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Câu 1:
Từ PT(1) suy ra $x=7-2y$. Thay vào PT(2):
$(7-2y)^2+y^2-2(7-2y)y=1$
$\Leftrightarrow 4y^2-28y+49+y^2-14y+4y^2=1$
$\Leftrightarrow 9y^2-42y+48=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (y-2)(9y-24)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow y=2$ hoặc $y=\frac{8}{3}$
Nếu $y=2$ thì $x=7-2y=3$
Nếu $y=\frac{8}{3}$ thì $x=7-2y=\frac{5}{3}$
Câu 3: Bạn xem lại PT(2) là -x+y đúng không?
Câu 4:
$x^3-y^3=7$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-y)^3-3xy(x-y)=7$
$\Leftrightarrow 3^3-9xy=7$
$\Leftrightarrow xy=\frac{20}{9}$
Áp dụng định lý Viet đảo, với $x+(-y)=3$ và $x(-y)=\frac{-20}{9}$ thì $x,-y$ là nghiệm của pt:
$X^2-3X-\frac{20}{9}=0$
$\Rightarrow (x,-y)=(\frac{\sqrt{161}+9}{6}, \frac{-\sqrt{161}+9}{6})$ và hoán vị
$\Rightarrow (x,y)=(\frac{\sqrt{161}+9}{6}, \frac{\sqrt{161}-9}{6})$ và hoán vị.
Câu 1:
HPT \(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} (x+y)+xy=11\\ (x+y)^2-3xy-2(x+y)=-31\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x+y=a\\ xy=b\end{matrix}\right.\) thì hệ trở thành:
\( \left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=11\\ a^2-3b-2a=-31\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} b=11-a\\ a^2-3b-2a+31=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-3(11-a)-2a+31=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+a-2=0\Leftrightarrow (a-1)(a+2)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} a=1\\ a=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu $a=1\Rightarrow b=11-a=10$
Như vậy $x+y=1; xy=10$
\(\Rightarrow x(1-x)=10\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+10=0\Leftrightarrow (x-\frac{1}{2})^2=-\frac{39}{4}< 0\) (vô lý)
Nếu \(a=-2\Rightarrow b=11-a=13\)
Như vậy $x+y=-2; xy=13$
$\Rightarrow x(-2-x)=13\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+13=0\Leftrightarrow (x+1)^2=-12< 0$ (vô lý)
Vậy HPT vô nghiệm.
Câu 2:
HPT \(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} xy-(x-y)=-3\\ (x-y)^2-(x-y)+3xy=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(xy=a; x-y=b\) thì hệ trở thành:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a-b=-3\\ b^2-b+3a=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a=b-3\\ b^2-b+3a-6=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow b^2-b+3(b-3)-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2+2b-15=0\Leftrightarrow (b-3)(b+5)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} b=3\\ b=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu $b=3=x-y\Rightarrow a=xy=b-3=0$
\(\Rightarrow (x,y)=(0,-3); (3,0)\)
Nếu \(b=x-y=-5\Rightarrow a=xy=b-3=-8\)
\(\Rightarrow (y-5)y=-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-5y+8=0\Leftrightarrow (y-2,5)^2=-1,75< 0\) (vô lý)
Vậy $(x,y)=(0,-3)$ hoặc $(3,0)$
1,ĐK: \(x,y\ne-2\)
HPT<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\left(x+2\right)+y\left(y+2\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)\left(1\right)\\x^2\left(x+2\right)^2+y^2\left(y+2\right)^2=\left(x+2\right)^2\left(y+2\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2\left(x+2\right)^2+2xy\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)+y^2\left(y+2\right)^2=\left(x+2\right)^2\left(y+2\right)^2\\x^2\left(x+2\right)^2+y^2\left(y+2\right)^2=\left(x+2\right)^2\left(y+2\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(2xy\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)=0\)
<=>\(2xy=0\) (do x+2 và y+2 \(\ne0\))
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tại x=0 thay vào (1) có: \(y\left(y+2\right)=2\left(y+2\right)\) <=> y= \(\pm2\) => y=2 (vì y khác -2)
Tại y=0 thay vào (1) có: \(x\left(x+2\right)=2\left(x+2\right)\) => x=2
Vậy HPT có 2 nghiệm duy nhất (2,0),(0,2)
2, ĐK: \(y\ne-1\)
HPT <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=2\left(x+3\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(1\right)\\\frac{3x^2}{y+1}=4-x\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\frac{6\left(3+x\right)\left(y+1\right)}{y+1}=4-x\)
<=> 6(x+3)=4-x
<=> \(14=-7x\)
<=> \(x=-2\) thay vào (1) có \(4=2\left(y+1\right)\)
<=>y=1\(\)( tm)
Vậy hpt có một nghiệm duy nhất (-2,1)
3,\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-y=y^2-x\left(1\right)\\x^2-x=y+3\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PT (1) <=> \(\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+\left(x-y\right)=0\)
<=> (x-y)(x+y+1)=0
<=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=-x-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tại x=y thay vào (2) có \(y^2-y=y+3\) <=> \(y^2-2y-3=0\) <=> (y-3)(y+1)=0 <=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=3\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tại y=-1-x thay vào (2) có: \(x^2-x=-1-x+3\) <=> \(x^2=2\) <=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2}\\x=-\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=-1-\sqrt{2}\\y=-1+\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hpt có 4 nghiệm (3,3),(-1,-1), ( \(\sqrt{2},-1-\sqrt{2}\)),( \(-\sqrt{2},-1+\sqrt{2}\))
4,\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{9}{2}\left(1\right)\\xy+\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=5\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)(đk:\(x\ne0,y\ne0\))
<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)=\frac{9}{2}\\\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{x}=u\\y+\frac{1}{y}=v\end{matrix}\right.\)
Có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u+v=\frac{9}{2}\\uv=5\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\frac{9}{2}-v\\v\left(\frac{9}{2}-v\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\frac{9}{2}-v\\\left(v-\frac{5}{2}\right)\left(v-2\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\frac{9}{2}-v\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}v=\frac{5}{2}\\v=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}v=\frac{5}{2}\\u=2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}v=2\\u=\frac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tại \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=\frac{5}{2}\\u=2\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{x}=2\\y+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\y=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tại \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=2\\u=\frac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{x}=\frac{5}{2}\\y+\frac{1}{y}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2\right)\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hpt có 4 nghiệm (1,2),( \(1,\frac{1}{2}\)) ,( 2,1),(\(\frac{1}{2},1\)).
10.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-3xy+y^2+x-y=0\\x^2+x+1=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-2xy-xy+y^2+x-y=0\\x^2+x+1=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)\left(2x-y+1\right)=0\\x^2+x+1=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=2x+1\end{matrix}\right.\\x^2+x+1=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x^2+x+1=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+1\\x^2+x+1=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x^2+x+1=x^2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+1\\x^2+x+1=\left(2x+1\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+1\\3x\left(x+1\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=1\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+1\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=-1\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=-1\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
1/PT (1) cho ta nhân tử x - y - 1:)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(17-3x\right)\sqrt{5-x}+\left(3y-14\right)\sqrt{4-y}=0\left(1\right)\\2\sqrt{2x+y+5}+3\sqrt{3x+2y+11}=x^2+6x+13\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐK: \(x\le5;y\le4\); \(2x+y+5\ge0;3x+2y+11\ge0\)
PT (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(17-3x\right)\left(\sqrt{5-x}-\sqrt{4-y}\right)-3\left(x-y-1\right)\sqrt{4-y}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-17\right)\left(\frac{x-y-1}{\sqrt{5-x}+\sqrt{4-y}}\right)-3\left(x-y-1\right)\sqrt{4-y}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y-1\right)\left(\frac{3x-17}{\sqrt{5-x}+\sqrt{4-y}}-3\sqrt{4-y}\right)=0\)
Dễ thấy cái ngoặc to < 0
Do đó x= y + 1
Thay xuống PT (2):\(y^2+8y+20=2\sqrt{3y+7}+3\sqrt{5y+14}\)\(\left(y+1\right)\left(y+2\right)=y^2+3y+2\)
ĐK: \(y\ge-\frac{7}{3}\) (để các căn thức được thỏa mãn)
PT (2) \(\Leftrightarrow y^2+3y+2+2\left(y+3-\sqrt{3y+7}\right)+3\left(y+4-\sqrt{5y+14}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y^2+3y+2\right)\left(1+\frac{2}{y+3+\sqrt{3y+7}}+\frac{3}{y+4+\sqrt{5y+14}}\right)=0\)
Cái ngoặc to > 0 =>...
P/s: Is that true? Ko đúng thì chịu thua-_- Mất nửa tiếng đồng hồ để gõ bài này đấy:(
2/ĐK: \(x\ge-y;y\ge0\)
PT (1) \(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+y\right)+\sqrt{x+y}=2y^2+\sqrt{2y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+y\left(x-y\right)+\sqrt{x+y}-\sqrt{2y}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+2y+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+y}+\sqrt{2y}}\right)=0\)
Cái ngoặc to \(\ge y+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+y}+\sqrt{2y}}>0\).
Do đó x = y \(\ge0\)
Thay xuống pt dưới: \(x^3-5x^2+14x-4=6\sqrt[3]{x^2-x+1}\)
Lập phương hai vế lên ra pt bậc 6, tuy nhiên cứ yên tâm, nghiệm rất đẹp: x = 1:)
Em đưa kết quả luôn: \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-4x+7\right)\left(x^6-10x^5+56x^4-160x^3+272x^2-64x+40\right)=0\)
P/s: khúc cuối em ko còn cách nào khác nên đành lập phương:((
Ta có hpt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy+3y-5x-15=xy\\2xy+30x-y^2-15y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=3y-15\\6\left(3y-15\right)-y^2-15y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có pt (2) \(\Leftrightarrow3y-y^2-80=0\Leftrightarrow y^2-3y+80=0\left(VN\right)\)
=> hpy vô nghiệm
c) Ta có hpt \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+x+y\right)=30\\xy\left(x+y\right)+xy+x+y=11\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt j\(xy\left(x+y\right)=a;xy+x+y=b\), ta có hpt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab=30\\a+b=11\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=5;b=6\\a=6;b=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
với a=5;b=6, ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy\left(x+y\right)=5\\xy+x+y=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}xy=1;x+y=5\\xy=5;x+y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
đến đây thì thế y hoặc x ra pt bậc 2, còn TH còn lại bn tự giải nhé !
b/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=4-y^2\\2x^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(4-xy\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=4\\2x^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(4-xy\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2x^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^3=x^3+y^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3=y^3\Rightarrow x=y\)
Thay vào pt đầu:
\(2x^2=4\Rightarrow x^2=2\Rightarrow x=y=\pm\sqrt{2}\)
a/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2\left(2x+y\right)+x\left(2x+y\right)=-6\\x^2+x+2x+y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x^2+x\right)\left(2x+y\right)=-6\\x^2+x+2x+y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x=a\\2x+y=b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab=-6\\a+b=1\end{matrix}\right.\) với
Theo Viet đảo, a và b là nghiệm của:
\(t^2-t-6=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=3\\t=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x=3\\2x+y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x=-2\left(vn\right)\\2x+y=3\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x-3=0\\y=-2x-2\end{matrix}\right.\) (bấm casio)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y\right)^3-2xy\left(x+y\right)=32\\x^2y^2\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\right]=128\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=a\\xy=b\end{matrix}\right.\) với \(a^2\ge4b\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\left(a^2-2b\right)=32\\b^2\left(a^2-2b\right)=128\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3-2ab=32\\\frac{b^2}{a}=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3-2ab=32\\a=\frac{b^2}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b^6}{64}-\frac{b^3}{2}=32\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{64}b^6-\frac{1}{2}b^3-32=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}b^3=64\\b^3=-32\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}b=4\Rightarrow a=4\\b=-2\sqrt[3]{4}\Rightarrow a=2\sqrt[3]{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\xy=4\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=2\sqrt[3]{2}\\xy=-2\sqrt[3]{4}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) theo Viet đảo x và y là nghiệm:
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}t^2-4t+4=0\\t^2-2\sqrt[3]{2}t-2\sqrt[3]{4}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow t=...\)