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n HCl= 0,2 . 0,1= 0,02 (mol)
n MgO=\(\frac{0,1}{40}\)=0,0025(mol)
MgO + 2HCl ----> MgCl2 + H2O
ban đầu 0,0025 0,02 !
pư 0,0025 -----> 0,005 ----> 0,0025 ------> 0,0025 ! (mol)
sau pư 0 0,015 0,0025 0,0025 !
C M (HCl) = \(\frac{0,015}{0,1}\)=0,15 (M)
C M (MgCl2) = \(\frac{0,0025}{0,1}\)=0,025 (M)
C M (H2O)= \(\frac{0,0025}{0,1}\)= 0,025 (M)
Bài 4 :
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
300ml = 0,3l
\(n_{HCl}=1.0,3=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
1) Pt : \(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,1 0,3 0,1
2) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{2}\)
⇒ MgO phản ứng hết , HCl dư
⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của MgO
\(n_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{MgCl2}=0,1.95=9,5\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,3-\left(0,1.2\right)=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=1,14.300=342\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=4+342=346\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{9,5.100}{346}=2,75\)0/0
\(C_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{3,65.100}{346}=1,05\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4--->ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\left(1\right)\)
b. Theo PT(1): \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=65.0,3=19,5\left(g\right)\)
c. Theo PT(1): \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Đổi 300ml = 0,3 lít
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3}=1M\)
d. PTHH: \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4--->Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\left(2\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{NaOH}=2.n_{H_2SO_4}=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,6.40=24\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{24.100\%}{20\%}=120\left(g\right)\)
a, \(Fe+CuSO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+Cu\)
b, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1,96}{56}=0,035\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{ddCuSO_4}=100.1,12=112\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{112.10\%}{160}=0,07\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,035}{1}< \dfrac{0,07}{1}\), ta được CuSO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{CuSO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Cu}=n_{Fe}=0,035\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,07-0,035=0,035\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 1,96 + 112 - 0,035.64 = 111,72 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,035.152}{111,72}.100\%\approx4,76\%\\C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,035.160}{111,72}.100\%\approx5,01\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
300ml = 0,3l
\(n_{HNO3}=1.0,3=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(NaOH+HNO_3\rightarrow NaNO_3+H_2O|\)
1 1 1 1
0,3 0,3 0,3
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
200ml = 0,2l
\(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{NaNO3}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{NaNO3}=0,3.85=25,5\left(g\right)\)
Sau phản ứng :
\(V_{dd}=0,2+0,3=0,5\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{NaNO3}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{HNO_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(NaOH+HNO_3\rightarrow NaNO_3+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{NaNO_3}=n_{HNO_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow CM_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)
\(m_{NaNO_3}=0,3.85=25,5\left(g\right)\)
BTKL
mX + mdd HNO3 = mdd X + mH2O + m↑
=> mdd X = 11,6 + 87,5 – 30 . 0,1 – 46 . 0,15 = 89,2g
=> C%Fe(NO3)3 = 13,565%
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
\(0.1...........0.1.........0.1\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.24\cdot0.5=0.12\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
\(0.12..........0.06\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.1+0.06=0.16\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.16}{1}=0.16\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0.06}{0.16}=0.375\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{CuSO_4}}=\dfrac{0.1}{0.16}=0.625\left(M\right)\)
PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{33,6}{56}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{784\cdot10\%}{98}=0,8\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,6}{1}< \dfrac{0,8}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) H2SO4 còn dư, Fe phản ứng hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,6mol\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeSO_4}=0,6\cdot152=91,2\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,2\cdot98=19,6\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,6\cdot2=1,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Fe}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=816,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{91,2}{816,4}\cdot100\%\approx11,17\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{19,6}{816,4}\cdot100\%\approx2,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{33,6}{56}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{784.10\%}{98}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : \(Fe+H_2SO_4-->FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Theo pthh : \(n_{H2}=n_{FeSO4}=n_{H2SO4\left(pứ\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H2SO4\left(dư\right)}=0,8-0,6=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Áp dụng ĐLBTKL :
mFe + m(dd H2SO4) = m(ddspu) + mH2
=> 33,6 + 784 = m(ddspu) + 0,6.2
=> m(ddspu) = 816,4(g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%FeSO_{\text{4}}=\dfrac{0,6.152}{816,4}\cdot100\%\approx11,17\%\\C\%H_2SO_{4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{816,4}\cdot100\%\approx2,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{7}{40}=0,175\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,6.1=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,175}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{1}\), ta được H2SO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{MgSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{MgO}=0,175\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,6-0,175=0,425\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{MgSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,175}{0,6}=\dfrac{7}{24}\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,425}{0,6}=\dfrac{17}{24}\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)