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\(n_{hhkhí}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\\ m_{tăng}=m_{C_2H_4}=4,2\left(g\right)\\ n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{4,2}{28}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CH_4}=0,35-0,15=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,35}=42,85\%\\\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-42,85\%=57,15\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
0,15 ------------------> 0,3
CH4 + O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,2 -----------------> 0,2
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 ---> CaCO3 + H2O
0,5 -------> 0,5
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,5.100=50\left(g\right)\)
a, \(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)
\(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Br_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{C_2H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CH_4}=3,36-1,12=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b, \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=2n_{CH_4}+\dfrac{5}{2}n_{C_2H_2}=0,325\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,325.22,4=7,28\left(l\right)\Rightarrow V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=36,4\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}+2n_{C_2H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_{3\downarrow}+H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=0,2.100=20\left(g\right)\)
\(a,n_{hhkhí\left(C_2H_4,C_2H_2\right)}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{80}{160}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ Gọi\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ PTHH:C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\\ Mol:a\rightarrow a\\ C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\\ Mol:b\rightarrow2b\\ Hệ.pt\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,3\\a+2b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}=33,33\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_2}=100\%-33,335=66,67\%\)
\(b,PTHH:\\ C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:0,1\rightarrow0,3\rightarrow0,2\\ 2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:0,2\rightarrow0,25\rightarrow0,4\\ n_{CO_2}=0,2+0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\\ Mol:0,6\rightarrow0,6\rightarrow0,6\\ m_{CaCO_3}=0,6.100=60\left(g\right)\)
a)
\(C_2H_4 + Br_2 \to C_2H_4Br_2\\ CH_4 + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2 + 2H_2O\\ CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O\)
b)
\(n_{CH_4} = n_{CO_2} = n_{CaCO_3} = \dfrac{20}{100} = 0,2(mol)\\ \%V_{CH_4} = \dfrac{0,2.22,4}{6,72}.100\% = 66,67\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_4} = 100\% -66,67\% = 33,33\%\)
Cho hỗn hợp qua dung dịch brom dư
\(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
Khí thoát ra là \(CH_4\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
Ta có:
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\frac{40}{100}=0,4mol=n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}\)
\(\rightarrow V_{CH_4}=0,4.22,4=8,96l\)
\(\rightarrow\%V_{CH_4}=\frac{8,96}{13,56}=66\%\rightarrow\%V_{C_2H_4}=34\%\)
a) mtăng = mC2H4
=> \(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5,6}{28}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,2.22,4}{13,44}.100\%=33,33\%\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-33,33\%=66,67\%\)
b) \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{13,44.66,67\%}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,4--------------->0,4
C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
0,2----------------->0,4
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 --> CaCO3 + H2O
0,8----->0,8
=> mCaCO3 = 0,8.100 = 80 (g)
a.\(m_{tăng}=m_{C_2H_4}=5,6g\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)
\(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5,6}{28}=0,2mol\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,6}.100=33,33\%\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-33,33\%=66,67\%\)
b.\(C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,4 ( mol )
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,4 0,4 ( mol )
\(n_{CO_2}=0,4+0,4=0,8mol\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
0,8 0,8 ( mol )
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,8.100=80g\)
ta có: nCO2 = nCaCO3 = 0,15 mol => nH2O = 0,4 molsau phản ứng với H2 thì Anken trở thành Ankan. Gọi CT chung của 2 Ankan là CaH(2a+2)CaH(2a+2) + (3a+1)/2 O2 ---> aCO2 + (a+1)H2O=> nCaH(2a+2) = nH2O - nCO2 = 0,4 - 0,15 = 0,25 mol (vô lí vì a >= 1 mà nCaH(2a+2) > nCO2)
a)
CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
b) Gọi số mol CH4, C2H4 là a, b (mol)
=> \(a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{20}{100}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Khí thoát ra khỏi bình là CH4
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
a---------------->a
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 --> CaCO3 + H2O
0,2<------0,2
=> a = 0,2 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100\%=66,67\%\\\%V_{C_2H_4}=100\%-66,67\%=33,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) b = 0,1 (mol)
CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,2--------------->0,2----->0,4
C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
0,1----------------->0,2---->0,2
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 --> CaCO3 + H2O
0,4------>0,4
=> \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,4.100=40\left(g\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CO_2}=44\left(0,2+0,2\right)=17,6\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2O}=\left(0,4+0,2\right).18=10,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét \(\Delta m=m_{CO_2}+m_{H_2O}-m_{CaCO_3}=17,6+10,8-40=-11,6\left(g\right)\)
=> Khối lượng dd giảm 11,6 gam
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4mol\)
\(m_{tăng}=m_{Br_2}=m_{C_2H_2}=2,6g\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{2,6}{26}=0,1mol\)
\(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)
0,1 0,1
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_2+\dfrac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+H_2O\)
0,1 0,25 0,2
\(\Rightarrow n_{CO_2\left(CH_4\right)}=0,4-0,2=0,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CH_4}=0,2mol\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,4mol\)
a)\(\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}\cdot100\%=50\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_2}=100\%-50\%=50\%\)
b)\(\Sigma n_{O_2}=0,4+0,25=0,65mol\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,65\cdot22,4=14,56l\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=14,56\cdot5=72,8l\)
a) nC2H4Br2=47/188=0,25(mol)
n(CH4,C2H4)=11,2/22,4=0,5(mol)
PTHH: C2H4 + Br2 -> C2H4Br2
0,25<----------0,25<---------0,25(mol)
mBr2(p.ứ)=0,25 x 160= 40(g)
b) V(C2H4,đktc)=0,25 x 22,4= 5,6(l)
=> %V(C2H4)=(5,6/11,2).100=50%
=>%V(CH4)=100% - 50%= 50%
