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\(v_{tb}=\dfrac{s}{t}=\dfrac{s'+s''}{t}=\dfrac{v'.t'+v''.t''}{t}=\dfrac{v'\dfrac{t}{2}+v''\dfrac{t}{2}}{t}\)\(\Leftrightarrow45=\dfrac{50\dfrac{t}{2}+v''\dfrac{t}{2}}{t}\)
\(\Rightarrow v''=40\left(\dfrac{km}{h}\right)\)
\(=>vtb=\dfrac{S}{\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}S}{v1}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}S}{v2}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}S}{v3}}=\dfrac{S}{\dfrac{S}{150}+\dfrac{S}{180}+\dfrac{S}{3v3}}\)
\(=>vtb=\dfrac{S}{\dfrac{S\left(180.3v3+150.3v3+150.180\right)}{81000v3}}=\dfrac{81000v3}{540v3+450v3+27000}=58=>v3=66,4km/h\)
(a) Xét ô tô thứ nhất: \(t_{11}=t_{12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{s_{11}}{v_1}=\dfrac{s_{12}}{v_2}\Leftrightarrow s_{12}=\dfrac{v_2}{v_1}s_{11}=\dfrac{75}{50}s_{11}=\dfrac{3}{2}s_{11}\)
Mà: \(t_{11}=\dfrac{1}{2}t_1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{s_{11}}{v_1}=\dfrac{1}{2}t_1\Leftrightarrow s_{11}=\dfrac{1}{2}v_1t_1=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot50t_1=25t_1\)
\(\Rightarrow s_{12}=\dfrac{3}{2}s_{11}=\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot25t_1=\dfrac{75}{2}t_1\)
Lại có: \(s=s_1+s_2=25t_1+\dfrac{75}{2}t_1=\dfrac{125}{2}t_1\)
Suy ra thời gian ô tô thứ nhất đi là: \(s=\dfrac{125}{2}t_1\Leftrightarrow t_1=\dfrac{2}{125}s\)
Xét ô tô thứ hai: \(t_2=t_{21}+t_{22}\)
\(=\dfrac{s_{21}}{v_1}+\dfrac{s_{22}}{v_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}s}{50}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}s}{75}=\dfrac{1}{60}s\)
Ta xét hiệu: \(t_1-t_2=\dfrac{2}{125}s-\dfrac{1}{60}s=-\dfrac{1}{1500}s< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow t_1< t_2\) nên ô tô thứ nhất đến đích trước.
(b) Theo đề: \(t_2-t_1=\dfrac{2}{60}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(h\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{60}s-\dfrac{2}{125}s=\dfrac{1}{30}\Rightarrow s=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{30}}{\dfrac{1}{60}-\dfrac{2}{125}}=50\left(km\right)\)
Thời gian ôto đi trên \(\dfrac{2}{5}\) quãng đường đầu:
\(t_1=\dfrac{S_1}{v_1}=\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{5}S}{20}=\dfrac{S}{50}\left(h\right)\)
Thời gian oto đi trên \(\dfrac{3}{5}\) quãng đường còn lại:
\(t_2=\dfrac{S_2}{v_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{5}S}{30}=\dfrac{S}{50}\left(h\right)\)
Vận tốc trung bình trên cả quãng đường:
\(v_{tb}=\dfrac{S}{t_1+t_2}=\dfrac{S}{\dfrac{S}{50}+\dfrac{S}{50}}=\dfrac{S}{\dfrac{2S}{50}}=25\)km/h
\(v_{tb}=\dfrac{S}{t_1+t_2}=\dfrac{S}{\dfrac{S_1}{v_1}+\dfrac{S_2}{v_2}}=\dfrac{S}{\dfrac{S}{2v_1}+\dfrac{S}{2v_2}}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{2v_1}+\dfrac{1}{2v_2}}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{v_2+v_1}{2v_1v_2}}=\dfrac{2v_1v_2}{v_1+v_2}\)
\(v=\dfrac{v_1+v_2}{2}\)
\(v_{tb}-v=\dfrac{2v_1v_2}{v_1+v_2}-\dfrac{v_1+v_2}{2}=\dfrac{4v_1v_2-v_1^2-2v_1v_2-v_2^2}{2\left(v_1+v_2\right)}=\dfrac{-\left(v_1-v_2\right)^2}{2\left(v_1+v_2\right)}< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow v_{tb}< v\)
Ta có:
\(v_{tb}=\dfrac{AB}{t_1+t_2}\\ \Leftrightarrow45=\dfrac{135}{\dfrac{AB}{2.v_1}+\dfrac{AB}{2.v_2}}\\ \Leftrightarrow45=\dfrac{135}{\dfrac{135}{2.50}+\dfrac{135}{2.v_2}}\\ \Leftrightarrow45=\dfrac{135}{1,35+\dfrac{67,5}{v_2}}\\ \Leftrightarrow1,35+\dfrac{67,5}{v_2}=\dfrac{135}{45}=3\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{67,5}{v_2}=1,65\\ \Leftrightarrow v_2=\dfrac{67,5}{1,65}\approx41\left(km/h\right)\)
Công thức mà áp dụng thôi bạn
\(v_{tb}=\dfrac{AB}{t_1+t_2}=\dfrac{AB}{\dfrac{S_1}{v_1}+\dfrac{S_2}{v_2}}=\dfrac{AB}{\dfrac{AB}{2v_1}+\dfrac{AB}{2v_2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow v_{tb}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{2v_1}+\dfrac{1}{2v_2}}\Leftrightarrow45=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{2.50}+\dfrac{1}{2.v_2}}\Rightarrow v_2=...\left(km/h\right)\)