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b) Ta có: \(a\left(b^2-c^2\right)+b\left(c^2-a^2\right)+c\left(a^2-b^2\right)\)
\(=ab^2-ac^2+bc^2-ba^2+ca^2-cb^2\)
\(=\left(ab^2-cb^2\right)+\left(ca^2-c^2a\right)+\left(bc^2-ba^2\right)\)
\(=b^2\left(a-c\right)+ca\left(a-c\right)+b\left(c^2-a^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(b^2+ca\right)-b\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(b^2+ca-ba-bc\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[b\left(b-a\right)+c\left(a-b\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[b\left(b-a\right)-c\left(b-a\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\)
\(A=x\left(y^2-z^2\right)+y\left(z^2-x^2\right)+z\left(x^2-y^2\right)=x\left(y^2-z^2\right)+y\left(-y^2+z^2-x^2+y^2\right)+z\left(x^2-y^2\right)=\left(y^2-z^2\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(z-y\right)=\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(y-z\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z-x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\)
\(B=a\left(b^3-c^3\right)+b\left(c^3-a^3\right)+c\left(a^3-b^3\right)=ab^3-ac^3+bc^3-a^3b+a^3c-b^3c=ab\left(b^2-a^2\right)-c^3\left(a-b\right)+c\left(a^3-b^3\right)=-ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)-c^3\left(a-b\right)+c\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(-a^2b-ab^2-c^3+a^2c+abc+b^2c\right)\)
a: =(x+y)^3+z^3-3xy(x+y)-3xyz
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z\left(x+y\right)+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2-3xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)\)
b: \(=\left(x+y+y-z\right)^3-3\left(x+y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x+y+y-z\right)+\left(z-x\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)^3+\left(z-x\right)^3-3\left(x+y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(=-3\left(x+y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
c: \(=\left(x^2+x\right)^2+3\left(x^2+x\right)+2-12\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)^2+3\left(x^2+x\right)-10\)
=(x^2+x+5)(x^2+x-2)
=(x^2+x+5)(x+2)(x-1)
d: =b^2c+bc^2+ac^2-a^2c-a^2b-ab^2
=b^2c-b^2a+bc^2-a^2b+ac^2-a^2c
=b^2(c-a)+b(c^2-a^2)+ac(c-a)
=(c-a)(b^2+ac)+b(c-a)(c+a)
=(c-a)(b^2+ac+bc+ba)
=(c-a)[b^2+bc+ac+ab]
=(c-a)[b(b+c)+a(b+c)]
=(c-a)(b+c)(b+a)
a: \(2x^2+3xy-14y^2\)
\(=2x^2+7xy-4xy-14y^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+7xy\right)-\left(4xy+14y^2\right)\)
\(=x\left(2x+7y\right)-2y\left(2x+7y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+7y\right)\left(x-2y\right)\)
b: \(\left(x-7\right)\left(x-5\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)+7\)
\(=\left(x-7\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-5\right)\left(x-3\right)+7\)
\(=\left(x^2-8x+7\right)\left(x^2-8x+15\right)+7\)
\(=\left(x^2-8x\right)^2+15\left(x^2-8x\right)+7\left(x^2-8x\right)+105+7\)
\(=\left(x^2-8x\right)^2+22\left(x^2-8x\right)+112\)
\(=\left(x^2-8x\right)^2+8\left(x^2-8x\right)+14\left(x^2-8x\right)+112\)
\(=\left(x^2-8x\right)\left(x^2-8x+8\right)+14\left(x^2-8x+8\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-8x+8\right)\left(x^2-8x+14\right)\)
c: \(\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)\left(3x-1\right)-2\left(3x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)^2+2\left(x-3\right)\left(3x-1\right)-\left(x-3\right)\left(3x-1\right)-2\left(3x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left[\left(x-3\right)+2\left(3x-1\right)\right]-\left(3x-1\right)\left[\left(x-3\right)+2\left(3x-1\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-3+6x-2\right)\left(x-3-3x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(7x-5\right)\left(-2x-2\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x+1\right)\left(7x-5\right)\)
d: \(xy\left(x-y\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)+zx\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=x^2y-xy^2+y^2z-yz^2+zx\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2y-yz^2\right)-\left(xy^2-y^2z\right)+xz\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=y\left(x^2-z^2\right)-y^2\left(x-z\right)-xz\left(x-z\right)\)
\(=y\cdot\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)-\left(x-z\right)\left(y^2+xz\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(xy+zy-y^2-xz\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left[\left(xy-y^2\right)+\left(zy-zx\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left[y\cdot\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
\(a,\Rightarrow\left(x-3-5+2x\right)\left(x-3+5-2x\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(3x-8\right)\left(2-x\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=\dfrac{8}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-2y\right)^2\\ =\left(x+y-x+2y\right)\left(x+y+x-2y\right)=3y\left(2x-y\right)\\ c,=\left(x+y-x+y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2-y^2+x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\\ =2y\left(3x^2+y^2\right)\\ d,=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xyz\\ =\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\\ =\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)\)
a) (x - 1)(x + l)(x - 2)(x - 4). b) (x - 2)( x 2 + 4).
c) 2y(3 x 2 + y 2 ). d) 2(x + y + z) ( a - b ) 2 .
a. \(x^2\left(x-3\right)^2-\left(x-3\right)^2-x^2+1\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)^2\left(x^2-1\right)-\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(x-3\right)^2-1\right]\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3+1\right)\left(x-3-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
b. \(x^3-2x^2+4x-8\)
\(=\left(x^3+4x\right)-\left(2x^2+8\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^2+4\right)-2\left(x^2+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)\)
c. \(\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(x-y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3\right)-\left(x^3-3x^2y+3xy^2-y^3\right)\)
\(=x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3-x^3+3x^2y-3xy^2+y^3\)
\(=6x^2y+2y^3\)
\(=2y\left(3x^2+y^2\right)\)
d. \(2a^2\left(x+y+z\right)-4ab\left(x+y+z\right)+2b^2\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(2a^2-4ab+2b^2\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=2\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=2\left(a-b\right)^2\left(x+y+z\right)\)
a(b3 - c3) + b(c3 - a3) + c(a3 - b3)
= a(b3 - c3 ) + b( c3 - b3 + b3 - a3) + c(a3 - b3)
= a(b3 - c3) + b(c3 - b3) + b(b3 - a3) + c(a3 - b3)
\(=\left[a\left(b^3-c^3\right)-b\left(b^3-c^3\right)\right]-\left[b\left(a^3-b^3\right)-c\left(a^3-b^3\right)\right]\)
= (b3 - c3)(a - b) - (a3- b3)(b - c)
= (b - c)(b2 + bc + c2)(a - b) - (a - b)(a2 + ab + b2)(b - c)
= (b - c)(a - b)(b2 + bc + c2 - a2 + ab - b2)
= (b - c)(a - b) [ (c2 - a2) + (bc - ab) ]
= (b - c)(a - b) [ (c - a)(c + a) + b(c - a) ]
= (b - c)(a -b) [ (c - a)(c + a + b) ]
= (a- b)(b - c)(c - a)(a + b + c)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=x+y\\b=y+z\\c=x+z\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
\(8\left(x+y+z\right)^3-\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(y+z\right)^3-\left(z+x\right)^3\\ =8\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\right)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\\ =\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\\ =\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)c\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(a+b\right)^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)-c^3\\ =3\left(a+b\right)\left(ac+bc+c^2+ab\right)\\ =3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\\ =3\left(x+y+y+z\right)\left(y+z+z+x\right)\left(z+x+x+y\right)\\ =3\left(x+2y+z\right)\left(x+y+2z\right)\left(2x+y+z\right)\)