it is also a moment for enormous potential gain. In this modern age of computers and our growing technological capabilities, we can preserve, assemble, analyze, and understand unprecedented riches of linguistic and cultural information.”
Question:What is the best title for this passage?

A. Similarities between Engendered Species

B. Preserving Endangered Languages

C. Linguistic Globalization

D. How Languages Die and Efforts to Revive Them

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

30 tháng 11 2017

Đáp án D

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Tiêu đề tốt nhất cho đoạn văn này là gì?

A. Những điểm giống nhau giữa các loài động vật gặp nguy hiểm

B. Bảo tồn Các Ngôn ngữ Nguy cấp

C. Toàn cầu hoá ngôn ngữ học

D. Ngôn ngữ chết như thế nào và nỗ lực để hồi sinh chúng

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.The world is losing languages at an alarming rate. Michael Krauss suggested that of the approximately 6,000 human languages alive today, only 350 to 500 are safe from extinction. Some linguists estimate that a language dies every two weeks or so. At the current rate, by 2100, about 2,500 native languages could disappear.Languages become extinct...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

5 tháng 8 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.

The world is losing languages at an alarming rate. Michael Krauss suggested that of the approximately 6,000 human languages alive today, only 350 to 500 are safe from extinction. Some linguists estimate that a language dies every two weeks or so. At the current rate, by 2100, about 2,500 native languages could disappear.

Languages become extinct for many reasons. Through imperialism, colonizers impose their languages on colonies. Some politicians believe multilingualism will fragment national interests. Thus they prohibit education in all but the national language. Another reason for language death is the spread of more powerful languages. In the world today, several languages, including English, are so dominant in commerce, science, and education, that languages with fewer speakers have trouble competing.

Although in the past, governments have been one of the primary causes of language death, many have now become champions of preserving endangered languages and have had some significant successes. Two outstanding examples are the revival of Hebrew and Irish. Hebrew was considered a dead language, like Latin, but is now the national language of Israel. Irish was not dead, but severely threatened by English when the government of Ireland began its rescue immediately after the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. All students in public schools must now take some classes in Irish and there are Irish programs in major media, such as television and radio. According to the Irish government, approximately 37% of the population of Ireland now speaks Irish.

One of the largest programs to revive languages, Documenting Endangered Languages (DEL), is being conducted by three U.S. government agencies: the National Science Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the National Museum of Natural History. Researchers funded by these agencies are recording interviews with the mostly elderly people who still speak the languages. Analyses of these interviews will help linguists publish dictionaries and grammars of the languages. Eventually, linguists hope to establish language-training programs where younger people can learn the languages, carrying them on into the future.

The linguists participating in DEL defend spending millions of dollars to preserve dying languages. They point out that when a language dies, humanity loses all of the knowledge of the world that that culture held. Traditional healers in rural areas have given scientists important leads in finding new medicines; aspirin is an example of these. But one of the most common reasons given by these researchers is that studying languages gives us insight into the radically different way humans organize their world. David Lightfoot, an official at the National Science foundation, gives the example of Guguyimadjir, and Australian aboriginal language, in which there are no words for “right” or left,” only for “north,” “south,” “east,” and “west.”

Many researchers are optimistic that the efforts to save dying languages will succeed, at least in part. Bruce L. Cole, Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities, said, “Not only is this a time of great potential loss, it is also a moment for enormous potential gain. In this modern age of computers and our growing technological capabilities, we can preserve, assemble, analyze, and understand unprecedented riches of linguistic and cultural information.”
Question:It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that ______.

A. It is the Governments that make the right policies on language preservation.

B. No governments can preserve languages once they have disappeared.

C. Governments are more concerned with their imperialism than language preservation.

D. Governments take education as the tool to spread their languages.

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

5 tháng 8 2018

Đáp án A

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Có thể suy luận từ đoạn 3 rằng ______.

A. Chính phủ các nước có chính sách đúng đắn về bảo vệ ngôn ngữ.

B. Không có chính phủ nào có thể bảo vệ ngôn ngữ một khi chúng đã biến mất.

C. Các chính phủ quan tâm nhiều hơn đến chủ nghĩa đế quốc của họ hơn là bảo vệ ngôn ngữ.

D. Chính phủ coi giáo dục là công cụ để truyền bá ngôn ngữ của họ.

Thông tin: Although in the past, governments have been one of the primary causes of language death, many have now become champions of preserving endangered languages and have had some significant successes.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.The world is losing languages at an alarming rate. Michael Krauss suggested that of the approximately 6,000 human languages alive today, only 350 to 500 are safe from extinction. Some linguists estimate that a language dies every two weeks or so. At the current rate, by 2100, about 2,500 native languages could disappear.Languages become extinct...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

3 tháng 8 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.

The world is losing languages at an alarming rate. Michael Krauss suggested that of the approximately 6,000 human languages alive today, only 350 to 500 are safe from extinction. Some linguists estimate that a language dies every two weeks or so. At the current rate, by 2100, about 2,500 native languages could disappear.

Languages become extinct for many reasons. Through imperialism, colonizers impose their languages on colonies. Some politicians believe multilingualism will fragment national interests. Thus they prohibit education in all but the national language. Another reason for language death is the spread of more powerful languages. In the world today, several languages, including English, are so dominant in commerce, science, and education, that languages with fewer speakers have trouble competing.

Although in the past, governments have been one of the primary causes of language death, many have now become champions of preserving endangered languages and have had some significant successes. Two outstanding examples are the revival of Hebrew and Irish. Hebrew was considered a dead language, like Latin, but is now the national language of Israel. Irish was not dead, but severely threatened by English when the government of Ireland began its rescue immediately after the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. All students in public schools must now take some classes in Irish and there are Irish programs in major media, such as television and radio. According to the Irish government, approximately 37% of the population of Ireland now speaks Irish.

One of the largest programs to revive languages, Documenting Endangered Languages (DEL), is being conducted by three U.S. government agencies: the National Science Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the National Museum of Natural History. Researchers funded by these agencies are recording interviews with the mostly elderly people who still speak the languages. Analyses of these interviews will help linguists publish dictionaries and grammars of the languages. Eventually, linguists hope to establish language-training programs where younger people can learn the languages, carrying them on into the future.

The linguists participating in DEL defend spending millions of dollars to preserve dying languages. They point out that when a language dies, humanity loses all of the knowledge of the world that that culture held. Traditional healers in rural areas have given scientists important leads in finding new medicines; aspirin is an example of these. But one of the most common reasons given by these researchers is that studying languages gives us insight into the radically different way humans organize their world. David Lightfoot, an official at the National Science foundation, gives the example of Guguyimadjir, and Australian aboriginal language, in which there are no words for “right” or left,” only for “north,” “south,” “east,” and “west.”

Many researchers are optimistic that the efforts to save dying languages will succeed, at least in part. Bruce L. Cole, Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities, said, “Not only is this a time of great potential loss, it is also a moment for enormous potential gain. In this modern age of computers and our growing technological capabilities, we can preserve, assemble, analyze, and understand unprecedented riches of linguistic and cultural information.”
Question:The word “these” in paragraph 5 refers to ______.

A. dying languages

B. traditional healers

C. important leads

D. new medicines

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

3 tháng 8 2019

Đáp án D

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Từ "these" trong đoạn 5 đề cập đến ______.

A. ngôn ngữ chết C. đầu mối quan trọng

B. các người chữa bệnh truyền thống D. thuốc mới

“these” đề cập đến “new medicines”: Traditional healers in rural areas have given scientists important leads in finding new medicines; aspirin is an example of these.

Những người chữa bệnh truyền thống ở nông thôn đã giúp các nhà khoa học tìm ra những loại thuốc mới; aspirin là một ví dụ của những cái này.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.The world is losing languages at an alarming rate. Michael Krauss suggested that of the approximately 6,000 human languages alive today, only 350 to 500 are safe from extinction. Some linguists estimate that a language dies every two weeks or so. At the current rate, by 2100, about 2,500 native languages could disappear.Languages become extinct...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

11 tháng 9 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.

The world is losing languages at an alarming rate. Michael Krauss suggested that of the approximately 6,000 human languages alive today, only 350 to 500 are safe from extinction. Some linguists estimate that a language dies every two weeks or so. At the current rate, by 2100, about 2,500 native languages could disappear.

Languages become extinct for many reasons. Through imperialism, colonizers impose their languages on colonies. Some politicians believe multilingualism will fragment national interests. Thus they prohibit education in all but the national language. Another reason for language death is the spread of more powerful languages. In the world today, several languages, including English, are so dominant in commerce, science, and education, that languages with fewer speakers have trouble competing.

Although in the past, governments have been one of the primary causes of language death, many have now become champions of preserving endangered languages and have had some significant successes. Two outstanding examples are the revival of Hebrew and Irish. Hebrew was considered a dead language, like Latin, but is now the national language of Israel. Irish was not dead, but severely threatened by English when the government of Ireland began its rescue immediately after the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. All students in public schools must now take some classes in Irish and there are Irish programs in major media, such as television and radio. According to the Irish government, approximately 37% of the population of Ireland now speaks Irish.

One of the largest programs to revive languages, Documenting Endangered Languages (DEL), is being conducted by three U.S. government agencies: the National Science Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the National Museum of Natural History. Researchers funded by these agencies are recording interviews with the mostly elderly people who still speak the languages. Analyses of these interviews will help linguists publish dictionaries and grammars of the languages. Eventually, linguists hope to establish language-training programs where younger people can learn the languages, carrying them on into the future.

The linguists participating in DEL defend spending millions of dollars to preserve dying languages. They point out that when a language dies, humanity loses all of the knowledge of the world that that culture held. Traditional healers in rural areas have given scientists important leads in finding new medicines; aspirin is an example of these. But one of the most common reasons given by these researchers is that studying languages gives us insight into the radically different way humans organize their world. David Lightfoot, an official at the National Science foundation, gives the example of Guguyimadjir, and Australian aboriginal language, in which there are no words for “right” or left,” only for “north,” “south,” “east,” and “west.”

Many researchers are optimistic that the efforts to save dying languages will succeed, at least in part. Bruce L. Cole, Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities, said, “Not only is this a time of great potential loss, it is also a moment for enormous potential gain. In this modern age of computers and our growing technological capabilities, we can preserve, assemble, analyze, and understand unprecedented riches of linguistic and cultural information.”
Question:How would you describe Bruce Cole’s opinion of the DEL project?

A. He thinks that we will lose the fight to save endangered languages.

B. He believes that it isn’t worth the time and energy required to save languages.

C. He believes we can save significant amounts of information about languages.

D. He thinks that we will be able to save Guguyimadjir, the aboriginal language.

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

11 tháng 9 2018

Đáp án C

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Bạn mô tả ý kiến của Bruce Cole về dự án DEL như thế nào?

A. Ông nghĩ rằng chúng ta sẽ thua trong cuộc chiến cứu ngôn ngữ đang bị đe dọa.

B. Ông tin rằng không đáng tốn thời gian và năng lượng cần thiết để cứu các ngôn ngữ.

C. Ông tin rằng chúng ta có thể lưu trữ được một lượng đáng kể thông tin về ngôn ngữ.

D. Ông nghĩ rằng chúng ta sẽ có thể cứu Guguyimadjir, ngôn ngữ thổ dân.

Thông tin: In this modern age of computers and our growing technological capabilities, we can preserve, assemble, analyze, and understand unprecedented riches of linguistic and cultural information.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or B on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 37. Because writing has become so important in our culture, we sometimes think of it as more real than speech. A little thought, however, will show why speech is primary and writing secondary to language. Human beings have been writing at least 5,000 years, but they have been talking for much longer, doubtless ever since there have been human...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

20 tháng 7 2017

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

20 tháng 7 2017

Đáp án D

Theo tác giả, một dấu hiệu của một xã hội văn minh là nó

A. khẳng định tính ưu việt của lời nói vượt trội hơn viết

B. khẳng định tính ưu việt của viết vượt trội hơn lời nói

C. dạy cho trẻ em nói một cách hoàn hảo

D. giữ hồ sơ bằng văn bản

Dẫn chứng: "To affirm the primacy of speech over writing is not, however, to disparage the latter. One advantage writing has over speech is that it is more permanent and makes possible the records that any civilization must have." (Để khẳng định tính ưu việt của lời nói lớn hơn viết không phải là để xem thường nó. Một lợi thế mà viết vượt lên trên lời nói là nó vĩnh viễn hơn và có thể làm các hồ sơ mà bất kỳ nền văn minh nào cũng phải có.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or B on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 37. Because writing has become so important in our culture, we sometimes think of it as more real than speech. A little thought, however, will show why speech is primary and writing secondary to language. Human beings have been writing at least 5,000 years, but they have been talking for much longer, doubtless ever since there have been human...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

15 tháng 10 2017

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

15 tháng 10 2017

Đáp Án B.

Theo đoạn 1, tác giả của bài viết tranh luận rằng

A. Viết đã trở nên quá quan trọng trong xã hội ngày nay

B. Nói cơ bản hơn về ngôn ngữ hơn là viết

C. Tất cả những ai học cách nói phải học cách viết

D. Tất cả ngôn ngữ cần phải có một mẫu văn bản

Dẫn chứng: "A little thought, however will show why speech is primary and writing secondary to language." (Tuy nhiên, một vài suy nghĩ lại cho rằng tại sao nói là chủ yếu còn viết lại là thứ yếu đối với ngôn ngữ)

Dịch bài

Bởi vì viết đã trở nên quá quan trọng trong nền văn hóa của chúng ta, đôi khi chúng ta nghĩ rằng nó thiết thực hơn lời nói. Tuy nhiên, một vài suy nghĩ lại cho thấy rằng tại sao nói là chủ yếu còn viết lại là thứ yếu đối với ngôn ngữ. Con người đã viết trong ít nhất 5000 năm; nhưng họ đã nói chuyện lâu hơn, không nghi ngờ gì cả là kể từ khi có con người. Khi viết đã phát triển, nó đã được bắt nguồn từ lời nói và đại diện cho lời nói, mặc dù không hoàn hảo. Thậm chí ngày nay, có những ngôn ngữ nói mà không có hình thức bằng văn bản viết. Hơn nữa, tất cả chúng ta học cách viết; bất kì đứa trẻ nào không bị khuyết tật nặng về thể chất hoặc tinh thần sẽ học cách nói chuyện: không thể ngăn cản được một người bình thường học nói. Mặt khác, phải mất một nỗ lực đặc biệt để học cách viết. Trong quá khứ nhiều thành viên thông minh và hữu ích của xã hội đã không có được kỹ năng này, và thậm chí ngày nay nhiều người nói chuyện đọc được các ngôn ngữ với hệ thống chữ viết chưa bao giờ học đọc hay viết trong khi một số người học các cơ sở của những kỹ năng đó lại làm quá thiếu sót.

Để khẳng định tính ưu việt của lời nói vượt lên trên viết không phải là để xem thường nó. Một lợi thế mà viết vượt lên trên lời nói là nó vĩnh viễn hơn và có thể làm các hồ sơ mà bất kì nền văn minh nào cũng phải có. Do đó, nếu nói làm cho chúng ta con người hơn thì viết làm cho chúng ta văn minh hơn.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 37.Because writing has become so important in our culture, we sometimes think of it as more real than speech. A little thought, however, will show why speech is primary and writing secondary to language. Human beings have been writing (as far as we can tell from surviving evidence) for at least 5000 years; but they have been talking for much longer,...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

10 tháng 7 2017

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

10 tháng 7 2017

Đáp án A

Theo như nhà văn, 1 dấu hiệu của bất kì xã hội văn minh nào đó là nó ______.

A. giữ lại những ghi chép bằng chữ viết.

B. khẳng định tầm quan trọng của lời nói thông qua chữ viết.

C. dạy con cái mình nó chuyện một cách hoàn hảo.

D. khẳng định tầm quan trọng của chữ viết thông qua lời nói.

Dẫn chứng ở 2 câu cuối cùng: “One advantage writing has over speech is that it is more permanent and makes possible the records that any civilization must have. Thus, if speaking makes us human, writing makes us civilized”- (Một ưu thế của chữ viết vượt trội hơn lời nói đó là nó vĩnh cửu và làm cho có khả thi đối với những ghi chép mà bất kì nền văn minh nào cũng cần phải có. Do đó, nếu nói tiếng nói làm cho chúng ta thành người, thì chính chữ viết khiến cho chúng ta văn minh, tiến bộ).