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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+3H_2\\ Đặt:n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=11\\1,5a+b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ a,n_{HCl}=2.n_{H_2}=2.0,4=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,8}{8}=0,1\left(l\right)\\ b,FeCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\downarrow\\ AlCl_3+3AgNO_3\rightarrow Al\left(NO_3\right)_3+3AgCl\downarrow\\ n_{AgCl}=n_{AgNO_3}=3.n_{AlCl_3}+2.n_{FeCl_2}=3.a+2.b=3.0,2+2.0,1=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow a=\dfrac{170.0,8}{250}.100=54,4\%\\ b=m_{\downarrow}=m_{AgCl}=0,8.143,5=114,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,464}{22,4}=0,11mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al:x\left(mol\right)\\Fe:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow Muối\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\\FeSO_4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}BTe:3x+2y=2n_{H_2}=0,22\\\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot342+y\cdot152=14,44\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,04mol\\y=0,05mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,04\cdot27=1,08g\\m_{Fe}=0,05\cdot56=2,8g\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3BaCl_2\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3BaSO_4\downarrow\)
0,02 0,06
\(FeSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+FeCl_2\)
0,05 0,05
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{\downarrow}=0,06+0,05=0,11\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=x=25,63g\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
BTNT, có: \(n_{SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Mà: m muối = mKL + mSO4
⇒ m = mKL = 93,6 - 0,6.96 = 36 (g)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a)
\(n_{H2}=\frac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
BTKL
mhh+mHCl=m muối+mH2
\(m_{muoi}=22,2\left(g\right)\)
b)
Gọi a là số mol Fe b là số mol Mg
Giải hệ phương trình :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+24b=8\\a+b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\rightarrow a=b=0,1\)
\(m_{Fe}=5,6\left(g\right),m_{Mg}=2,4\left(g\right)\)
c)
\(V_{HCL}=\frac{0,4}{1}=0,4\left(l\right)\)
d)
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
\(4Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2+2H_2O\rightarrow4Fe\left(OH\right)_3\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow MgO+H_2O\)
\(\rightarrow m=0,05.160+0,1.40=12\left(g\right)\)
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,08.1=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
BTNT H và O, có: \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ nO (trong oxit) = nH2O = 0,04 (mol)
Có: mhh = mFe + mO
⇒ mFe = 2,32 - 0,04.16 = 1,68 (g)
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
BTNT H, có: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(l\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
- Thấy Cu không phản ứng với HCl .
\(\Rightarrow m_{cr}=m_{Cu}=6,4\left(g\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
.x.......................................1,5x.........
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
.y....................................y.............
Theo bài ra ta có hệ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y+6,4=17,4\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol )
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=5,4\\m_{Fe}=5,6\end{matrix}\right.\) ( g )
b, \(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
.......0,1.........0,2...............................
\(AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
...0,2.......0,6..........................
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,2+0,6=0,8< 1\)
=> Trong B còn có HCl dư .
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
...0,2..........0,2....................
=> Dư 0,2 mol HCl .
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}+0,2=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddB}=17,4+250-6,4-0,8=260,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{260,2}.100\%\approx2,8\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}\approx4,88\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}\approx10,26\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ....
Gọi hỗn hợp muối là RCl2
\(RCL_2+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow2NaCl+RCO_3\)
0,2 ______0,2
Đổi : 200ml=0,2l
\(n_{Na2CO3}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow M_{RCl2}=\frac{35,95}{0,2}=179,75\rightarrow R=108,35\)
\(Mg< R< M,M>108,35\)
Ta có Ba(137)>108,35
Nên M là Ba
\(MgCl_2+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow MgCO_3+2NaCl\)
x_________x_________ x
\(BaCl_2+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow BaCO_3+2NaCl\)
y ______y__________ y
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}95x+108y=35,95\\x+y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
m kết tủa =mMgCO3+ mBaCO3
\(=0,05.\left(24+12+16.3\right)+0,15.\left(137+12+16.3\right)=33,75\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Cl}=35,8-14,5=21,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Các muối clorua có dạng RCl2
\(\Rightarrow n_{muoi.clorua}=0,5n_{Cl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(RCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow R\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{NaOH}=0,6\left(l\right)=600\left(ml\right)\)