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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a)nO2=\(\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}\)=0,15(mol)
2KMnO4(to)→K2MnO4+MnO2+O2
Theo PT: nKMnO4=2nO2=0,3(mol)
→m=mKMnO4=0,3.158=47,4(g)
b)nH2=\(\dfrac{8.96}{22.4}\)=0,4(mol)
2H2+O2(to)→2H2O
Vì \(\dfrac{nH_2}{2}\)<nO2→O2nH2 dư
Theo PT: nH2O=nH2=0,4(mol)
→mH2O=0,4.18=7,2(g)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{31,6}{158}=0,2mol\)
\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1
a)\(V_{O_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)
b)\(m_{CRắn}=m_{K_2MnO_4}+m_{MnO_2}=0,1\cdot197+0,1\cdot87=28,4g\)
c)\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,5 0,1 0 0
0,05 0,1 0,05 0,1
0,45 0 0,05 0,1
\(V_{CO_2}=0,05\cdot22,4=1,12l\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,1\cdot18=1,8g\)
PTHH: 2KMnO4--to-> K2MnO4+MnO2+O2
0,2----------------0,1---------0,1-----0,1
b, nKMnO4= \(\dfrac{31,6}{158}\)=0,2 mol
Theo pt: nO2=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\).0,2=0,1 mol
=> VO2= 0,1.22,4= 2,24 l
=>m cr=0,1.197+0,1.87=28,4g
CH4+2O2-to>CO2+2H2O
0,5-----0,25-----0,5
n CH4=\(\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}\)=0,5 mol
=>Oxi du
=>V CO2=0,25.22,4=5,6l
=>m H2O=0,5.18=9g
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
2Al+6HCl->2AlCl3+3H2
0,4-------------------------0,6 mol
n Al=\(\dfrac{10,8}{27}\)=0,4 mol
=>VH2=0,6.22,4=13,44l
b)
2H2+O2-to>2H2O
0,6------------------0,6 mol
n O2=\(\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}\)=0,5 mol
=>H2 hết
=>m H2O=0,6.18=10,8g
nAl = 10,8/27 = 0,4 (mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
nH2 = 0,4 : 2 . 3 = 0,6 (mol)
VH2 = 0,6 . 22,4 = 13,44 (l)
nO2 = 11,2/22,4 = 0,5 (mol)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 -> (t°) 2H2O
LTL: 0,6/3 < 0,5 => O2 dư
nH2O = nH2 = 0,6 (mol)
mH2O = 0,6 . 18 = 10,8 (g)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
nKClO3 = 49 : 122,5 =0,4(mol)
a) pthh : 2KClO3 -t--> 2KCl + 3O2
0,4------------>0,4----->0,6(mol)
mKCl = 0,4.74,5=29,8 (g)
VO2= 0,6.22,4= 13,44 (l)
câu 2
a nZn = 6,5:65=0,1(mol)
pthh : Zn +2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,1->0,2----------------->0,1(mol)
=> VH2 = 0,1.22,4 =2,24(l)
=> mHCl = 0,2 . 36,5=7,3 (g)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{31,6}{158}=0,2mol\)
\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(m_{K_2MnO_4}=0,1.197=19,7g\)
\(m_{MnO_2}=0,1.87=8,7g\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(n_{C_4H_{10}}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2C4H10 + 13O2 --to--> 8CO2 + 10H2O
0,4---->2,6---------->1,6------->2
=> m = 1,6.44 = 70,4 (g)
b) \(V_{O_2}=2,6.22,4=58,24\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_P=\dfrac{9,1}{31}=\dfrac{91}{310}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4P + 5O2 --to--> 2P2O5
Xét tỉ lê \(\dfrac{\dfrac{91}{310}}{4}< \dfrac{2,6}{5}\) => P hết, O2 dư
\(m_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{91}{620}.142=\dfrac{6461}{310}\left(g\right)\)
Tên sản phẩm: Điphotpho pentaoxit
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, PT: \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{24,5}{122,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{KClO_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,3.24,79=7,437\left(g\right)\)
b, PT: \(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CuO\)
Ta có: \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{32}{64}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,5}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\), ta được O2 dư.
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Cu}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,3-0,25=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,05.32=1,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CuO}=0,5.80=40\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(\overline{M}=18\cdot2=36\)
PTHH: \(2KClO_3\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
+) Trường hợp 1: Hỗn hợp khí gồm CO2 và Oxi dư
PTHH: \(C+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CO_2\)
Theo sơ đồ đường chéo: \(\dfrac{n_{CO_2}}{n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{36-32}{44-36}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Mà \(n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}+n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{4}{15}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(ban.đầu\right)}=\dfrac{2}{15}+\dfrac{4}{15}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{4}{15}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{4}{15}\cdot122,5\approx32,7\left(g\right)\)
+) Trường hợp 2: Hỗn hợp khí gồm CO và CO2
PTHH: \(C+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CO_2\)
\(2C+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2CO\)
Theo sơ đồ đường chéo: \(\dfrac{n_{CO_2}}{n_{CO}}=1\) \(\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=n_{CO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,2+0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KClO_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=0,2\cdot122,5=24,5\left(g\right)\)