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https://hoidap247.com/cau-hoi/2130844
a)
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$ZnO + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2O$
b)
$n_{Zn} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{Zn} = 0,1.65 = 6,5(gam)$
$m_{ZnO} = 14,6 - 6,5 = 8,1(gam)$
c)
$n_{ZnO} = \dfrac{8,1}{81} = 0,1(mol)$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{Zn} + 2n_{ZnO} = 0,4(mol)$
$\Rightarrow V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,4}{C_{M_{HCl}}}$
\(Mg + 2HCl \rightarrow MgCl_2 + H_2\)
\(Zn + 2HCl \rightarrow ZnCl_2 + H_2\)
\(2Al + 6HCl \rightarrow 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\)
\(n_{H_2}= \dfrac{10,08}{22,4}= 0, 45 mol\)
Theo PTHH:
\(n_{-Cl}= 2n_{H_2}= 0,9 mol\) ( gốc Cl ở muối nhé)
\(m_{muối}= m_{kim loại} + m_{-Cl} \Rightarrow 56,6=a + 0,9 . 35,5 \Rightarrow a=24,65g\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{6}{24}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ 0,25.........0,5.........0,25.......0,25\left(mol\right)\\ a.V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\\ b.m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}2Fe+3H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,25}{3}< \dfrac{0,1}{1}\\ \Rightarrow Fe_2O_3dư\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,25=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{6}.56\approx9,333\left(g\right)\)
a,\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{6}{24}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,25 0,5 0,25
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
b,\(m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)
c,\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 → 2Fe + 3H2O
Mol: 0,25 \(\dfrac{1}{6}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,25}{3}\)⇒ Fe2O3 dư, H2 hết
\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{6}.56=9,33\left(g\right)\)
a, \(Zn+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2\)
\(ZnO+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{14,6}.100\%\approx44,52\%\\\%m_{ZnO}\approx55,48\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Ta có: \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{14,6-0,1.65}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COOH}=2n_{Zn}+2n_{ZnO}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(C_2H_5OH+O_2\underrightarrow{^{mengiam}}CH_3COOH+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{C_2H_5OH\left(LT\right)}=n_{CH_3COOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Mà: H = 80%
\(\Rightarrow n_{C_2H_5OH\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{0,4}{80\%}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{C_2H_5OH\left(TT\right)}=0,5.46=23\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{23}{0,8}=28,75\left(ml\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{C_2H_5OH\left(18,4^o\right)}=\dfrac{28,75}{18,4}.100=156,25\left(ml\right)=0,15625\left(l\right)\)
a, \(2CH_3COOH+Zn\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2\)
b, \(n_{CH_3COOH}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{CH_3COOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{CH_3COOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{9,5}.100\%\approx68,42\%\\\%m_{Cu}\approx31,58\%\end{matrix}\right.\)